This document summarizes a presentation about rethinking learning resources and open educational resources (OER). The presentation discusses the benefits of openness, including giving legal control over resources to customize, localize, and remix them. It also notes that open resources improve learning by allowing customization and provide opportunities for authentic learning activities like peer review and collaboration. The presentation argues that open resources demonstrate institutions' service mission and can help partnerships between institutions to create sustainable OER solutions.

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ontario
David Porter, Ed.D.
CEO, eCampusOntario
davidp@ecampusontario.ca
Twitter: @dendroglyph
Unless otherwise noted, this work is licensed under a Creative
Commons Attribution Share Alike License. Feel free to use,
modify, reuse or redistribute any or all of this presentation.

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We wish to acknowledge the land on which this event takes place.
We acknowledge that we are on the traditional territory of the
Attawandaron (Neutral), Anishnaabeg, and Haudenosaunee
peoples.
Today, this meeting place, like many others across Ontario, is still
home to many Indigenous people and we are grateful to have the
opportunity to work and meet on this land.
Acknowledgement

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Rethinking
learning resources
October 25, 2017

5. OUR NORMAL
WORKING
CONTEXT IS
CHANGING

6. FASTER + FASTER
OUR WORK IS HAPPENING
beforea smoother state
now responsiveness to change
and emergent opportunities
is the new normal

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Rethinking
Needs to be at the core of our practice

9. Simon Bates, University
of British Columbia.
extend.ecampusontario.ca

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An immersive, experiential learning opportunity where the participants are
challenged to teach and learn with different modes and formats, to create and
collaborate using digital technology tools, and to discern what approaches may
be used to design significant technology-enabled learning experiences.
@ontarioextend https://extend.ecampusontario.ca #oextend

11. e4
•explore
•engage
•extend
•empower
Our mantra…

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Rethinking AS a Theme
to guide our program designs
Rethinking learning resources
Rethinking the learning experience
Rethinking recognition of learning

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ontario
Rethinking Learning Resources
What happens when we bring teaching and
learning into the open?

15. Why OPEN ?
Image by Craig Garner

16. PD-US via Wikimedia Commons
“Everyone has the right
to education. Education
shall be free, at least in
the elementary and
fundamental stages…”
Source: United Nations, 1948, Universal Declaration
of Human Rights Article 26, paragraph 1
Universal
Declaration of
Human Rights
It started in 1948

17. UNESCO
http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/access-to-knowledge/
open-educational-resources/what-are-open-educational-resources-oers/
UNESCO
“Open Educational Resources (OERs) are any
type of educational materials that are in the
public domain or introduced with an open license.
The nature of these open materials means that
anyone can legally and freely copy, use, adapt
and re-share them.”

18. Open Education encompasses resources, tools
and practices that are free of legal, financial
and technical barriers and can be fully used,
shared and adapted in the digital
environment.
Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition- sparcopen.org

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Grant freedoms instead of imposing restrictions
Sharing is fundamental to teaching
Collaboration is a good thing
Assumptions about Openness

20. “…openness is the sole means by
which education is effected. If a
teacher is not sharing what he or she
knows, there is no education
happening.
In fact, those educators who share the
most thoroughly of themselves with
the greatest proportion of their
students are the ones we deem
successful. Does every single student
come out of a class in possession of the
knowledge and skills the teacher tried
to share? In other words, is the teacher
a successful sharer? If so, then the
teacher is a successful educator. If
attempts at sharing fail, then the
teacher is a poor educator.
Education is sharing.
Education is about being open.”
Openness as Catalyst for an Education Reformation, David Wiley,
EDUCAUSE Review, vol. 45, no. Educational 4 (July/August 2010): 14–20

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• The right to make,own and control
copies of the contentRetain
• The right to use the content in a wide
range of waysReuse
• The right to adapt, adjust, or modify
the content itselfRevise
• The right to combine the original or
revised content with other open
content to create something new
Remix
• The right to share copies of the original
content, your revisions, or your remixes
with others
Redistribute
Source: David Wiley, http://opencontent.org/blog/archives/3221 March 5, 2014, CC-BY
The 5Rs of openness

22. A simple,
standardized
way to grant
copyright permissions
to your creative work.

23. Some Rights Reserved
Creative Commons logo by Creative Commons used under under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License

24. Image from Copyright in Education & Internet in South African Law
http://education-copyright.org/creative-commons/
Used under Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 South Africa license

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Rethinking Learning Resources

27. And, free is more
than just a good deal

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The Big Idea of Open
Giving instructional resources expanded power to
enable learning and teaching, beyond being just
free or low cost

29. 5 benefits
to openness

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Benefit #1: Full Legal Control
• to customize
• to localize
• to personalize
• to update
• to translate
• to remix
Some Rights Reserved
Creative Commons logo by Creative Commons used under under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License

31. The more context
a learning
resources has, the
more (and the
more easily) a
learner can learn
from it.
To make learning
resources maximally
reusable, learning
objects should contain
as little context as
possible.
The Reusability Paradox image by Wayne Mackintosh used under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 3.0)
Retrieved from http://wikieducator.org/File:Reusability_paradox.svg#filelinks
Reusability Paradox

32. Shark! by guitarfish used under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 2.0 Generic license.

33. Sharks are a group
of fish characterized
by a cartilaginous
skeleton, five to
seven gill slits on the
sides of the head,
and pectoral fins
that are not fused to
the head.
This is a modified image based on Shark! by guitarfish used under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 2.0
Generic license. Shark text from Wikipedia and used under a Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 3.0 license. This
modified image is released under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 2.0 Generic license.

34. Symbiosis is the
close and often
long-term
interaction
between two or
more different
biological species
This is a modified image based on Shark! by guitarfish used under Creative Commons Attribution Non-
Commercial 2.0 Generic license. Symbiosis text from Wikipedia and used under a Creative Commons Attribution
Share-Alike 3.0 license. This modified image is released under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial
2.0 Generic license.

35. “Therefore, pedagogical
effectiveness and potential for
reuse are completely at odds
with one another, unless the
end user is permitted to edit
the learning resource.”
Source: The Reusability Paradox, David Wiley, Connexions. http://cnx.org/content/m11898/latest/

37. Open thinking is spreading worldwide

39. Images from Oxfam.org CC-BY and
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Daniel_Mietchen/Talks/World_Open_Educational_Resources_Congress_2012
/How_Open_Access_and_Open_Science_can_mutually_fertilize_with_Open_Educational_Resources CC-BY
Why is this work happening?
To increase access to higher education by reducing student costs
To improve student learning by removing barriers to resources
To give faculty more control over their instructional resources

40. Choices for students

41. Empowering faculty
Who are the
Open Rangers
on your
campus?

42. Beyond Free
Benefit #2
Access to customized
resources improves learning

43. New Studies and Data

44. Beyond Free
Benefit #3
Open provides opportunities for
authentic learning activities

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5.5 million views per month.
ChemWiki most visited chemistry website
in the world.
Delmar Larsen offers extra credit to students who submit entries
to an online Chemistry textbook. He assigns a rating system to
new articles based on the author's expertise and experience, with
articles moving up as they are edited and vetted.
Sources: ChemWiki takes on costly textbooks UC Davis News,
October 2013 UCD Hyperlink Newsletter October 2014

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Robin DeRosa
Plymouth State University – New Hampshire
The Open Anthology
of Early American Literature
“I launched the open textbook project over a summer,
and because I teach at a public university where I had
no easy access to graduate assistants or funding, I hired
a bunch of undergrad students and recent alums, and
paid them out of my own pocket to assist me. Turns
out, most of them were willing to work for free (I
didn’t let them, though what I paid was low because it
was all I could spare), and turns out the whole
endeavor of building the work turned out to be
transformative to my own pedagogy and to the course
that followed.”

47. Linking
research with teaching

48. Beyond Free
Benefit #4
Collegial collaboration

49. Peer Reviewed Resources
My Adventures Adapting a Chemistry Textbook291/365 by thebarrowboy used under a CC-BY

50. Library sprints

51. Textbook
sprints

52. Test bank
sprints
2 Days
17 Psych Faculty
6 Institutions
850 Questions

53. 53Practice SIMs

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55. Beyond Free
Benefit #5
Demonstration of the service
mission institutions

56. Author: Mathieu Plourde: CC-BY-SA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MOOC_poster_mathplourde.jpg
Making MOOCs truly open

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How does ontario benefit?
Targeted open core
content in a high
impact subject
Meaningful
partnerships with other
jurisdictions in Canada
and the US
A scalable OER solution
which institutions can
adopt as their own
STUDENT SAVINGS PARTNERSHIPS SUSTAINABLE OER

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Textbook and resource materials costs have increased 129% over 15
years: nearly 4 times inflation*
Financial Consumer Agency of Canada (2014) advises post secondary
students to budget $800-$1000 per year for required course
materials*
Student Affordability: the current landscape

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Ontario Needs OER… Storage
Distribution
Authoring
Incentivized review
Training and support

64. Publish Many
Write Once

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Beyond textbooks
Teachers also need OPEN resources
• Project files
• Learning activities
• Assessments
• Homework help
• Power point decks

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• Connect with other jurisdictions to collaborate, share and
pool resoucres
• Position Ontario as a global leader in the OER movement
Benefit #2: partnerships

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• Governments, non-profits and foundations in North America have
been funding OER development for the past decade.
• OER is emerging as a strategic priority for institutions in Ontario.
• Institutions must become the primary agents in the open publishing
process.
• This platform will give them the infrastructure they need to pursue
open beyond government funding.
Benefit #3: Sustainable oer

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Potential student savings: Nursing
Average ancilliary fee at a university
nursing program in Ontario
$1,267*
F E E S
Students enrolled or registered in
a Nursing program at an Ontario
college or university in 2015-16
15,605*
S T U D E N T S
Estimated savings for Ontario
nursing students
19 million
S A V I N G S
*See p. 12 for Citations

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The State University of New York.
64 institutions serving 1.3 million
students. Dedicated to open via SUNY
OER services
SUNY
Not-for-profit based out of Rice
University. Experts in publishing open
textbooks in STEM disciplines
OPEN STAX
Canadian leaders in Open Education.
Creators of first Canadian open
textbook library. Internationally
recognized.
BCCAMPUS
Not-for-profit corporation that develops
software and communities to forward
open publishing, open webbooks, and
open education.
REBUS COMMUNITY
Who are our partners?

71. This image is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Attribution: Terry Goss
But, beware of sharks in open waters

72. “Openwashing”

73. Openness in education is not a new idea — but it needs
renewed expression in a digital era and broader
application in higher education
Openness is not just a historical development — it is a
social, cultural and economic phenomenon
Fundamentally, education is a human right — let’s make
educational resources openly accessible in all formats
Take away messages

74. Don’t reinvent it Adopt and adapt

75. Be OPEN!
David Porter • davidp@ecampusontario.ca
Slides reused, remixed, and re-engineered from original slides by David Porter BCIT.ca, Amanda Coolidge,
BCcampus, and Clint Lalonde BCcampus.ca. Unless otherwise noted, this work is licensed under a Creative
Commons Attribution Share Alike License.
Feel free to use, modify, reuse or redistribute any or all of this presentation with attribution.

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Thank you VERY MUCH
Questions?