Protoplast Fusion was Performed between Origanum Onites (Marble Thyme) and Origanum Majorana (White Thyme) Species
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9th International Scientific Conference on Applied Sciences and Engineering 6-7 June 2016 Nippon Hotel, İstanbul-Turkey
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1st International Scientific Conference on Applied
Sciences and Engineering
20-21 December, 2014
Pearl International Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaLinear and Nonlinear System Identification of Debutanizer Column
1st International Scientific Conference on Applied
Sciences and Engineering
20-21 December, 2014
Pearl International Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Abstract
Objective(s):
The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been introduced as appropriate cells for tissue engineering and medical applications. Some studies have shown that topography of materials especially physical surface characteristics and particles size could enhance adhesion and proliferation of osteoblasts. In the present research, we studied the distinction effect of 30 and 60 μg/ml of zinc oxide (ZnO) on differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells to osteoblast.
Materials and Methods:
After the third passage, human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were exposed to 30 and 60 μg/ml of ZnO nanoparticles having a size of 30 nm. The control group has received no ZnO nanoparticles. On day 15 of incubation for monitoring the cellular differentiation, alizarin red staining and RT-PCR assays were performed to evaluate the level of osteopontin, osteocalsin and alkaline phosphatase genes expression.
Results:
In the group receiving 30 μg/ml of ZnO nanoparticles, the expression of osteogenic markers such as alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and osteopontin genes were significantly higher than both control and the group receiving 60 μg/ml ZnO nanoparticle. These data also confirmed by alizarin red staining.
Conclusion:
It seems the process of differentiation of MSCs affected by ZnO nanoparticles is dependent on dose as well as on the size of ZnO.Isolation and characterization of coprophilous cellulolytic fungi from asian ...
This document summarizes a study that isolated and characterized coprophilous (dung-loving) cellulolytic fungi from Asian elephant dung in Malaysia. Eight new fungi were isolated from elephant dung samples collected from a forest reserve, identified morphologically and through molecular analysis, and had their DNA sequences deposited in GenBank. Two isolates, Trichoderma aureoviride and Fusarium equiseti, showed potential for cellulase production when tested on carboxymethyl cellulose. The study suggests that natural environments like elephant dung harbor cellulolytic fungi that could provide cheaper cellulase enzymes for applications like biofuel production.
Cellular damage to phytophthora infestans in tomato leaves treated with oxadi...
The document describes an ultrastructural study of cells of Phytophthora infestans, the pathogen that causes late blight in tomatoes and potatoes, after treatment with the fungicide oxadixyl. The study found that in some hyphae and haustoria of P. infestans in infected tomato leaves treated with oxadixyl, there was massive accumulation of electron-dense deposits near the plasma membrane and mitochondria. This led to mitochondrial degeneration and likely cell death. However, no changes were observed in the endoplasmic reticulum or number of ribosomes. Some hyphal cell walls were also thickened after oxadixyl treatment. The damage to fungal cells from oxadix
Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using streptomyces fulvissimus isolate
Abstract
Objective(s):
In recent years, the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles has been the focus of interest because of their emerging application in a number of areas such as biomedicine. In the present study we report the extracellular biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) by using a positive bacterium named Streptomyces fulvissimus isolate U from rice fields of Guilan Province, Iran.
Materials and Methods:
From over 20 Streptomyces isolates collected, isolate U showed high AuNPs biosynthesis activity. To determine its taxonomical identity, its morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscope and partial molecular analysis performed by PCR. In this regard, 16S rDNA of isolate U was amplified using universal bacterial primers FD1 and RP2. The PCR products were purified and sequenced. Sequence analysis of 16S rDNA was then conducted using NCBI BLAST method. In biosynthesis of AuNPs by this bacterium, the biomass of bacterium exposed to the HAuCl4 solution.
Results:
The nanoparticles obtained were characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) analyses. Our results indicated that Streptomyces fulvissimus isolateU bio-synthesizes extracellular AuNPs in the range of 20-50 nm.
Conclusions:
This technique of green synthesis of AuNPs by a microbial source may become a promising method because of its environmental safety. Its optimization may make it a potential procedure for industrial production of gold nanoparticles.
Biomaterials.pdf
This document summarizes a study on using rare earth ion-doped ceramic nanoparticles for cancer-targeted near infrared imaging. Specifically, it describes:
1) Developing erbium and ytterbium ion-doped yttrium oxide nanoparticles (YNP) that emit near infrared light at 1550 nm when excited by 980 nm light, allowing for "NIR-NIR imaging" with penetration through tissues.
2) Functionalizing the YNP surface with streptavidin (SA) using polyethylene glycol (PEG) to enable attachment of biotinylated antibodies for cancer targeting.
3) Demonstrating cancer-specific NIR-NIR imaging of breast cancer cells and human colon
Isolation and In Vitro Activities of Asplenum Bulbiferum Leaf Extracts on Bac...
This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of Asplenium bulbiferum leaf extracts against bacteria that cause lung diseases. Sputum samples from patients were collected and Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of A. bulbiferum leaves were prepared. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenolics, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, steroids and glycosides. The ethanolic extract showed more antibacterial activity against S. aureus and S. pneumoniae compared to the aqueous extract based on the zone of inhibition. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of the extracts were determined. The results support the use of A. bulbiferum
ajbebt.2016.1003
1) The document reports on research into the endophytic fungus Papulaspora pallidula's ability to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and their potential antitumor and antibacterial efficacy.
2) The biosynthesized AgNPs exhibited 52.7% growth inhibition of human larynx carcinoma cells and varying levels of inhibition against 5 pathogenic bacterial strains. Combining the AgNPs with Gentamycin significantly increased antibacterial activity.
3) Characterization of the AgNPs showed they were spherical and ranged from 8-90nm in size. UV-Vis and FTIR analysis confirmed AgNP formation and protein capping, while SEM images visualized particle shape and dispersion.
Protoplastisolation 140102042007-phpapp01
This document summarizes the process of protoplast isolation, culture, and fusion. It discusses how protoplasts are isolated from plant tissues through enzymatic digestion of cell walls. The viability of isolated protoplasts is then tested before they are cultured on nutrient media and induced to regenerate new cell walls. Protoplast fusion allows the creation of somatic hybrids between plant species for crop improvement applications. The overall technique provides tools for genetic engineering and plant biotechnology research.
The Fabrication And Modification Of T Cuas With Cellulose...
The document discusses modifications made to T-CUAs (templated copper ultramicroelectrodes) to detect nitric oxide (NO). Specifically, it details adding a cellulose acetate gas permeable membrane selective to NO and introducing chitosan and gold nanoparticles to enhance catalytic activity, sensitivity, and limit of detection for NO. The cellulose acetate membrane filters out non-gaseous molecules while maintaining a pore size of around 6 angstroms. Scanning electron microscopy images show the unmodified and modified T-CUAs, with the modified having chitosan gold nanoparticles ranging in size from 5 to 80 nanometers deposited on the surface.
2016. Motoaki seki. RIKEN cassava initiative
The document summarizes research on cassava conducted by RIKEN in collaboration with organizations in Japan, Southeast Asia, Africa and South America. Key points include:
1. Development of an integrated genomics platform for cassava including collection of over 27,000 full-length cDNAs, development of cassava databases and microarrays, and transcriptome analysis.
2. Marker breeding of cassava in Thailand using hybrids between high- and low-yielding varieties to identify genes associated with yield, starch content and disease resistance.
3. Heavy ion beam mutagenesis and characterization of mutant cassava lines in Vietnam with variations in traits like leaf shape and starch content.
palynotaxa and parasitic loads of nigerian currency potential sources of mic...
Currency notes are handled by a large number of people under a variety of personal and environmental conditions. A total of ninety six samples of one hundred naira denomination of Nigerian notes were procured from seven Local Government Areas (LGA) of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The aim of the study was to determine the palynotaxa and parasitic load prevalent on currency notes. The leachates of currency notes were obtained and subjected to acetolysis and examined microscopically. Twenty six fungal spores type were recorded and were highly dominated by spores of Libertelli spp., Botrytis spp. and Spadicoides spp. Pollen achieved 54 % of the total bio-particles, whereas fungal spores and parasitic worms achieved 35.2 % and 10.60 %, respectively. The presence and relative abundance of these palynotaxa and parasites in currency notes affirms their propensity to spread vectors of diseases.
L 7 Plant protoplasts .ppt
This document discusses plant protoplasts, which are plant cells that have had their cell walls removed. It covers the structure and function of plant cell walls. The two main methods for isolating protoplasts are mechanical and enzymatic isolation. Enzymatic isolation using cellulase, pectinase, and hemicellulase enzymes is now the standard method. Leaves are a common source material for protoplast isolation. Isolation involves incubating tissue in enzyme solutions to break down the cell wall. Protoplasts must then be maintained in an hypertonic solution to prevent bursting due to loss of cell wall pressure. Culture media for protoplasts is based on Murashige and Sk
Ochratoxin A production by Aspergillus section Nigri strains isolated from cu...
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Abstract—Black aspergilli is an important group of fungi used in biotechnology and food industry. Some species of this group produce hazardous mycotoxins such as ochratoxin A (OTA). During this study, four novel strains of Aspergillus section Nigri isolated from Greek currants (ATHUM 6997, 6998, 6999, 7000) were investigated for OTA production on Yeast Extract Sucrose (YES) medium and currants. As strains control were used both A. carbonarius and A. ochraceus.
OTA determined using HPLC (Fluorescence Detector). Results revealed that OTA production by A. carbonarius in currants was not significantly different compared to OTA production by the Aspergillus section Nigri strains.
However the maximum amounts of OTA produced by the strains ATHUM 6997 and 6999 in currants were found to be ~2-fold lower than that by A. carbonarius. The maximum OTA levels produced by the strains ATHUM 6997, 6998, 6999 and 7000 were found to be ~7, ~12, ~9 and ~11 fold higher respectively, if compared to the maximum OTA production by A. ochraceus. The novel strains of Aspergillus section Nigri isolated from currants of Greek origin, produced significant amounts of OTA in YES medium and in currants. Along with a previous study, in the present work it is concluded that the four Aspergillus section Nigri strains are able to produce both aflatoxin B1 and OTA.
Medical biotechnology & its applications.
This document discusses applications of medical biotechnology, including pharmacology, gene therapy, stem cells, and tissue engineering. Medical biotechnology uses living cells and materials to research and produce pharmaceuticals and diagnostics for treating and preventing human diseases. Some key applications covered are the production of insulin through recombinant DNA in bacteria in 1978, and human growth hormone production in 1979. Gene therapy involves using therapeutic genes to replace mutated genes, such as for treating hemophilia. Stem cells have potential to become any cell type and are used in bone marrow transplants, heart tissue repair, and spinal cord injury repair. Tissue engineering techniques grow replacement tissues externally, such as creating artificial skin, cartilage and bone marrow.
Gene and genetic code
1. The document discusses the concepts of genes, genetic code, and genetic control. It describes how genes carry coded information and how one gene corresponds to one enzyme.
2. The genetic code is explained, including how it is read in triplets and is universal. The central dogma of DNA to RNA to protein is also summarized.
3. Gene expression and the lac operon model of genetic regulation are introduced, where operons contain structural genes that are coregulated.
Journey to iPS Cell our future
Stem cells have the ability to differentiate into specialized cell types and can self-renew to produce more stem cells. There are two main types: embryonic stem cells derived from embryos and adult stem cells found in adult tissues. In 2006, Shinya Yamanaka discovered that introducing four transcription factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc) into adult cells could reprogram them into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which have properties similar to embryonic stem cells. This breakthrough provided a method to generate patient-specific stem cells for research and potential therapies without ethical concerns. However, iPSC reprogramming still has low efficiency and safety issues related to viral gene delivery that need further improvement
POTENTIAL OF CURCUMIN IN PYRAMID CELL NECROSIS OF MICE (MUS MUSCULUS) DUE TO ...
Mercury pollution in the aquatic environment can cause intoxication of marine
organisms and the formation of free radicals in the human body if consumed. Curcumin
is a natural ingredient that contains extracellular antioxidants to overcome the
formation of free radicals in the body. The purpose of the study was to determine the
effect of administering curcumin to the number of pyramid cells that were necrotic in
mice (Mus musculus) exposed to methylmercury. This experiment used a completely
randomized design with 4 groups of mice, i.e. 0.5 ml distilled water, 0.056 mg/kg
methylmercury, 0.0056 mg/kg methylmercury + 150 mg/kg curcumin and 0.0056 mg/kg
methylmercury + 300 mg/kg curcumin. Examination of total pyramid cell necrosis was
observed with a 400x magnification light microscope. In this study, there was a
decrease in the number of pyramid cell necrosis in mice. The decrease in the number
of necrotic cells was directly proportional to the increase in dose given. The treatment
results as positive controls showed the highest value with the number of pyramid cells
experiencing necrosis of 23.28. The highest decreases in the number of each treatment
were 10.32 in 150 mg/kgBW curcumin and 5.80 in 300 mg/kgBW curcumin. Curcumin
can reduce the number of pyramid cells that experience necrosis due to exposure to
methylmercury.
Similar to Protoplast Fusion was Performed between Origanum Onites (Marble Thyme) and Origanum Majorana (White Thyme) Species (20)
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Based Sex Determination Using Unembalmed Huma...
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Based Sex Determination Using Unembalmed Huma...
The effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on differentiation of human mesenchym...
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Isolation and characterization of coprophilous cellulolytic fungi from asian ...
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Cellular damage to phytophthora infestans in tomato leaves treated with oxadi...
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Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using streptomyces fulvissimus isolate
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Isolation and In Vitro Activities of Asplenum Bulbiferum Leaf Extracts on Bac...
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palynotaxa and parasitic loads of nigerian currency potential sources of mic...
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POTENTIAL OF CURCUMIN IN PYRAMID CELL NECROSIS OF MICE (MUS MUSCULUS) DUE TO ...
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The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
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