The document presents a project on power factor correction of a three-phase PWM AC chopper fed induction motor drive system using hysteresis band current control (HBCC) technique. It discusses the need for power factor correction in induction motor drive systems and describes different power factor correction methods. It then presents the proposed control strategy involving soft starting, speed control and power factor correction modes. Simulation models of the system with and without HBCC are shown and results demonstrate input power factor correction under different operating speeds with low harmonic distortion. Advantages of the system include high reliability and efficiency while improving machine performance.

1. KCES’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
A
PROJECT PRESENTATION ON
“USING HBCC SYSTEM POWER FACTOR CORRECTION OF THREE PHASE
PWM AC CHOPPER FED INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE SYSTEM”
GUIDED BY:
PROF. K. M. MAHAJAN PRESENTED BY:
MS. CHAITRA N. PANAT
PRN NO: 21510620181229210001

2. CONTENT:
1. Abstract
2. Introduction
3. Literature Review
4. Need of the system
5.Different methods of Power Factor Correction
6. AC Voltage Regulator & their control methods
7. HBCC Technique
8.System description and operation principle
9. Proposed Control Strategy
10. Simulation model
11. Result & discussion
12. Advantages
13.Disadvantages
14. Applications
15. Future Scope
16.Conclusion
17.Referrences

3. 1.ABSTRACT
 In this project, a new control strategy for an induction motor
(IM) drive system fed from three-phase pulse width
modulation (PWM) ac chopper is proposed.
 The main objective of the proposed control scheme is to
achieve input power factor correction (PFC) of the IM drive
system under different operating conditions.
 PFC is achieved by continuously forcing the actual three-
phase supply currents with the corresponding reference
currents, which are generated in phase with the supply
voltages, using hysteresis band current control (HBCC)
technique.

4. 2. INTRODUCTION:
 In this project, a new control strategy for an induction
motor (IM) drive system fed from three-phase pulse
width modulation (PWM) ac chopper is proposed.
 Different topologies with different control methods of
these regulators in single phase applications and also in
three phase applications are presented.

5. 3. LITERATURE REVIEW:
 Murat Kale, Murat Karabacak, Bilal Saracoglu, “ A novel
hysteresis band current controller scheme for three phase AC
chopper”. This paper explains the application of the hysteresis
band current controller technique to the three phase pulse
width modulation AC chopper used for the purpose of
controlling the magnitude of the sinusoidal currents and
voltages applied to the AC load.
 Do-Hyun Jang, Gyu Choe, “ Improvement of input power
factor in AC choppers using Asymmetrical PWM technique”.
This paper explains Asymmetrical pulse width modulated
control technique for the ac chopper is proposed to improve
the input power factor.

6. 4. NEED OF THE SYSTEM :
1.The main objective of the proposed control scheme is to
achieve input power factor correction (PFC) of the IM drive
system under different operating conditions.
2. The proposed ac chopper features a smaller number of active
semiconductor switches, four IGBTs, with only two PWM gate
signals. As a result, the proposed system is simple, reliable,
highly efficient, and cost effective.

7. 5. DIFFERENT METHODS OF POWER FACTOR
CORRECTION:
a. Static Capacitor:
 For Power factor improvement purpose, Static capacitors
are connected in parallel with those devices which work
on low power factor.

8.  These static capacitors provides leading current which
neutralize the lagging inductive component of load
current thus power factor of the load circuit is improved.

9. b. Synchronous Condenser:
 When a Synchronous motor operates at No-Load and
over-exited then it’s called a synchronous Condenser.
Whenever a Synchronous motor is over-exited then it
provides leading current and works like a capacitor.

10. c. Phase Advancer:
 Phase advancer is a simple AC exciter which is
connected on the main shaft of the motor and operates
with the motor’s rotor circuit for power factor
improvement.
 Phase advancer is used to improve the power factor of
induction motor in industries.

11. 6. AC VOLTAGE REGULATOR & THEIR CONTROL
METHODS :
 AC voltage regulators, also called as AC voltage
controllers, are used in various applications that require a
regulated AC voltage.

12.  The purpose of AC voltage controller is to vary the root
mean square (RMS) value of its output that applied to the
load circuit.
 There are three control methods are offered to achieve
this objective;
a. ON/OFF method
b. Phase angle (PA) method and
c. Pulse width modulation (PWM) method.

13. a. On/Off Method:
 1. In ON/OFF control method, thyristors (i.e. silicon
controlled rectifiers) are used as power switches to
connect/disconnect the circuit of the load to/from the AC
voltage source continuously.
 2. Applications of this method are restricted to heating
and temperature control systems due to the discontinuity
of the power source at low demand levels.

14. b. Phase angle (PA) method :
 i. In PA control method, the output of the AC voltage
controller is regulated by adjusting the firing angles of
SCRs.
 ii. The artificial techniques are utilized to adjust the
motor voltage by varying the firing angles of the
thyristors at certain operating instant of speed and torque
commands.

15. c. Pulse Width Modulation:
 The definition of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is in
the name itself. It means modulating/varying the width of
the pulse (Not the frequency).
 b. Pulse width modulation is a great method of
controlling the amount of power delivered to a load
without dissipating any wasted power.

16. • As the shown in the above diagram, the important thing
to note in a PWM signal is that the time-period and
hence the frequency is always fixed.
• Only the ON time and OFF time of the pulse (duty
cycle) varies. By this technique, we can modulate the
given voltage

17. 7. HBCC SYSTEM
• A single phase inverter is simulated using a very simple
and good method known as hysteresis band current
control.
• This method comes under current controlled modulation
technique of PWM. It is famous for its fast dynamic
response, easy implementation and low cost. It controls
the current level despite of the load condition.

18. 8.SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION PRINCIPLE

19.  Fig. 1 freewheeling stage, the power switch represents a
schematic diagram of the proposed three phase PWM AC
chopper fed an IM.
 The chopper is composed only of four power electronics
switches (S1, S2, S3 and S4) that are illustrated in the
figure.
 The three power switches (S1, S2 and S3) are series-
connected with the motor. While, the power switch (S4)
is parallel-connected via a poly phase bridge rectifier
with the motor.

20.  There are three operating stages: active, freewheeling
and dead time. In dead time period, all four devices are
turned OFF.
 The currents paths of the proposed PWM AC chopper
fed IM in its three operating stages are illustrated by Fig.
 The input filter is composed of three inductors and Y-
connected three capacitors.

21. BLOCK DIAGRAM:

22. 9. CONTROL STRATEGIES OF A SYSTEM:
 The proposed control strategy has three main control
objectives:
a. soft starting,
b. speed control, and
c. input power factor correction (PFC).
 This strategy is depending on the control of the applied
voltage across IM terminals using AC chopper.

23. A. SOFT STARTING MODE :
 The role of the soft starting mode is to generate the
reference value of the supply current in a manner that
limits the starting current of the IM at a preset value.
 The actual current of IM (Im) is measured and its RMS
value is evaluated by RMS detector.
 The command or preset value of the motor current (I ∗
m) and its actual value (Im) are compared.

24. B. SPEED CONTROL MODE:
 There are several methods for controlling the speed of
three-phase IMs.
 These methods can be classified into two main categories
according to the control side of the IM:
a) speed control methods through the stator and
b) speed control methods through the rotor

25. C. PFC CONTROL
 Since PWM AC/AC choppers can only modify the
magnitude of the applied voltage,
 Therefore, the main contribution of the proposed control
strategy is achieving high PF approximately unity as in
case of resistive loads.
 The proposed PFC strategy was implemented during
starting and speed control operating modes of IM drive
while using AC chopper.

26. 10. SIMULATION MODEL
 Simulation model of IM drive without HBCC technique

27.  Simulation model of IM drive with HBCC technique

28. 11. RESULTS
 Case 1: a. Gate pulses at 1500 RPM speed

29. • b. Waveform for source voltage, source current and stator current
at 1500 RPM

30. c. Starting of the motor with proposed PWM AC chopper at
1500 RPM

31. d. Current and Voltage with Input Current FFT Analysis

32. As the implement power factor correction of three phase
PWM AC chopper fed induction motor drive in smooth
continues checking input as a source power factor and load
power factor. Source goes 0.97 and at that time load power
factor is 0.0043. Value as per resulted graph is already
given in specification.
Now different cases, when there is variation in speed is
as given below. According to that we able to know slight
changes in between the value of load power factor as well
as speed graphs and waveforms.This is to be done because
of variation in speed.

33.  There is slight variation in between graphs and
waveforms with variation of speed. Now Table given
below shows the value of source power factor, load
power factor and THD with changing speed.
Case Speed Source PF Load PF THD
1 1500 RPM 0.97 0.0055 0.02%
2 1200 RPM 0.97 0.4726 0.02%
3 1000 RPM 0.97 0.0067 0.02%

34. 12. ADVANTAGES
1.Highly Reliable
2. bi-directional power flow.
3. Almost sinusoidal input current.
4.regulation of input power factor near to unity.
5.Low harmonic distortion of line current (THD
below 5%).
6.adjustment and stabilization of DC-link voltage
(or current).
7.Reduced capacitor (or inductor) size due to the
continues current.
8.Imrove Performance Of Machine.
9.Improves Efficiency
10. Highly Efficient

35. 13. LIMITATIONS:
1. Cost depends on the power electronic components
which are to be installed in a system.

36. 14. APPLICATIONS:
1. Used in domestic and industrial heating
2. Used in Power Electronics.
3. For industrial purpose
4. Used in Drives and different Machineries.
5. Speed control & Soft Starters for IM

37. 15. FUTURE SCOPE :
1.Implementation of digital controllers to control the
power electronic switches present in the device.
2. To study the operation of the devices in mitigating
other voltage problems that occur in power system.

38. 16. CONCLUSION :
1. The main control objective is to correct the input PF
with different operating conditions of the induction
motor drive system.
2.The proposed control strategy uses only two PWM
signals for driving the active switches of the AC chopper.
3.The proposed system is simple, reliable and low cost as
it has only four IGBT switches.

39. 17. REFERENCES:
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43. THANK YOU