Network topology

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Lesson Declaration

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By the end of the lesson, learners will be able to explain:
Computer Network
Network Topology
Different Network Topology
Bus Star
Ring Mesh
Tree

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Bus Topology
A small bus network is shown in the graphic
below.
Workstation
PrinterTerminator

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Bus Topology
Advantages:
1. Very useful for small network.
2. It takes less cost as it requires less cables.
3. It is easy to manage and easy to understand.
4. It can be extended by using BNC Barrel Connector.
5. Repeater can be used to increase signal performance.
1. At a time only one computer can send message.
2. Barrel connector makes the signal weak.
3. Cable breaking at any point cannot be identified easily.
Disadvantages:

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Star Topology
A small star network is shown in the graphic
below.

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Star Topology
Advantages:
1. Large no. of computers can be added by using multiple
hub.
2. Monitoring of network can be done by using intelligent
Hub.
3. Trouble shooting task is simple.
4. The occurrence of failure of one computer in the network
does not create any problem to other computer
performance.
1. Whole networks become out of order if the central point
fails.
2. It requires more cable because every PC is connected to
Hub by using cable.
3. It is expensive.
Disadvantages:

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Ring Topology
A small ring network is shown in the graphic
below.

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Ring Topology
Advantages:
1. Every computer gets equal priority to access the network
as token passes every computer.
2. Network degradation is same for all computer for having
equal priority.
1. Network becomes out of order if any computer fails in the
ring.
2. Troubleshooting task is difficult.
3. Network activities hamper when any computer is added
or removed in the network.
Disadvantages:

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Mesh Topology
A small Mesh network is shown in the graphic
below.

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Mesh Topology
Advantages:
1. Each host has its own connection to every other host.
2. Used in situations where communication must not be
interrupted.
3. It is fault tolerant , i.e if any connection become fails,
computer can communicate.
1. It requires huge amount of cable.
2. It is difficult to install and difficult to manage.
3. Cable breaking at any point cannot be identified easily.
Disadvantages:

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Tree Topology
A small Tree network is shown in the graphic
below.

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Tree Topology
Advantages:
1. It is scalable. Secondary devices allow more devices to be
connected to a central node.
2. Point to point connection of devices.
3. It is more manageable hence easier fault identification
and isolation.
1. Maintenance of the network may be an issue when the
network spans a great area.
2. Since it is a variation of bus topology, if the backbone fails,
the entire network is crippled.
Disadvantages:

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Any Question
?

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Group Work
Group A: Identify different topology.
Group B: Advantage of different topology.
Group C: Disadvantage of different
topology.

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1. What do you mean by network topology ?
2. What do you mean by computer network?
3. Which network topology is Expensive?
Evaluation

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1. What do you mean by network topology ?
2. Write down the advantage and disadvantage of
different topology.
3. Explain the operation of Star Topology with figure?
Home Work

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Message
Precaution
While preparing networking cables for creating computer
networks such as LANs (Local Area Networks) one has to
be very careful and precise.

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