This document provides an overview of geotechnical engineering. It discusses how geotechnical engineering requires integrated knowledge from various fields including geology, material science, mechanics, and environmental engineering. It summarizes the key developments in soil mechanics over time, identifying Karl Terzaghi as the "Father of Soil Mechanics". Finally, it briefly outlines some common geotechnical applications including shallow and deep foundations, retaining walls, sheet piles, tunnels, and earth dams.
2. Geotechnical Engineering
• A Civil engineering deals with
Properties, behavior and use
of Earth Materials In engineering works
• Requires the integrated knowledge from
-Geology
- Material science and testing
- Mechanics and hydraulics
- Environmental science and engineering
• The knowledge and their application is required for
Design • Foundation
• Retaining and earth structures
3.
4.
5.
6. DEVELOPMENT OF SOIL MECHANICS
Before 18th century, no documented / systematic
knowledge.
List of recorded events since 1776.
In 20th century, soil mechanics receives much
attention and disseminated various publications.
An excellent account of earliest documented works
of geotechnical by Skempton (1979).
13. Soil Forming Rocks
• Rock: Outer rocky shell or crust of the earth.
• Igneous Rock : cooled from molten state.
- Eg.: Granite, Diorite, Basalt, etc.
• Sedimentary Rock: deposited from a fluid medium
-Eg.: limestone, sandstone, shale, etc.
• Metamorphic Rock: formed from a pre – existing rock
by the action of heat and pressure.
- Quartzite, Schist, Shate, etc.
14. Geological Cycle
• Modify the earth’s surface.
• Destroy old rocks.
• Create new rocks.
• Add complexity to the ground surface.
• Form soils.
