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Plate Tectonics: The Movement of Earth's Crustal Plates
- 2. Continental Drift ⢠Alfred Wegener â 1912 â All the continents are moving around the earths surface â Not widely accepted till 1950s when evidence of seafloor spreading (magnetic stripes) â Led to current Plate Tectonic Model
- 3. Pangea
- 5. Sea Floor Spreading Towed Magnetometer readings
- 8. Theory of Plate Tectonics Plate Tectonics Plate Boundaries Causes of Plate Tectonics
- 10. What is Plate Tectonics ⢠The Earthâs crust and upper mantle are broken into sections called plates ⢠Plates move around on top of the mantle like rafts
- 12. What is the Lithosphere? ⢠The crust and part of the upper mantle = lithosphere â100 km thick âLess dense than the material below it so it âfloatsâ
- 13. What is the Asthenoshere? ⢠The plastic layer below the lithosphere = asthenosphere ⢠The plates of the lithosphere float on the asthenosphere
- 15. 2 Types of Plates ⢠Ocean plates - plates below the oceans ⢠Continental plates - plates below the continents
- 16. Questions... ⢠What is the theory of plate tectonics? ⢠What is the lithosphere? ⢠What is the asthenosphere? ⢠What is the connection between the two? ⢠What are the two types of plates?
- 17. Plate Boundaries
- 18. Divergent Boundaries ⢠Boundary between two plates that are moving apart or rifting ď ď ⢠RIFTING causes SEAFLOOR SPREADING
- 19. Features of Divergent Boundaries ⢠Mid-ocean ridges ⢠rift valleys ⢠fissure volcanoes
- 25. Convergent Boundaries ⢠Boundaries between two plates that are colliding ď ď ⢠There are 3 typesâŚ
- 26. Type 1 ⢠Ocean plate colliding with a less dense continental plate ⢠Subduction Zone: where the less dense plate slides under the more dense plate ⢠VOLCANOES occur at subduction zones
- 29. Type 2 ⢠Ocean plate colliding with another ocean plate ⢠The less dense plate slides under the more dense plate creating a subduction zone called a TRENCH
- 32. Type 3 ⢠A continental plate colliding with another continental plate ⢠Have Collision Zones: âa place where folded and thrust faulted mountains form.
- 35. Transform Fault Boundaries ⢠Boundary between two plates that are sliding past each other ⢠EARTHQUAKES along faults
- 37. San Andreas Fault, CA
- 38. Questions... ⢠What are the three types of boundaries? ⢠What direction do plates go for each? ⢠Which boundary has a subduction zoneâŚwhat occurs at a subduction zone?
- 40. Convection Currents ⢠Hot magma in the Earth moves toward the surface, cools, then sinks again. ⢠Creates convection currents beneath the plates that cause the plates to move. ⢠Animation
- 42. Questions... ⢠What causes plates to move? ⢠How is a convection current formed? ⢠9mins ⢠http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JmC-vjQGSNM ⢠5 mins ⢠http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hqp_TbIZU64 ⢠The earth 100 million years from now ⢠http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uGcDed4xVD4