1. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Port of Ehoala
Design of Navigation Works
Trevor Elliott, P.Eng.
Brent Sumner, P.E.

2. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Presentation Outline
• Introduction
– Ilmenite export
– Harsh wave environment
• Port Layout
• Navigation Plan
– Design vessels
– Channel alignment
– Design depths & dimensions
• Aids to Navigation
– Range towers (leading lights)
– Beacons
– Buoys
• Closing Remarks
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3. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Introduction – Project Location
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4. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Ilmenite Export
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• Black Sand to White Pigment

5. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Why navigation works are important
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6. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Fausse Baie des Galions (full of reefs)
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7. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Port Layout
• Main Elements
– Breakwater
– Quay
– Dredging &
reclamation
– Navigation works
– Coastal structures
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8. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Design Vessels
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Bulk Carrier 20,000 DWT 60,000 DWT
Length overall (LOA) 155 m [509 ft] 225 m [738 ft]
Beam (B) 23 m [75 ft] 32.2 m [106 ft]
Loaded Draft (T) 9 m [30 ft]
12.7 m [42 ft]
(10 m @ 2/3rd laden)

9. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Channel Alignment
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10. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Dredge Depths
Berth Area Navigation Channel Turning Area
LAT (below MSL) 0.3 0.3 0.3
Loaded Draft 12.7 12.7 10
Gross UKC 2.45 (20%) 3.7 (30%) 2.9 (30%)
Survey Tolerance 0.3 0.3 0.3
MSL DEPTH ‐15.75m [52 ft] ‐17.0m [56 ft] ‐13.5m [44 ft]
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11. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Dimensions
• Departure Channel
– Width based on PIANC (1997)
– Bulkers: poor manoeuvrability
– One-way = 4.5·B
– Width = 150 metres (492 ft)
• Turning Area
– Tug assistance (2 @ 45 tonne bollard pull each)
– 1.5·LOA (ship’s anchor + tugs)
– Diameter = 340 metres (1,115 ft)
• Tested in real-time navigation simulator
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12. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Navigation Simulations - Swept Track Plot
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13. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Aids to Navigation
• Designed to IALA guidelines, Region A
• Principal components
– 4 Range Towers (Leading Lights)
– 6 Fixed Beacons – 1 Special Mark, 5 Lateral Marks
– 5 Lateral Mark Buoys – 2 Can, 3 Nun
– 2 Special Mark Buoys
– 3 Cardinal Buoys
• Port Control Tower
• Evaluated in navigation simulations
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AB

14. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Range Towers
• Two sets of ranges
– Outer on entering bay
– Inner on approach to berth
• Designed to USCG and
IALA guidelines
• Dayboards + leading lights
• Steel monopole and
concrete mat foundation
– Largest tower 47m (154 ft tall)
• Cyclone wind speed
– Gust 241 km/h (130 knots)
• Corrosion protection system
• Aviation safety (light + paint)
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15. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
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R
M
C
W
Range Towers

16. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Fixed Beacons
• Quay structure (3)
– Primary berth
• Manifold - ATEX Zone 2
– Secondary berth
• Groin (1)
• Breakwater (2)
– Roundhead
– Trunk at entrance to
secondary harbor
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17. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Buoys
• Navigation buoys
– Cyclone waves Hs=8m/26ft
– Diameter 2.5m/8ft
– Conventional lantern optics
• Lateral mark buoys (5)
– Located at outer limits of turning
area
– Gated Pair midway either side of
departure channel
– End of turn marking reef
• Cardinal buoys (3)
– 1km opening at center of bay
Mark named side of buoy
• Special mark buoys (2)
– End of dredge pocket
– ATEX Zone 2
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18. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
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Aids to Navigation - Plan

19. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Closing Remarks
• Construction completed July 2009
• Handed over to port operator
• 60 vessels in first 6 months
• Ilmenite export
– Largest: 55,000 DWT bulk carrier
• Fuel delivery
– Largest: 47,000 DWT tanker
– Regional distribution hub
• Container traffic
– Feeder vessels up to 1,100 TEU
• Other
– Patrol boat, oceanographic vessel
– Shiploader delivery vessel
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20. Building on the Past, Respecting the Future
Thank You
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