The Use of Computers and Information Communication Technology in Education.

1. COPPOLA, E. (2005). POWERING UP:
SUPPORTING CONSTRUCTIVIST TEACHING
WITH TECHNOLOGY, NATIONAL
EDUCATIONAL COMPUTING CONFERENCE.
PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

2. Keywords:
constructivism
constructivist teaching
“Enthusiasts such as Seymour Papert (1980) predicted that
computers would allow learners to construct and test
hypotheses about complex systems. Introducing computers into
schools, Papert argued, would radically change the
relationship between teacher and student. Teachers would
need to become interdisciplinary facilitators of student
creativity, readily able to guide learning toward intended
outcomes while creating legitimate space for experimentation”
(Halverson & Smith 2009, p.1).
CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY 2

3. "PITFALLS: THE TRAPS SCHOOLS FALL INTO
WHEN IMPLEMENTING TECHNOLOGY
FOR INSTRUCTION."
"Cosmetic Use"
CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY 3
"Cosmetic use occurs when schools and teachers
feel so pressured to use technology that they
respond by looking like they are using technology”
(p. 2).

4. "Teachers need to decide for themselves how
computers should be placed, so that they can use
them in a way that makes sense given the flow of
instruction" (p. 3).
CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY 4

5. “Teachers are at the center of instructional
practices in schools. Powerful information tools
could help but have significant effects on teaching
practices” (Halverson & Smith 2009, p.5).
CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY 5

6. “The Technological Imperative”
CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY 6
"The technology cannot drive instructional use:
the instructional need must find the technology“
(p. 3).

7. "SOME PEOPLE BELIEVE COMPUTERS CAN
REPLACE TEACHERS, BE MORE EFFICIENT THAN
TEACHERS, INCREASE CLASS SIZE, DECREASE
COST, AND MOTIVATE STUDENTS" (p. 3).
CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY 7
“Romantic Visions”

8. * COMPETING FOR THE TECHNOLOGY.
CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY 8
“COMPETITION DRAIN”
* COMPETING TO SHOW USE OF THE TECHNOLOGY.

9. WOODLAND HIGH SCHOOL:
THE DYNAMICS OF LEARNING AND
ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT.
"Within limits set by course curricula and standards,
these teachers did the difficult intellectual work of
finding technological tools that work for them, trying
them out in their classrooms, revising and polishing those
lessons, and trying again” (p. 4).
CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY 9

10. "The teachers’ learning about technology, then, was
self‐motivated and self‐directed, and well‐supported.
The process led to quality teaching because it
was authentic learning for teachers. Instead of merely
looking like they were using technology, they engaged
in the difficult process of intertwining new tools with
their existing knowledge of pedagogy, subject matter,
and curriculum –
a truly constructivist process” (p. 5).
CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY 10

11. “In other work places, aren’t computers a
tool ready to be used as needed ?” (p. 5)
CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY 11
The problems of Computer labs.

12. RECOMMENDATIONS
* Make technological and material support a
predictable constant.
“Access to computers and stability of the technological
infrastructure was a dependable feature of daily life.
This allowed the teachers to focus on teaching.
Having access and stability as a constant fuels
teachers’ commitment to developing uses for
computers” (p.6).
CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY 12

13. * ACCEPT THAT LEARNING TO INTEGRATE COMPUTERS
TAKES A LOT OF TIME, AND THAT THE BEST USES WILL BE
LOCALLY CREATED.
“Bridging the gap between these progressive islands of
innovation and typical school practices led reformers to
call for widespread professional development
opportunities to help integrate technologies into daily
teaching practices (Office of Technology
Assessment,1995)”(Halverson & Smith 2009, p.2).
CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY 13

14. * UNDERSTAND THAT THE BEST TECHNOLOGY USE WILL
BE ROOTED IN SOUND PEDAGOGY.
KEEP PEDAGOGY FRONT AND CENTER.
“Technology added to a pedagogical approach that is
unsound cannot produce good instruction.
Computer‐based technology –‐ or any other kind of
technology –‐ cannot in and of itself improve instructional
practice. In this study, the pedagogical theory held by the
teacher drove his or her use of technology” (p.7).
CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY 14

15. * URGE TEACHERS TO USE CLASSROOM TECHNOLOGY
THROUGH EXPECTATIONS OF HIGH QUALITY
INSTRUCTION, NOT REQUIREMENTS THAT THEY USE
TECHNOLOGY.
“Good professionals will only adopt technology when they see a
pedagogical reason for doing so… In many schools, an attitude
towards innovation that stresses compliance may lead teachers to
spend energy looking like they are using the computers, when in fact
they are just going through the motions” (p.7).
= “Cosmetic Use”
“
CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY 15

16. * OPEN THE SYSTEM. ACCEPT EXPERTISE.
“ The administration did not attempt to determine the
source of teachers’ ideas and learning; instead, it
supported learning from a very wide range of
sources chosen by the teachers themselves” (p.7).
CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY 16

17. * FINALLY, KEEP IN MIND THAT THE BEST TEACHERS
ARE INTELLECTUALS.
“Material and cultural support for intellectual pursuits ‐‐
among teachers fosters empowerment and creativity: the best
of what they can give in the classroom. These are teachers
who feel empowered to grow by developing innovative
instructional approaches.. Through the respect they receive for
their own capabilities and learning, they grow into strong
teachers, knowledgeable about their subject matter, how to
teach it well, and where and how technology can add power
to their work in the classroom” (p.7). CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY 17

18. * DISCUSSION *
1. In reference to the question posed by Eileen Coppola on
page 5: “In other work places, aren’t computers a tool ready to
be used as needed ?” (p. 5)
A: What will it look like (in terms of placement and use) and
what are the practical implications to having technology at the
ready in classrooms?
B: How can we as teachers make computers & modern ICT a
more efficient tool that can be used on a regular basis to
present information & facilitate students to engage with the
material in a truly constructivist way?
CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY 18

19. CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY 19
2. On page 7, Eileen Coppola states that; “the pedagogical
theory held by the teacher drove his or her use of
technology” (p.7).
A: How does our pedagogical theory influence our use of
technology and ICT in our teaching and how does this impact
on our students learning?
B: How can use of ICT in the classroom impact on teachers
pedagogical theory and practice?

20. CREATED & PRESENTED BY BREANNA DAY
20
CONCLUSION AND FINAL COMMENTS BY BREANNA