PPT on Labeo rohita and boffo

1. 3RD SEM ZOOLOGY PRACTICAL
PROJECT WORK
POWERPOINT PRESETATION ON
1. LABEO ROHITA
2. BUFO

2. 1. Labeo rohita

3. Systematic position
 Kingdom- Animalia
 Phylum- Chordata
 Class- Actinopterygii
 Order- Cyprinidae
 Genus- Labeo
 Species- rohita

4. Distribution
 Fresh water bodies of North
and Central India, Pakistan,
Bangladesh; theTerai region
of Nepal and Myanmar.
 It has been introduced in
many countries, including
Bhutan, Mainland China,
Japan, Madagascar, Malaysia,
Mauritius, Philippines, Sri
Lank,Thailand,Vietnam and
Zimbabwe

5. Habit and Habitat
 Labeo is column feeder at mid water. Prefers to feed
on plant matters including decaying vegetation
(Talwar and Jhingran 1991.)
 Its food comprises crustaceous and insect larvae in
early stages (Mookerjee et al., 1946).
 Labeo rohita takes small percentages of mud which
contains organic matter and various salts.This
species is available throughout Bangladesh. Ponds,
rivers, rivulets are its main habitats (Bhuiyan, 1964).

6. Structure
 Body moderately elongated.
 Dorsal profile more convex than the ventral profile.
 Snout obtuse, projecting over the mouth, without any lateral lobe.
 Eyes are small, not visible from the underside of the head.
 No pores on the snout.
 Mouth small, inferior, lips thick and fringed with a distinct inner fold to each lip.
 Post labial grove continuous.
 A cartilaginous part is covering to inside of both lips.
 A pair of short maxillary barbells is present.
 Body color is back brownish, silvery on sides and beneath.
 Dorsal and abdominal profiles are convex. Caudal peduncle is short.
 Lateral line is complete. Scales are moderate.

7. Importance
Economic Ecological
 Rohu is the most abundant among the
species of Genus Labeo, a commercially
important species and preferred as a food
fish throughout the Bangladesh and other
countries.
 Rui is regarded an excellent game fish and
seems to put up a better fight in a river than
in a tank.
 A number of inter specific and inter generic
hybrids have been produced.
 It is very delicious food and supplies a huge
amount of protein for the people (Rahman,
2005)
 Middle dweller fish species.
Sometimes come to the
surface and bottom layer for
finding food (Bhuiyan, 1964)
 L. Rohita is a column and
bottom feeder and feeds
mainly on plant matter and
decaying vegetation and does
not compete with other carps
for food and space.

8. 2.Bufo

9. Systematic position
 Kingdom: Animalia
 Phylum: Chordata
 Class: Amphibia
 Order: Anura
 Genus: Bufo

10. Distribution
 As traditionally defined, it was a wastebasket genus containing a
large number of toads from much of the world, but
following taxonomic reviews most of these have been moved to
other genera, leaving only seventeen extant (living) species from
Europe, northern Africa and Asia in this genus, including the well-
known common toad (B. bufo).[
 Some of the genera that contain species formerly placed
in Bufo are Anaxyrus (many North American
species), Bufotes (European green toad and
relatives), Duttaphrynus(manyAsian species, including the Asian
common toad introduced elsewhere), Epidalea (natterjack toad)
and Rhinella(many Latin American species, including the cane
toad introduced elsewhere).

11. Habit and habitat
 Toads are mainly found in dry places but can be found in moist
places also, and almost on all the continents except in
Polynesia and the island nation of Madagascar, along with
certain isolated South Pacific islands.They are most abundant
in the tropical regionsThe common toad usually moves by
walking rather slowly or in short shuffling jumps involving all
four legs. Nocturnal, It spends the day under foliage or beneath
a root or a stone where its colouring makes it inconspicuous.
Having no teeth, it swallows food whole in a series of gulps.
They feed on Insects, grubs, slugs, worms, and other
invertebrates. In defence they releases toxins and a bad-tasting
secretion from its skin.These secretions make toads
unattractive as food to most animals. Habit and Habitat

12. Structure
External Internal
The head is broad with a wide mouth
below the terminal snout which has
two small nostrils. There are no teeth.
The skin is dry and covered with small
wart-like lumps. Just behind the eyes
are two bulging regions, the paratoid
glands. They contain a noxious
substance, bufotoxin, which is used
to deter predators. The fore limbs are
short with the toes of the fore feet
turning inwards. There is no external
vocal sac. The females are browner
and the males greyer.
The toad’s nervous system, which consists of its brain,
spinal cord, and nerves, is highly developed. The
toad’s heart consists of two upper chambers,
termed the right and left atrium and a single
lower chamber, which is termed a ventricle.
Whereas tadpoles have 2 chambered heart. Frog
can respire through skin or via simple sac-like
lungs. But Do not possess either a diaphragm or
ribs, Whereas tadpoles have gills for respiration.
Capture prey, which is passed by way of the
esophagus to the stomach. A small intestine,
large digestive glands, gall bladder, pancreas and
liver, make up the remainder of the digestive
system. Both liquid and solid waste leaves the
body through the cloacal vent.

13. Importance of Scoliodon
 Predators and prey in the ecosystem-Toads and frogs are
right in the middle of the food chain and provide a very
efficient transfer of solar energy.They play an important
role in consuming insects and are an important food source
for birds, snakes, and other animals throughout the food
web.
 Pest control-They help control insects that may be
agricultural pests or carry diseases such asWest Nile virus.
 Medicine- Frogs have been used extensively in medical
research, and many Nobel prizes in medicine and
physiology have involved frog studies.