This presentation was provided by Gail Wanner of SirsiDynix, during the NISO event "Collaborative Library Resource Sharing: Standards, Developments, and New Models for Cooperating," held October 7 - October 8, 2008.

1. 1
NISO Conference on Collaborative Resource Sharing
Rethinking Resource Sharing
An Update
Gail Wanner
Resource Sharing Market Manager
October 7, 2008
Abstract
• A new landscape for resource sharing is
emerging and it doesn’t look much like traditional
interlibrary loan.
• Changes in technology and user expectations
have made libraries re-evaluate their policies and
procedures so that users find library resources as
convenient to access as Amazon and other
online vendors.
• This session covers a variety of new approaches
libraries are adopting, testing and considering.
Agenda
• Rethinking Resource Sharing initiative
– Background
– Update on Activities
• Current & future projects
• Focus on IDEAS
It’s Time Again to
Think about Resource
Sharing
A White Paper
published February 2005
By Ted Koppel, Candy Zemon, Brenda Bailey-Hainer,
Mark Needleman & Gail Wanner
Why Rethink?
• User Expectations
• Internet & Technology
• Budgetary Challenges
• Standards process too slow
• ILL has not changed in the past 20 years
– Paper forms or staff
– “Black hole” for users
– Staff intensive, costly service
– Interoperability still challenging
Rethinking’s Main Ideas
“Inspiring Librarians. Empowering People”
– Focus on users not enhancing staff tasks
– Vendor neutral
– Global context
– Broad definition of resource sharing
• ILL
• Consortial borrowing
• Reference
• Digital services
• Delivery
• International focus
• Participants from all types of libraries
– Need more publics and K-12’s

2. 2
Rethinking Activities
• Forums in 2005, 2006 & 2007
• Planning Forum tentatively May 2009
• ALA RUSA Preconference June 2008
• IFLA Satellite Meeting in Boston, Aug 2008
• LOTS of sessions at state/regional library events
• Publications
• Innovation Award Aug 2008
• Small group discussions & working groups
Topics & Highlights
– The user is not broken (libraries are) – K. Schneider
– Social networking, other trends
– Redefining libraries/librarians
– OpenLibrary.org
• Flip Books format
• Scanning machine; $.10 per page
• Find from any search engine
• Partnerships to scan out of copyright items (1923)
• First BPL item scanned that morning; BLC participating
• Supplier for Get-It Button
– Print on Demand
• $1.00 per book
– One Laptop per Child ($100/unit)
– Digital Bookmobile
– Open Content Alliance
Local Chapters forming
• Massachusetts
– Regional Conference
– Ongoing discussions
• Florida
• Australia & New Zealand national delivery project
• South Africa Rethinking Conference
• Informal, ad hoc organization
Related Threads Automation
• Self-service has arrived
– Elf
– Library Thing
– Book club software/groups
• Open Search for web-based access to OPACs
• Open Source promises new workflows and challenges

3. 3
Interlibrary Loan Code for the United States
Explanatory Supplement, Revised 2007
“Technology has expanded accessibility options beyond traditional
library-to-library transactions. Unmediated requests, direct-to-
user delivery, purchase-on-demand options, and increasing full
text availability are exciting developments in resource sharing.
At present, the Interlibrary Loan Code provides guidelines for
established practices. However, libraries and other information
centers are encouraged to explore and use non-traditional
means where available to ensure maximum accessibility and
convenience for users. More information for libraries interested
in new ideas for resource sharing can be found at:
http://www.ala.org/ala/rusa/rusaourassoc/rusasections/stars/stars
sections/committeesa/rrscomm/rrscomm.htm”
Redefining “available”
• Boucher’s ILL Handbook excludes owned or “should have owned”
items, regardless of status
• ILL/DD discussion recently
– Majority said they request if checked out
– “The original rule…dates from a time when ILL service was limited to
faculty & graduate students & when libraries expected to collect
everything their clientele would normally need. Things are different now.”
Pat Markley, Siena College
Full Text Digitization
• Google Scholar
• MS Live Search (abandoned May 2008)
• Open Content Alliance (OCA)
– Brewster Kahle & Boston Library Consortium
– Freely available (not restricted to single search tool)
• Print on demand; post to web for viewing
• Scan on demand
Articles on Social Networking Sites
• BioMed database allows posting articles to
– Cite-U-Like
– Connotea
– Facebook
Statewide Outreach Wyoming Libraries

4. 4
Wyoming Libraries Proposed Add-on
Back to Rethinking Initiative…
• Policies & Cultural Issues
– RUSA STARS Committee
– Manifesto
• User Needs
– Usability studies, input on interop
• Delivery
– New, Valerie Horton Chair
• Marketing
– Logo, publications, FAQ, presentation archive
• Interoperability
– “GetIt!” Button
– Landscape
Policies and Cultural Issues
• Manifesto
– State endorsement
– Translation into various languages
• Collect & publicize success stories
• RRS Wiki will link to www.libsuccess.org
• Prepare talking points/hard questions FAQ
• Contribute to Interlibrary Loan Code for the US
• Liaison with international resource sharing groups
• Gina Persichini, Idaho State Library, Chair
• ALA RUSA STARS Rethinking Resource Sharing Policies
Committee
Policies Manifesto
Minimize restrictions
Options for users
Global access
Encourage sharing among non-library entities
Reference is vital
Fair costs
Easy library registration
Radical Policy Ideas
• Floating collections
• Purchase on demand & give to requester
• User purchases & donates to library
• Direct delivery to patrons from lending library
• 7-day/week deliveries
• No due dates, no overdues
• Automatic renewals unless requested

5. 5
User Needs
• Newly re-formed group
• "Engaging the Community in Rethinking" Project
• Usability studies
• User surveys; non-user surveys
• Input to Interop Group
Delivery Committee
• New
• Lots of interest from Delivery Forum 2006
• Your Library @ Home
• National courier; commercial carriers
• Buy/donate
• Electronic delivery
• Brenda Bailey-Hainer, BCR, Chair
Marketing Committee
• New
• Promote activities of RRS
• Publish articles in library journals
• Bookmarks in delivered items
• Activities for events, speakers, etc.
• Beth Posner, CUNY, chair
Interoperability Group
GET IT!...
Interoperability Issues
• Compiled a list of issues & categorized it
– Interoperability within a single standard
– Interoperability between library standards
– Interoperability with commercial standards
• Common issues were STAFF related
• Solving them would not directly impact USERS
• Leapfrog today’s interoperability issues
GET-IT Button Project
• Improve library visibility for web users
• Modular plug-in for web browsers
– Firefox first (easy)
• Extensible, open source, cross-vendor
• Proof of Concept completed June 2007
• Delays due to legal issues with open source license &
use of commercial websites
• Gail Wanner, SirsiDynix, Chair
• John Bodfish, OCLCPica & Mary Heath, CDL,
engineering leaders

6. 6
GET-IT Diagram
Internet
GET-IT
NCIP Update: Growing
Pains
Candy Zemon, NCIP -IG chair
Despite many current
successful implementations
of both direct consortial
borrowing and self service
applications, NCIP is not yet
as widely used as developers
might wish. There are several
real and pe rceived hurdles
slowing more widespread
adoption. The NCIP
Implementers’ Group spent
its September meeting
addressing those issues.
Eight specific problem areas
formed the agenda of the
three -day meeting.
1. extension mechanism
2. smaller messages
3. DTD/schema
4. transport options
5. reported defects
6. profile structure and
purpose
7. supporting
documentation for
developers and other
interest groups
8. ILL/wider resource
sharing ramifications
Coming out of this meeting
are several specific initiatives
to produce documentation
and examples, to correct a
small number of defects
identified over the last few
Search
Results Profile
Sources
Options
& Terms
Get-It Demo

7. 7

8. 8

9. 9
What’s Next for GETIT!
• Resolve legal issues
– Online bookseller licensing
• Amazon
• Others
– OCLC Open Source license
• Make it available for use as an open source plug-in
• Encourage library-related programmers to continue development
– Work on User Interface
– Profiling for user location & preferences
– Tie in with non-library resources
– Port to other web browsers
Like GetIt!
Check out Book Burro
New Landscape
• Goal: Identify gaps, interoperability roadblocks
• Visual picture of today’s interoperability options
Traditional ILL Workflow Diagram

10. 10
www
Catalogs
DB’s
FIND
GET
Authen-
ticate
Resource
Sharing
Interlibrary
Loan
DELIVERY
HTTP
HTTPS
SIP, NCIP, LDAP,
Kerberos,
proprietary,
Shibboleth, etc.
Z39.50,
OpenURL
HTTP.
HTTPS
NCIP
ISO ILL, GSM
Postal, Commercial Delivery,
Email, Fax, Post, OpenURL,
Ariel, Odyssey, Relais
Request Transfer
Message
Not implemented
Some implementations
Widely implemented
DCB
Doesn’t interoperate
Selective interoperation
Works
HTTP
HTTPS
OpenURL,
proprietary,
Z39.50, etc.
X a standard
X not a standard
www
Pre-FIND: AUTHENTICATE
Authen-
ticate
HTTP
HTTPS
SIP, NCIP, LDAP,
Kerberos, Athena,
RPA., thumbprint,
OpenID, etc.
HTTP
HTTPS Manual,
proprietary
DB’s
HTTP
HTTPS
X a standard
X not a standard
Doesn’t interoperate
Selective interoperation
Works
HTTP,
HTTPS
www
Catalogs
DB’s
FIND
HTTP
HTTPS
Z39.50,
OpenURL
Dublin Core, SQL,
GRS, OAI, XML, etc.
Manual,
ProprietaryHTTP
HTTPSHTTP
HTTPS
Z39.50,
OpenURL
OpenURL,
Proprietary,
Z39.50, etc.
HTTP
HTTPS
Manual,
Proprietary
X a standard
X not a standard
Doesn’t interoperate
Selective interoperation
Works
GET
Resource
Sharing
Interlibrary
Loan
NCIP
ISO ILL, GSM
Request Transfer
Message
DCB
www
HTTP
HTTPS
Manual,
Proprietary
Manual, Proprietary
Manual
Proprietary
X a standard
X not a standard
Doesn’t interoperate
Selective interoperation
Works
For-fee, e-commerce
E-commerce
E-commerce
E-commerce
www
Catalogs
Resource
Sharing
Interlibrary
Loan
DELIVERY
HTTP
HTTPS
OpenURL
NCIP
ISO ILL, GSM
Postal, Commercial Delivery,
Email, Fax, Post, OpenURL,
Ariel, Odyssey, Relais
Request Transfer
Message
DCB
Z39.50
HTTP
HTTPS
Manual
Manual
Manual
HTTP
HTTPS
Manual
HTTP
HTTPS
Not implemented
Some implementations
Widely implemented
Manual
X a standard
X not a standard
Doesn’t interoperate
Selective interoperation
Works
Conclusions
• Overlapping standards exist
– Gap between ISO ILL and NCIP
– Focus is on physical items
• No clear preferred paths; still a maze
• Many non-standard links exist
• Proprietary solutions common
• Interoperability is possible but not always easy
We have lots of work to do on standards
and
implementing them!

11. 11
Next Steps
• Adding more scenarios
– Paths through the landscape
– Barriers to success
• Adding overlay of future, desired landscape
– True interoperability
– Physical and electronic
– Patron-focused
– Standards-based
Future: Standards, WebAPIs, Mashups
• ISO ILL (ISO 10160/10161)
– Reconfirmed 2007
– No enhancements planned
• NISO Circulation Interchange Protocol (Z39.83)
– V. 2 ballot approved
– Huge promise for ILL & ILS interoperability
• Non-Standard User Appliances
– LibraryThing
– LibraryElf
– MyLibrary and social networking sites
Rethinking: How can you help?
• Offer patron-initiated requesting; service to all
• Create/join a regional resource sharing consortium
• Automate staff processes
• Review policies – are they really necessary?
• Consider “radical” changes
– Home delivery
– Floating collections
– Collective collection development
– No due dates; recall item when requested
– Incentives for early return instead of overdue fines
Librarians,
throw off your
policies &
expose your resources!
Dare to Share!!
Resources/Links
Rethinking Resource Sharing
http://www.rethinkingresourcesharing.org
ALA Rethinking Committee
http://www.ala.org/ala/rusa/rusaourassoc/rusasections/
stars/starssections/committeesa/rrscomm/rrscomm.htm
Gail Wanner
Resource Sharing Market Manager, SirsiDynix
gail.wanner@sirsidynix.com