history of skiull development ethiopia

1. A brief Historic development of
skill formation and development
A path taken to modern TVET system
development in Ethiopia

2. Traditional/ancient
times
- Survival skills
- Crafts skills
demonstrated
through
stone hewn
churches and
castles
Classical times
- Desire for
technology and
skills from Europe
by erstwhile
emperors.
- Inspiration for skill
following railway,
telephone, etc..
infrastructures
Pre modern times
-Technology and
skills influx
following fascist
Italian invasion
- Demand for
skilled people
demonstrated
-Establishment of
training institutions
Modern times
- TVET approaches
its apogee in 1988.
- 25 SDCs
established
- Ethio German
TVET
- Qualification
framework, OS
based curriculum
and training became
issues of concern
Recent time.
- Outcome based
TVET strategy
developed in2003
- First TVET act/2004
-Ecbp emerged
.
New TVET strategy
developed in 2008
1850 - 1900 1934 - 1939 1980 –early 2000) 2002 - todate
Ancient times

3. Ancient civilization
Formation of skills demonstrated
through ancient stone hewn obelisks
churches and castles

4. Classical Times – quest for technology and
skills
• Though in vain, desire for technology and skill
training and requested for support from the west -
Emperor Teowdros ( 1855 and 1869)
• indignant use of own hardly gained skills of
indigenous craftsmen .
• Attempt of Emperor Minilik (1889 to 1913) to bring
in technologies – railway, telephone, aviation
water pipe line etc.. from Europe.
• Inspiration and desire for skill training following
these technologies

5. Pre modern times – post invasion
• Beginning of urbanization, creation of small industries, and vehicle
maintenance workshops (1920s)
• Demand for skilled workers during and after invasion
• Beginning of formal training (1930s)
• Students offered technical training in addition to academic education.
• Establishment of skill training institutions.
• Vocational and technical education in comprehensive high schools in
parallel with academic education. 1960 up to 1980.
• 1st study and initiative to assess the status of Ethiopian vocational
training and technical education – ILO/UNESCO

6. The Growing Support of the Government of
Germany: Emergence of ecbp
• The first legislation was formulated in 2004.
• Creation of an ambitious ecbp to promote the private sector in
Ethiopia. Its measures focus primarily on training a skilled labor force
at various levels.
• A corresponding TVET Strategy was adopted in 2008 and a “Technical
and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) Proclamation” adopted
in October 2013.
• Occupational standards, assessment tools, TVET curricula, an e-
learning strategy and models for the promotion of small enterprises
developed
• The first pilot projects in cooperative training
• impacted in different sectors: health and agriculture extension agents,
universal rural road access projects (URAP), rural electricity access,
and urban cobblestone road projects

7. Modern times (1980 – early 2000)
• Technical vocational education and training in Ethiopia approached its
apogee in 1998.
• 17 institutions were established. 10+3
• 25 SDCs established across the nation.
• The 1st national TVET act of 2003/4 issued
• Beginning of Germanys support to TVET in Ethiopia. Ethio – German
TVET programme created as a consequence.
• TVET institutionalized under MoE. The term itself began to be used
nationwide. TVET reform key issues had been conceptualized, and
emerged as core elements of the reform programme.
• Qualification frame work, OS based curriculum and training provision
emerged as a center of concern

8. The beginning of recent
development (2002 – to date)
• The first TVET strategy was formulated in
2003 to embrace the outcome-based TVET
system in the country.
• The strategy was formulated in such a way
that it became an integral part of other
national implementation strategies, such as
the rural development strategy, urban
development strategy, industrial
development strategies

9. History is over
• The TVET system in Ethiopia has undergone a long process of
innovative ideas and reforms in the context of global development in
the field.
• The strengthened support of the German Government has continued
through its “Sustainable Training and Education Programme” (STEP),
which has been contributing significantly to strengthening education
and training endeavors in the country.
• The Ethiopian Government has also continued taking a resolute stand
to realize sustainable social, political and economic development
throughout the country, and the TVET sector has been given a major
role, which is reflected in the GTP II goals. Therefore, it is believed that
many efforts need to be exerted in the future to enable the TVET
system to further contribute to the country’s social, political and
economic development.
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