socio cultural issues in india

1. SOCIO-CULTURALISSUE
ININDIA
BY-BAJRANG KAMUDI
Msc Nursing 1st year
Con jipmer

2. SOCIALISSUESINTHECOMMUNITY
• *SOCIAL ISSUES AFFECTING HEALTH-
• All people, whether rural or urban, have their own beliefs and socio-cultural
practices concerning health and disease. It is now widely recognized that
cultural factors are deeply involved in all the affairs of man, including health
and sickness. Not all customs and belief are bad. Some are based on centuries
of trial and error and have positive values, while others may be useless or
positively harmful.
• Some of these culture, followed by centuries of practice, have stood in the way
of implementing health programmes. Where a change of behaviour was
involved, the resistance of the people were much in accepting new
programme. Information about these factors, i.e. customs, habits, beliefs and
superstitions is still woefully licking. A brief account of the cultural factors
relating to health and sickness as observed in India.

3. Women empowerment
• Definition –
It is the process of awareness and conscientization ,
of capacity building leading to great participation, effective
decision making power and control leading to
transformation action.

4. WORKLOAD OF WOMEN-
• • Majority of labour sustains life growing food, cooking,
rearing children, caring for the elders, maintaining house,
hauling water, but low status and no pay.
• • Women earn only 10% of the world’s income they are
limited to some work- invariably low pay low status positions.
• • Women owns less than 1% of world’s property, where
laws or customs prevent the women from owing land or other
productive assets from getting loans or credit or having the
right to inheritance or to own their home.
• • Women make up 2/3 of the estimated 876 million adults
worldwide who cannot read or write and girls make up to 60%
of 77 million children not attending primary school.

5. INDICATORS OF WOMEN
EMPOWERMENT-
Qualitative indicators
• • Increase self-esteem,
individual and collective
confidence.
• • Increase in articulation,
knowledge, awareness of
health nutrition
reproductive rights, law and
literacy.
• • Increased/ decreased in
personal leisure time for
child care.
• • Increased / decreased
workloads in new program.
• • Change in roles and
responsibility in family and
community
QUANTITATIVE INDICATORS
 Maternal mortality rate.
 Fertility rate
 Sex ratio
 Life expectancy at birth
 Average age of marriage
 Number of women participating in
different development programme.
 Visible change in physical health
status and nutritional level.
 Changes in literacy and enrolment
levels.
 Reduction of IMR

6. WOMEN & CHILD ABUSE
Violence that involves the intent by the partner to intimidate,
either by threat or by use of physical force on her person, her
children, and/or her property.
The purpose of the assault is to control her behavior . The
perpetrator accomplishes this by the inducement of fear

7. CAUSE OF WOMENAND CHILDABUSE
CHILD ABUSE
immaturity
unrealistic expectations
emotional problems
economic crisis
lack of parenting
knowledge
difficulty in relationships
 Child labor
other mental health
problem
Child trafficking
WOMEN ABUSE
• DRUG ADDICT HUSBAND
• POVERTY
• BROKEN FAMILY
• CUSTOMS

8. AGENCIES
CRY FOUNDATION
NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR
PROTECTION OF CHILD HEALTH
PROTECTION FO CHILD RIGHT ACT-2005
KATHA 1988
MINISTRY OF WOMEN AND CHILD
DEVELOPMENT

9. Elder abuse
• Definition
• Is a single, or repeated act, or lack of a single or
repeated act, or lack of appropriate action,
occurring within any relationship where there is
an expectation of appropriate action, occurring
within any relationship where there is an
expectation of trust which causes harm or
distress to an older person.

10. TYPES OF ABUSE
PHYSICAL
PSYCHOLOGICAL/ EMOTIONAL
FINANCIAL ABUSE
SEXUAL
NEGLECT
RIGHT ABUSE
SELF NEGLECT
ABANDONMENT

11. AGENCIES IN INDIA
HELP AGE INDIA (Tamaraikulum Elders
village)
Abhoy mission( sponsor a Grandparents
program)
Asha kiran
Age well foundation

12. FEMALE FETICIDES
• Female foeticide is the selective abortion of the girl child in
the womb itself, done deliberately by the mother, after the
detection of the child's gender through medical means.

13. CAUSE OF FEMALE FETICIDE
POVERTY
DOWRY SYSTEM
UMARRIED MOTHER
LACK OF MATERNAL SERVICE
POSTOARTUM DEPRESSION
ADVANCEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY
WANTING OF MALE CHILD
CORRUPTION
CONSEQUENCES-
- Difficult in finding girls for marriage
- Girls trafficking

14. Commercial sex workers
• A sex worker is a person who is employed in the sex industry.
The term is used in reference to all those in all areas of the sex
industry including those who provide direct sexual services as
well as the staff of such industries.
• REASONS –
• Unemployment
• Substance abuse
• Devadasi
• Culture
• Lack of sex education
• Sale by parents and husband

15. Laws
• The immoral traffic prevention act (ITPA) 1956
• THIS ACTS RECOMMENDATION-
• Permits soliciting sex workers
• Punishment for human traffickers enhanced to
10 years imprisonment and 1 lakh fine.
• Provide for confiscation of property worth over 3
lakh, owned by the traffickers and agents.
• Suggests increased involvement of the NGO’s in
assisting the police.

16. DRUG ABUSE
When a drug is taken for non-medical purposes, in a dosage or
in a frequency that goes against the pharmacological norms it
amounts to drug abuse.
• CAUSE OF ABUSE-
• Experimental basis
• Escape from unpleasant situations
• Just for fun or change
• Loneliness
• Peer pressure
• Mental disorder
• Family history

17. FOOD ADULTERATIONS
• DEFINITIONS-
It is the act of intentionally debasing the quality of food offered for sale
either by mixing or substitution of inferior substances or by the removal
of some valuable ingredients
COMMONLY ADULTERATED ITEMS IN INDIA;
1. MILK
2. TEA/ COFFEE
3.VEGETABLES
5. SWEETS
6.HONEY
7.DAL

18. LAWS
• Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954
• It regulated the laws of the food industry along with six other
laws –
• The Fruit Product Order of 1955
• The Meat Food Products Order of 1973
• The Vegetable Oil Products (Control) Order of 1947
• The Edible Oils Packaging (Regulation) Order of 1998
• The Solvent Extracted Oil, De oiled Meal, and Edible Flour
(Control) Order of 1967
• However due to the changing needs of the food industry, the
food safety and standards act was introduced in 2006

19. • KEY FEATURES OF THE FOOD SAFETY AND STANDARDS ACT
• 1) PACKAGING AND LABELLING
• 2) SIGNAGE AND CUSTOMER NOTICE
• 3) LICENSING REGISTRATION AND HEALTH AND SANITARY
PERMITS
• PROVEN ADULTERATION-
• 1.Causing imprisonment for 6 months and fine 1000 rupees.
• 2. Deaths or Hurts; life imprisonment, and fine 5000/-

20. BEGGARY
• DEFINITION-
 Soliciting or receiving money, clothes or other things ordinarily given
to a beggar, in a public place whether or not by singing, dancing,
fortune telling, performing or offering any article for sale.

21. REASONS
• PHSYSIAL FACTORS
• ECONOMIC FACTORS
• SOCIAL FACTORS
• NATURAL CALAMITIES
• PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS

22. UNEMPLOYMENT
• Unemployment, according to the Organisation for Economic
Co-operation and Development, is when persons above a
specified age are not in paid employment or self-employment
and are currently available for work during the reference
period.
• Unemployment Rate in India 2018
About 31 million or 3.8 percent of India’s population is
unemployed, according to figures released for 2017 by World
Bank.

23. CAUSE
USE LESS EDUCATIONAL DEGREE
RELUCTANCE TO RELOCATE
PREFERENCE OF GOVT JOBS
STIGMAS AND CASTE SYSTEM
GENDER INEQUALITY IN INDIA

24.  SOCIO CULTURAL ISSUES
CASTE SYSTEM
ISSUES RELATED TO WOMEN
GENDER DISCRIMINATION
DOWRY SYSTEMCOMMUNALISM

25. CONCEPTOF DISEASE
SUPERNATURAL
•Wrath of god
•Breach of taboo
•Past sins
•Evil eye
•Spirit or ghost
intrusion
PHYSICAL
• EFFECT OF WEATHER
• IMPURE WATER
• IMPURE BLOOD

26. BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Kamalam, S. Essentials in community health nursing practices.
2nd ed., jaypee brother medical publishers, 2015. Pp19-29, pp.
473- 477
• Kasthuri Rs ‘community health nursing’ 4th ed , 2004,
published by B.i publishers.
• K. PARK , ‘Text book of preventive and social medicine’ 25th
edition published by M/S Bhanot publishers.