This document discusses the link between diabetes and iron. It provides background on diabetes, noting that the number of diabetes cases is rising significantly worldwide. There are three main types of diabetes. The document also discusses the two types of iron (heme and non-heme), their sources, and absorption. Several studies have found an apparent relationship between iron metabolism and type 2 diabetes, with higher iron stores increasing the risk and iron depletion being protective against type 2 diabetes. The conclusion drawn is that higher iron stores seem to increase the risk of type 2 diabetes in healthy women, and heme-iron intake from red meat is associated with type 2 diabetes risk, while heme-iron from non-red meat is not linked to diabetes.

1. Anthony Convers
Aurélien Touzet

2. Summary
 Introduction
 Diabetes
 Iron in our alimentation
 Diabetes and iron
 Conclusion

3. Introduction
 Diabetes: Too much sugar in the blood
 Iron: Chimical element present in our blood
 Problematic: Is there a link between diabetes and iron ?

4. Diabetes
 1998 : 143 Millions
 2025 : 300 Millions
 Every 8 seconds = death because of diabetes
 3 types of diabetes

5.  What is diabetes type 1?
 No production of insulin
 Called « the insulin needed group »
 Usually diagnosed in children
 Affected by heredity
 Patient needs insulin to survive !

6.  What is diabetes type 2?
 Most common
 Pancreas is less effective
 Usually diagnosed in adults but …
 Associated with obesity

7.  What is the gestational diabetes ?
 Blood level is high during the pregnancy
 If baby = 4 Kg then the mother is diabetic (type 2)

8.  Symptoms
 The same for diabetes type 1 and type 2:
 Urination
 Nausea
 Always hungry
 Always thirsty
 Blurry vision
 Skin infection
 Sometimes, no symptoms!

9.  How to prevent ?
 Eating healthier
 Doing sport
 Listening to the doctor
 No smoking

10.  How does diabetes attack body ?
 Skin
 Kidneys
 Eyes
 Arteries
 Increase the bad cholesterol

11.  In France ?

12.  Percentage of diabetic people in 2006

13. Diabetes increase with age ?

14. The types of iron
 2 types of iron
 Heme-iron
 Non-heme-iron

15. Heme iron
 Found in animal food
 Red meat
 Fish
 Poultry

16. Non-heme iron
 Found in plant food
 Lentils
 Beans
 Spinach

17.  Vitamin C helps absorb non-heme iron
 Calcium, tannin (found in tea) and phytates (found in
beans) inhibit absorption of non-heme iron

18. Recommended Daily Allowances
for iron
 Adult male: 8mg/day
 Postmenopausal woman: 8mg/day
 Pre-menopausal woman: 18mg/day

19. Link between diabetes and iron
 Apparent relation between iron metabolism and type 2
diabetes
 High iron store = higher chance of type 2 diabetes
 Iron depletion = protective against type 2 diabetes

20. Conclusion of different studies
 Higher iron stores seem to increase the risk of type 2
diabetes in healthy women
 Heme-iron intake from red meat sources is associated
with the risk of type 2 diabetes
 Heme-iron from non-red meat sources is not linked to
diabetes