Nutrition and Aging (Presented by Carmen Blanco, Greenville SC)Carmen Blanco
As we age, so do our dietary needs both in terms of macronutrients (proteins/carbs/fats) and micronutrients (vitamins/minerals). The following is a presentation on common nutrient deficiencies in older adults.
Nutrition in older age. Adequate nutrition, especially in older age, aids in the maintenance of health and in decreasing the onset of chronic diseases, contributes to vitality in everyday activity, to energy and mood and helps in maintaining functional independence.
Nutrition and Aging (Presented by Carmen Blanco, Greenville SC)Carmen Blanco
As we age, so do our dietary needs both in terms of macronutrients (proteins/carbs/fats) and micronutrients (vitamins/minerals). The following is a presentation on common nutrient deficiencies in older adults.
Nutrition in older age. Adequate nutrition, especially in older age, aids in the maintenance of health and in decreasing the onset of chronic diseases, contributes to vitality in everyday activity, to energy and mood and helps in maintaining functional independence.
Eat and drink two to four servings of dairy products and calcium-rich foods a day. Calcium is found in dairy products, fish with bones (such as sardines and canned salmon), broccoli, and legumes. Aim to get 1,200 milligrams per day. Pump up your iron
What A women needs through stages in Life via NUTRITION?Ryan Fernando
A brief presentation of the requirements for nutrition throughout the different phases in life. Ryan Fernando presents to college students at Madina College of Nutrition in Hyderabad.
Every women wants to be healthy & fit
Optimum weight is one of the important component of health & fitness
Here in this Slide share Dr. Laxmi Shrikhande shares some important points about Weight management in Menopause.
Good nutrition for women starts with a well-rounded diet consisting of whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, healthy fats, and lean sources of protein. In addition, women have specific vitamin and mineral requirements throughout their lifespan to promote good health. This program will cover establishing good nutrition habits that will provide women with plenty of energy and the means for lifelong weight control.
Eat and drink two to four servings of dairy products and calcium-rich foods a day. Calcium is found in dairy products, fish with bones (such as sardines and canned salmon), broccoli, and legumes. Aim to get 1,200 milligrams per day. Pump up your iron
What A women needs through stages in Life via NUTRITION?Ryan Fernando
A brief presentation of the requirements for nutrition throughout the different phases in life. Ryan Fernando presents to college students at Madina College of Nutrition in Hyderabad.
Every women wants to be healthy & fit
Optimum weight is one of the important component of health & fitness
Here in this Slide share Dr. Laxmi Shrikhande shares some important points about Weight management in Menopause.
Good nutrition for women starts with a well-rounded diet consisting of whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, healthy fats, and lean sources of protein. In addition, women have specific vitamin and mineral requirements throughout their lifespan to promote good health. This program will cover establishing good nutrition habits that will provide women with plenty of energy and the means for lifelong weight control.
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This presentation is only to be accessed by people who have attended the presentation or a one to one consultation with Yvonne Bishop-Weston. Please do not re-produce in any format and please note that the content is not a substitute for medical advice and to check with your GP especially if you are taking any medications or have any health conditions. For one to one consultations with Yvonne in person or via Skype or phone please see ...........
Hippocrates wisely stated back in 400 BC, “Let food be your medicine and medicine be your food”. Modern research has validated this doctrine. The science of nutrition is dedicated to learning about foods that the human body requires at different stages of life in order to meet the nutritional needs for proper growth, as well as to maintain health and prevent disease. A baby is born with a very high requirement for energy and nutrient intake per unit of body weight to provide for rapid growth. The rate of growth is the highest during the first year and declines slowly after the age of two, with a corresponding decrease in nutrient and energy requirements. During puberty, however, nutritional requirements increase sharply until this period of fast growth is completed. Adulthood begins at about the age of fourteen or fifteen for girls, and eighteen or nineteen for boys. An adult individual needs to balance energy intake with his or her level of physical activity to avoid storing excess body fat. Dietary practices and food choices are related to wellness and affect health, fitness, weight management, and the prevention of chronic diseases such as osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and diabetes. Nutrition describes the processes by which all of the food a person eats are taken in and the nutrients that the body needs are absorbed. Good nutrition like Pugos Nutrition can help prevent disease and promote health.
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Bradley Joseph Mancuso - Explaining what is Balanced Diet ?bradleyjoseph8
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THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Mammalian Pineal Body Structure and Also Functions
Nutrition in aged olasupo
1. NUTRITION IN AGED
BCH 815 – FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY
PRESENTED BY : OLASUPO ABISOLA O.
DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTY
COVENANT UNIVERSITY, NIGERIA
2. INTRODUCTION
NUTRITION can be defined as the intake of food
considered in relation to the body’s dietary needs.
OLD AGE is best defined as age of retirement that is
60 years and above.
Nutrition for old age is known as Geriatric Nutrition.
Aging brings physiological, psychological and
immunological changes which influences their nutritional
status.
GOOD NUTRITION = BALANCED DIET + REGULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES
3. Geriatrics: the branch of the medicine
dealing with health problems of the
elderly i.e. delaying the onset of
severely degenerating aspects of aging
and treating the disease of the aged.
Gerontology: Broad area of science
concerned with all the psychological,
social, economic, physiological and
medical problem of elderly.
INTRODUCTION
4. CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH AGEING
SOCIO-PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
Loss of Teeth
Decreased Neuromuscular co-
ordination
Impaired hearing and failing
vision
Diminished sense of taste and
smell
Anorexia
Physical discomfort
Change in cardiovascular system
Change in renal functions
Change in respiratory functions
Change in skeletal tissues
PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
Food Habit
Economic aspects
Loneliness
Depression
Anxiety
Lack of nutritional
knowledge
Loss of self- esteem
Loss of independence
6. NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR AGED/ELDERLY
CARBOHYDRATES
PROTEINS
LIPIDS
MINERALS
VITAMINS
WATER (FLUID)
7. Energy requirements decline with increasing age but
it is essential that the nutrient density of the diet
remains the same.
Reduced physical activity = Increased fatty tissues
Energy requirements is specific to a person, Someone
who is underweight requires an increase in energy
intake and conversely an overweight elderly person
requires a decrease in energy intake.
ENERGY
8. Carbohydrate requirement should be reduced
225-335 grams of carbohydrates daily.
45% - 50% energy should be derived from
carbohydrate.
Serves as fuel and energy giving food
Helps in brain and cellular functions
CARBOHYDRATES
9. PROTEIN
Increased dietary protein intake stimulates muscle protein
synthesis, which leads to an improvement in lean muscle
mass, strength and function.
0.75-0.8g of protein per kilogram of body weight
Inadequate levels of protein may lead to edema, anemia,
and low resistance to infections.
Good sources of dietary protein include; Milk, fish, meat,
Eggs, cheese, legumes and pulses(peas & beans) etc.
10. Recommended limit of fat intake is 15 - 30% of total calories.
Aged people should consume less than 300 mg of cholesterol a day
Most fat should come from monounsaturated or polyunsaturated
sources (for instance fish, nuts, canola and olive oils and
spreads.
Importance in the retina, central nervous system and fat –
soluble vitamins.
LIPIDS
11. MINERALS
CALCIUM – Calcium supplements are required at 800mg
per day
Bone loss is as a result of ageing. It helps to
decrease risk of fracture
Main sources of Calcium are: milk, okra, cheese, soya
drink etc.
IRON – the recommended dietary allowance is at least
8mg per day
Iron loss could be as a result of chronic diseases.
Sources of Iron are: Spinach, fluted pumpkin, tomato
puree etc.
ZINC – 8mg per day
Deficiency causes delayed wound healing, anorexia and
decreased taste sensitivity.
Foods high in Zinc are: nuts, diary products, soy
products, meat etc.
12. VITAMINS
VITAMINS C
Aids Iron absorption.
Also helps in reducing oxidative damage.
VITAMINS D
Improves bones and reduces fracture risks.
Aids absorption of Calcium.
VITAMINS B6
Helps in the development of the brain and nervous system.
Boosts the immune system and reduces risk of liver
dysfunction.
13. WATER
-Very important in the lives of
every human.
- 6-8 cups daily
-Prevents dehydration
- Reduction or low intake could
lead to decreased or absent
urine output.
