The document summarizes the key components of the endocrine system. It discusses that the endocrine system consists of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate various bodily functions. It then provides details on the major endocrine glands - the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal gland, pancreas, thymus gland, and pineal gland. For each gland, it identifies the hormones produced and their roles in maintaining homeostasis and other physiological processes in the body.

1. Endocrine System
A JOURNEY TO CHEMICAL FACTORY.
By Ashish Sengar
(B pharm 2nd year )
DONT WATSE YOUR TIME IN THINKING ABOUT RESULT .
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Reference– Tortora,Ross and Wilson
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2. INTRODUCTION
1-Endocrine glands are
ductless glands which secrets
hormone direct into
bloodstream
2-It is consists of number of glands all over the
body .
The endocrine system is a system in the body
that play important role in hormone
production

3. Function of endocrine system
 It is responsible for the growth and development of the human body
 It plays most important role in homeostatis
 It is helpful in regulating metabolism of our body
 It place important role in reproduction also
 It also place an important role in respond to the stimuli in nervous system
 It also place important role in maintenance of carcadian Rhythm and blood
pressure

4. Hormones
 Hormones are chemicals that essentially function as
messenger of the body
 The Chemicals released by endocrine glands are
known as hormone
 Harmons control many physiological functions as well
as psychological helps
 These Chemicals combinely work for the homeostatis
of the body
 These hormones are synthesized in our glands and
travels to a specific location inside the body to work.

5. Glands
Endocrine system is
consists of
following glands
 Pitutary gland
 Pineal gland
 Thyroid gland
 Parathyroid gland
 Adrenal gland
 Thymus Gland
 Pancreas

6. Pitutary Gland
Anterior pitutary
 TSH– (Thyroid stimulating hormone) =
It help in synthesis of T3 and T4.
 FSH-(Follicle stimulating hormone) =
1. It initiate the development of ovaries.
2. It stimulate the cell to secrete estrogen
 LH-(Lutenizing hormone)=
1. It Triggers ovulation .
Posterior pitutary
It does not synthesize but it only Store
hormones
 Oxytocin=it functions in mother uterus
and breast.
 Anti-Direutic/Vasopressin=it controls the
urine production
1. It is also known as master gland of our body,because it controls other glands
2. It is classified into two types one is interior and another is posterior
3. The hormone secreted by them are described as

7. • Prolactin =
• it helps in milk production
• In excess amount it can
cause skin darkning
. HGH-(human growth
hormone) =
• help in growth and body
development

8. Pineal Gland
This is the smallest endocrine gland ,which is located
with behind the third ventricle of the brain
It releases two hormones ---
• Melanin- it is responsible for maintaining the
crarcadian rhythm (sleep awake cycle)
• Serotonin- It is responsible for mood, sleep, digestion,
nausea, wound healing, bone health, blood clotting and
sexual desires of an individual.

9. Thyroid Gland
• The thyroid gland is a vital hormone gland of butterfly shaped. It plays a major
role in the metabolism, growth and development of the human body
• It releases hormones like T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (tetraiodothyronine) and
Calcitonin
• These hormones play an important role in regulation of your weight, energy
levels, internal temperature, skin, hair, nail growth, metabolism while
calcitonin maintains the calcium level

10. Parathyroid Gland
 It is located just behind thyroid gland and are about the size of grain and 4
in number.
 Parathyroid glands produce parathyroid hormone, which plays a key role
in the regulation of calcium levels in the blood. Precise calcium levels are
important in the human body, b/c small changes can cause muscle and
nerve problems.
Adrenal Gland
 Adrenal glands, also known as suprarenal glands, are small,
triangularshaped glands located on top of both kidneys.
 Adrenal glands produce hormones that help to regulate your metabolism,
immune system, blood pressure, response to stress and other essential
functions.

11. Hormones Of Adrenal Gland
 The adrenal glands make the hormones---
 Cortisol- it regulates blood sugar level muscle strength and blood
pressure.
 Adrenaline- adrenaline release into the body during times of stress
or danger.
 Aldosterone-it is responsible for maintaining the salt and water
balance in the body.
 Norepinephrine-It is helpful in nerve signaling and also k/a
noradrenaline.
 Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-DHEA helps produce other
hormones, including testosterone. and estrogen. Natural DHEA
levels peak in early adulthood and then slowly fall as your age.
Any Query?
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12. Thymus Gland
• The thymus is located in the upper front
part of the chest, behind the sternum, and
in front of the heart.
• It is made up of two lobes, each consisting
of a central medulla and an outer cortex,
surrounded by a capsule.
• This only gland has both immune and
endocrine functions.
• It starts decreasing it’s function and size
after an age in older adults.

13. Thymus Hormones
 The thymus produces several hormones. Most notably, it produces thymosin,
which stimulates T cell (CD4) production.
 thymus also synthesizes hormones such as insulin and melatonin.
 Some researcher says that T lymphocytes are matured in thymus to fight from
foreign body but actually synthesized in bone marrow.
PANCREAS=
 It act as both endocrine and exocrine gland .
 It is located in the abdominal cavity behind the stomach.
 pancreas makes pancreatic juices called enzymes. These enzymes break
down sugars, fats, and starches.
 Insulin and glucagon are to major hormones produced by them

14. Pancreas Hormones
Pancreatic islets of langerhans-(It is a group of cells inside
pancreas including α,β,Δ and F-cells )
It releases many hormones like
 Glucagon- It is released by α cell and increase the
glucose level in blood
 Insulin- it is released by β cell and controls random blood
sugar
 Somatostatis- It is secreted by Δ (delta) cell and inhibits
the secretion
 Pancreatic polypeptide - (by F-cell) main function as an
important feedback inhibitor of pancreatic secretion after
a meal
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15. THANK YOU TO LISTENING
ME
 Reference Book - TORTORA AND ROSS AND WILSON
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