Mining Activity and Investment Opportunity in Myanmar.pptx
Atmospheric Structure and Composition
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3. The Earth’s atmosphere is a thin envelope of gases
surrounding the solid planet, the hydrosphere, and biosphere.
The composition of the atmosphere consists largely of two
elements, oxygen and nitrogen.
The atmosphere also contains chemicals which absorb heat
from the Earth’s surface and radiate it in all directions
including back to the surface.This results in the greenhouse
effect that keeps the planet warm enough to sustain life.
7. Chemical Components of theAtmosphere
Component Chemical abbreviation Volume % (dry air)
Nitrogen N2 78.08
Oxygen O2 20.98
Argon
a
Ar 0.93
Carbon dioxide CO2 0.039
Neon
a
Ne 0.0018
Helium
a
He 0.0005
Hydrogen H 0.00006
Krypton
a
Kr 0.0011
Xenon
a
Xe 0.00009
Methane CH4 0.0017
Ozone
b
O3 0.00006
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10. • Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere. Air is
composed of 78 percent nitrogen
• Nitrogen gas is not highly reactive with other molecules in the
atmosphere and is mainly present in air as N2. Nitrogen’s unreactive
behavior results from the powerful triple bonds that form between
the three pairs of electrons shared between two nitrogen atoms.
• Nitrogen becomes more reactive at higher temperatures
• Nitrogen is important to all organisms because it forms the basis of
many compounds necessary for life. Proteins, enzymes, hormones
and chlorophyll all contain nitrogen.
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17. • The tropopause is the area of the atmosphere where the
temperature stops cooling and starts warming