Science 7 - 4th Quarter

1. Unit 4
Module 2
SOLAR ENERGY AND
THE ATMOSPHERE
ARCHIE A. DURAN

2. In this module…
Let’s talk about the invisible blanket where all
weather events happen.
ATMO-air
SPHERE-round like a ball

3. LAYERS OF
THE
ATMOSPHERE

5. TROPOSPHERE
layer closest to Earth’s
surface
part of the atmosphere where
animals and plants live
temperature just above the
ground is hotter than the
temperature high above.

6. TROPOSPHERE
weather occurs in the
troposphere because this
layer contains most of the
water vapor (clouds and
storms)
air in the troposphere is
constantly moving
JET STREAM

7. STRATOSPHERE
layer of air that extends
to about 50 km from
Earth’s surface
air flows in a horizontal
direction

8. STRATOSPHERE
very little water vapor
This is where the
ozone layer is found
temperature
increases with height

9. MESOSPHERE
 layer between 50
km and 80 km
above the Earth’s
surface
air in this layer is very
thin and cold

10. MESOSPHERE
coldest region of the
atmosphere
temperature decreases
with height
meteors or rock
fragments burn up in
the mesosphere.

11. THERMOSPHERE
between 80 km
and 500 km above
the Earth.
topmost part of the
Earth’s atmosphere
ionosphere

12. THERMOSPHERE
 space shuttles fly in this
area and it is also where
the auroras are found.
 Auroras are caused when
the solar wind strikes
gases in the atmosphere
above the Poles.
 Why can we not see auroras
in the Philippines?

13. EXOSPHERE
the upper limit of
our atmosphere
composed primarily
of hydrogen and
helium

14. EXOSPHERE
this layer of the
atmosphere merges
into space
satellites are
stationed in this
area, 500 km to 1000
km from Earth.

15. The ATMOSPHERE
composed of different gases
78% Nitrogen
21% Oxygen
0.9% Argon
0.03% Carbon dioxide
0.07% other gases

16. The ATMOSPHERE
Provides necessary gases to sustain life
Keeps the temperature warm enough for
life to continue
Transports energy and water over the
face of the Earth

17. Protects us from harmful
ultraviolet radiation
Shields us from the bombardment
of meteoroids, asteroids and
other objects from outer space

18. Invisible Blanket
Without Earth’s invisible blanket,
Surface temperature would be very cold
Large meteoroid may hit the planet
Sunsets would never have brilliant colors
Life as we know it would be
impossible

20. What is
Greenhouse
Effect?

24. greenhouses allow sunlight to
enter but prevent heat from
escaping
air warmed inside is retained in
the building by the roof and wall

25. the Earth’s atmosphere is
compared to a greenhouse
it contains trace gases
the trace gases have similar effect
on the Sun’s rays like the glass in a
greenhouse

26. Greenhouse Effect
natural process
the process by which the Earth’s
atmosphere warms up
trace gases are referred to as
greenhouse gases

28. Greenhouse Gases
water vapor
carbon dioxide
aerosols (particles suspended in the air)
clouds
nitrous oxide
methane
CFC
ozone (tropospheric)

29. Sources of Greenhouse
Gases
people and animals

30. Sources of Greenhouse
Gases
volcano
animal manure (methane)
ozone in the troposphere

31. Which fossil fuel
has the highest
contribution to
carbon dioxide
concentration in
the atmosphere?

32. Enhanced
Greenhouse
Effect

33. Enhanced
Greenhouse Effect
human activities (carbon dioxide)
increased as much as 30% in 200
years
burning of fossil fuels (greatest
contributor)

34. Is Earth Getting
Warmer?

35. more carbon dioxide makes the
atmosphere thicker
more heat cannot return back into
space.
more heat trapped by the carbon
dioxide means a warmer Earth.

36. Global Warming
increase in temperature of
the Earth
global means all countries
and people around the
world are affected.

37. Effects of Global
Warming
human health
melting glaciers will raise sea
levels
occurrence of more violent
storms

38. Effects of Global
Warming
extinction of species
decreased food production
increased susceptibility to forest
fires