1. 1. The Group 8A elements are also known as inert gases for each of the reasons below except<br />they do not participate in chemical reactions<br />they have 8 electrons in their valence shell<br />they possess stable arrangements of electrons<br />they possess very attractive electrons<br />2. Atoms are considered stable and unreactive when they<br />tend to gain electrons<br />resist changes in electron arrangements<br />loose electrons<br />tend to lose electrons<br />3. When sodium metal reacts with chlorine gas to form sodium chloride, each sodium atom will<br />gain 7 electrons<br />gain 1 electron<br />lose 1 electron<br />neither gain nor lose electrons<br />4. Ionic compounds form between<br />Metal elements<br />Non-metal elements<br />Elements from opposite sides of the periodic table<br />Hydrogen and non-metals<br />5. The calcium atom tends to _______and form_________<br />Gain 1 electron, 1- ion<br />Gain 2 electrons, 2- ion<br />Lose 1 electron, 1+ ion<br />Lose 2 electrons, 2+ ion<br />6. Covalent bonding<br />occurs between ions possessing inert gas configurations in their outer electrons<br />rarely occurs in simple molecules<br />is the principal way for atoms to bond<br />is present in sodium chloride, NaCl<br />7. Covalent bonds form from the<br />sharing of electrons of neighboring atoms<br />transferring of electrons<br />removal of electrons from the valence shell<br />addition of electrons to the valence shell<br />8. A covalent bond is made up of<br />a pair of electrons<br />three electrons<br />three nuclei and 4 electrons<br />inert gases<br />9. Which of the following compounds is ionic?<br />CO<br />H2O<br />KBr<br />CCl4<br />10. Which of the following compounds is covalently bonded?<br />NaCl<br />SO2<br />CsF<br />Al2O3<br />11. The purpose of Lewis structures is to<br />honor G. N. Lewis, a famous early twentieth century chemist<br />provide a way of visualizing the location of valence electrons within compounds<br />diagram the atomic arrangements of gases<br />graph all the electrons in molecules<br />12. The structure of covalently bonded carbon dioxide has<br />two double bonds<br />a single and triple bond<br />two single bonds<br />and single and a double bond<br />13. Ammonia, NH3, is a covalently bonded molecule with<br />three single bonds<br />three single bonds and a lone pair<br />a double bond and two single bonds<br />a triple bond and three lone pairs<br />14. Lewis structures aid the chemist to visualize <br />proton arrangements within ionic compounds<br />electron arrangements within covalent compounds<br />proton arrangements within covalent compounds<br />electron arrangements within ionic compounds<br />15. Covalent bonding results from<br />sharing of electrons among atoms<br />single only<br />another term for ionic<br />found only in molecules<br />16. Atoms of carbon and silicon usually form covalent bonds because they each have<br />six valence electrons<br />four electrons in the outer shell<br />typical metallic behavior<br />sources in the natural world<br />