FABRICATION OF PVA-BASED PHANTOMS FOR ULTRASOUND ELASTOGRAPHY TECHNIQUES AT Indian institute of technology gandhinagar Gujarat

2. •MOHMAD AQIB MIR
PRESENTED
BY
•DR.KARLA
P.MERCADO-
SHEKHAR
SUPERVISOR

3. CONTENTS
•INTRODUCTION
•IMPORTANCE
•METHODS

4. ❑
❑
.
INTRODUCTION

5. Tissue-mimicking phantoms play an important
role in the validation of imaging techniques for
quality assurance and clinical training in
ultrasound
Reduced animal testing

6. STIR AND HEAT MIXTURE
OF DESIRED AMOUNT OF
DISTILLED WATER AND
COOLANT IN MICROWAVE
UNTIL IT REACHES 80℃
Use a vacuum pump that
assists in degassing the
mixture. As the mixture
dissolves, bubbles appear.
Add the desired amount of
PVA and SIC, stir gently to
create a homogeneous
solution.
Reheat till+90 ℃
To ensure complete
dissolvability of PVA and
SIC, use a magnetically
stimulated metal stir plate.
Degas the solution again
REMOVE THE THIN FILM OF
AIR BUBBLES AND POUR
THE SOLUTION INTO
MOULDS.
Cover the mold with Saran
wrap or parafilm to
prevent evaporation of
solution.
LEAVE THE PHANTOM IN
REFRIGERATOR
ACCORDING TO THE
SCHEDULE OF THE FREEZE-
THAW CYCLE

8. Material composition for phantom made
without coolant and sicM
POSITION FOR PHANTOM MADE WITH
COOLANT ATERIAL COMPOSITION FOR
PHANTOM MADE WITH COOLANT MATERIAL
MATERIAL COMPOSITION FOR PHANTOM
MADE WITH COOLANTPOSITION FOR
PHANTOM MADE WITH COOLANT
FINAL VOLUME DISTILLED
WATER
PVA NUMBER OF
FREEZE THAW
CYCLES
100% 92% 8% 1
200ml 184ml 16gm

9. Take 164ml of distilled
water in a beaker and heat
it in a microwave until it
reaches +80℃
Use vacuum pump that
helps in degassing.
Add 16 grams of PVA and
stir carefully to make
homogeneous solution ,
reheat till +90℃
Use magnetic thermal stir
plate for 15 minutes to
ensure that PVA is dissolved
completely.Degas the
solution again
Cover the beaker with saran
wrap and place it on the lab
bench for 30 minutes.
Leave the phantom in
refrigerator according to the
schedule of freeze thaw
cycle

10. DURATION
Place the phantom mold in a refrigerator
operating at 4°C temp
For 30 minutes
Place the phantom mold in a refrigerator
operating at -20°C temp
For 17.5 hours
Place the phantom mold in a refrigerator
operating at 4°C temp
For 4 hours
Place the phantom mold at room
temperature on the lab bench
For 2 hours

11. Material compostion for phantom made with
coolant and sicM
POSITION FOR PHANTOM MADE WITH
COOLANT ATERIAL COMPOSITION FOR
PHANTOM MADE WITH COOLANT MATERIAL
MATERIAL COMPOSITION FOR PHANTOM
MADE WITH COOLANTPOSITION FOR
PHANTOM MADE WITH COOLANT
FINAL
VOLUME
DISTILLED
WATER
PVA COOLANT SIC NUMBER
OF FREEZE
THAW
CYCLES
100% 70% 8% 20% 2% 1
200ml 140ml 16gm 40ml 4gm

12. Take 140 ml of distilled
water in a beaker. Add 40 ml
of coolant and mix carefully
Heat the mixture in
microwave until it reaches
+80℃
Use vacuum pump that helps
in degassing
16 grams of PVA and stir
carefully to make
homogeneous solution . Add
4grams of SIC and mix
carefully,reheat till +90℃
Use magnetic thermal stir
plate for 15 minutes to
ensure that PVA is dissolved
completely.Degas the
solution again
Cover the beaker with saran
wrap and place it on the lab
bench for 30 minutes.
Leave the phantom in
refrigerator accordong to
freeze thaw cycle

13. DURATION
Place the phantom mold in a refrigerator
operating at 4°C temp
For 30 minutes
Place the phantom mold in a refrigerator
operating at -20°C temp
For 17.5 hours
Place the phantom mold in a refrigerator
operating at 4°C temp
For 4 hours
Place the phantom mold at room
temperature on the lab bench
For 2 hours

15.  Material compostion for phantom made with
coolant and sicM
FINAL
VOLUME
PVA SIC COOLANT DISTILLED
WATER
NUMBER
OF FREEZE
THAW
CYCLES
100% 8% 2% 20% 70% 1
200ml 16g 4g 40ml 140ml

16. DURATION
+4℃ 30 mins
-20℃ 14 hrs
+4℃ 10hrs
ROOM TEMPERATURE 2hrs

19. Material compostion
FINAL
VOLUME
PVA 1 PVA 2 COOLANT DISTILLED
WATER
SIC NUMBER
OF
FREEZE
THAW
CYCLES
100% 5% 5% 20% 69% 1% 1
600ml 30g 30g 120ml 414ml 6g

20. Take 414 ml of distilled water in
a beaker. Add 120 ml of coolant
and mix carefully
Heat the mixture in microwave
until it reaches +80℃
Use vacuum pump that helps in
degassing
30 grams of PVA 1 and 30g of
PVA 2 and stir carefully to make
homogeneous solution . Add 6g
grams of SIC and mix
carefully,reheat till +90℃
Use magnetic thermal stir plate
for 15 minutes to ensure that
PVA is dissolved
completely.Degas the solution
again
Cover the beaker with saran
wrap and place it on the lab
bench for 30 minutes.
Pour the phantom in 4 moulds
ABCD
Place the phantom in
refrigerator according to FT
cycle

22. MOULD A DURATION
4 30mins
-20 15.5
4 2hr
ROOM 30 mins

23. MOULD B DURATION
4 30mins
-20 13.5hrs
4 8hrs
room 2hrs
MOULD C DURATION
4 30mins
-20 11.5hrs
4 10hrs
room 2hrs
MOULD D DURATION
4 30 mins
-20 14hrs
4 10hrs
ROOM 2hrs

25.  The theory behind making phantoms with inclusions involves
preparing three batches of phantoms with the same composition
which undergo different numbers of Freeze-Thaw cycles separately
to attain different stiffness.
 Cylindrically shaped inclusion phantoms prepared are 5 mm, 7.5
mm, and 10 mm in diameter whereas the length is 20 mm.
MATERIAL COMPOSITION
FINAL
VOLUME
PVA SIC COOLANT DISTILLED
WATER
100% 8% 2% 20% 70%
500ml 40g 10g 100ml 350ml

26. FIRST FREEZE THAW CYCLE OF INCLUSION 1,2,3.
4℃ 30mins 4:45pm-5:15pm 12/07/23
-20℃ 17.5hrs 5:15pm-10:45am 12/07/23
4℃ 4hrs 10:45am-2:45pm 12/07/23
ROOM 2hrs 2:45pm-4:45pm 12/07/23
SECOND FREEZE THAW CYCLE OF INCLUSION 2,3.
4℃ 30mins 4:45pm-5:15pm 13/07/23
-20℃ 17.5hrs 5:15pm-10:45am 13/07/23
4℃ 4hrs 10:45am-2:45pm 14/07/23
ROOM 2hrs 2:45pm-4:45pm 14/07/23
THIRD FREEZE THAW CYCLE OF INCLUSION 3.
4℃ 30mins 4:45pm-5:15pm 14/07/23
-20℃ 17.5hrs 5:15pm-10:45am 14/07/23
4℃ 4hrs 10:45am-2:45pm 15/07/23
ROOM 2hrs 2:45pm-4:45pm 15/07/23

28.  TINKERCAD 3D DESIGNING FOR MOULDS
 1) 2)
3) 4)
5) 6)

29.  MATERIAL COMPOSITION
FINAL
VOLUME
PVA SIC COOLANT DISTILLED
WATER
100% 8% 2% 20% 70%
500ml 40g 10g 100ml 350ml

30. FREEZE THAW CYCLE
4℃ 30mins 4:45pm-5:15pm 22/07/23
-20℃ 17.5hrs 5:15pm-10:45am 22/07/23
4℃ 4hrs 10:45am-2:45pm 23/07/23
ROOM 2hrs 2:45pm-4:45pm 23/07/23

32. I CONSIDER MYSELF VERY LUCKY AS I WAS PROVIDED WITH AN OPPORTUNITY TO BE A
PART OF IT AND TO GET EXPOSED TO THE REAL SCIENTIFIC WORLD AND THE FIELD OF
RESEARCH