NTPC Industrial Training

1. INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT
SUBMITTED TO:- SUBMITTED BY:
Prof. R K Mathur sir Ankesh kumar
NTPC KAHALGAON Roll No-CE/14/17
B.Tech(Civil engg.)
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2. LIST OF CONTENT:
1. About NTPC
2. NTPC Kahalgaon
3. Coal handling plant (CHP)
4. Boiler
5. Ash dyke
6. Merry Go Round (MGR)
7. Water Treatment & Cooling tower
8. Advantages and disadvantages of coal based thermal
power plant
9. Conclusion
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3. ABOUT NTPC:
 NTPC (National Thermal Power Corporation) is largest
Indian state owned electric utility company.
 It is an Indian central Public Sector Undertaking (PSU)
under the Ministry of Power, Government of India.
 It was founded by government of India in 1975.
 It is the largest power company in India with an electric
power generating capacity of 45,548 MW.
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4. NTPC KAHALGAON:
 Approved capacity -2340 MW
 Installed capacity -2340 MW
 Location -kahalgaon, Bihar
 Water source -river Ganga
 Fuel -coal
 Source of fuel -rajmahal, murra, lalmatia coal
field of eastern coalfield limited.
 Unit size -Stage I : 4* 210 MW and
Stage II: 3* 500 MW
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5. COAL HANDLING PLANT (CHP):
 14.3 M tonne of coal is consumed by plant per year.
 Coal reaches the CHP through train.
 The coal is placed in Track Hopper.
 From track hopper through conveyor belts coal reaches the
crusher home (coal is crushed to a size <20mm)
 In between track hopper and crusher house Suspended
magnets, Magnetic detector and magnetic separators are
placed to remove heavy metal pieces.
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7. BOILER:
 It is a closed vessel in which steam is generated by means
of heat energy.
 Water tube boilers are used in Stage I and Stage II.
 Water tube boiler are the one in which water circulates in
tubes which are heated externally by fire.
 Water tube boilers are used for high pressure boilers.
 Super heated steam is used in driving turbines (steam
heated to temp.~390℃).
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8. ASH HANDLING DEPARTMENT
WHAT IS ASH ?
Ash is the residue remaining after the coal has been
incinerated to constant weight under standard
conditions.
 Ash is oxidised form of the mineral matters present in
coal.
 Typical ash composition : SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3,
CaO,MgO etc.
 Coal with more SiO2 & Al2O3, Ash MP > 1400ºC
 Coal with more Fe2O3, CaO & MgO, Ash MP < 1100ºC
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9. WHY ASH HANDLING?
 Ash content of Indian coal used in power station is
about 30 to 40 %.
 A typical 2000 MW station produce around 9000T
to 12000T of ash per day.
 This huge amount of ash needs to be disposed off
continuously.
 Necessary care to be taken for preventing pollution
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10. ASH-DYKE:
 It is an engineered structure for the disposal of bottom
ash and fly ash.
 Disposal methods-wet disposal and dry disposal.
 Wet disposal is preferred due to economy.
 In wet method fly ash slurry is filled in large ponds
allowing the water to drain and evaporate.
 Ash ponds are generally ring embankments to enclose
the disposal site.
 The design primarily focuses on handling seepage and
ensuring slope stability.
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12. MERRY GO ROUND (MGR)
 MGR is a block train of hopper wagons which loads and unloads
its cargo while moving.
 These trains were introduced in the 1960’s in United Kingdom.
 MGR is a closed circuit dedicated rail transportation system
between the production and consumption points.
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14. OFF-SITE DEPARTMENT
 Water Treatment
 Cooling Tower
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15. Why water treatment?
 Raw water contains many dissolved minerals and organic
materials.
 At high temperature certain minerals left scaling on the
tube metal of the boiler and cause permanent damage.
 Some dissolved minerals leads to corrosion of tube metals.
Some leads to foaming
 At high pressure and temperature an element, silica can be
carried away with steam causing damage to turbine low
pressure stage.
 A Thermal Power Station needs water of varying quality for
different process and hence the requirement.
 The performance and life expectancy of the station greatly
depends on water chemistry compliance.
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16. Type of water treatment
 the type of demineralization process chosen for a
power
 station depends on three main factors :
1.The quality of the raw water.
2.The degree of deionisation i.e. treated water quality
3.Selectivity of resins.
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17. Steps of treatment process
 Aeration of raw water
 Adding chemicals for bacteria removal
 Adding chemicals for sedimentation of suspended particles
 Flocculation
 Filtration
 Ion Exchange process
 water treatment process is generally made up of two
sections :
1.Pretreatment section
2.Demineralisation section
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18. COOLING TOWER:
 The cooling tower is a semi enclosed structure for
evaporative cooling of water by contact with air.
 The hot water from the condenser is fed to the top of
the tower and allowed to tickle in form of drops.
 The air flows from bottom of the tower and exhausts to
the atmosphere after effective cooling.
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21. ADVANTAGES OF COAL BASED
THERMAL POWER PLANT:
 They can respond changing loads without difficulty.
 Fuel used is cheaper.
 Cheaper in production cost in comparison with that of
diesel power station.
 Steam engines and turbines can work under 25% of
overload continuously.
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22. DISADVANTAGES OF COAL
BASED THERMAL POWER PLANT:
 Maintenance and operating costs are high.
 Long time required for erection and putting into
action.
 A large quantity of water is required.
 Great difficulty experienced in coal handling.
 Presence of troubles due to smoke and heat in the
plant.
 Unavailability of good quality coal.
 Problem of ash removing.
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23. CONCLUSION
Overall, I had a fantastic experience while training
with the engineers of NTPC .
I feel extremely fortunate to be a part of the
Maharatna company of India for a month. This
summer training helped me grow a lot and get a
deeper look into the various fields.
The summer training program in NTPC is unique
because of more exposure we get in the company.
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Thank You!!