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Will green chemistry solve the problem of pollution?
- 1. Will green Chemistry solve the problem of pollution? Dr. Anita S. Goswami-Giri Department of Chemistry B.N. Bandodkar College of Science Thane-1 anitagoswami@yahoo.com
- 2. What is Green chemistry ? “The invention, design and application of chemical products and process to reduce or to eliminates the use and generation of hazardous substances”
- 3. Green Chemistry Anastas, P. T.; Warner, J.C. Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice, Oxford University Press,1998.
- 4. What is Green Chemistry? Benign Disposal Recycle/Re-use Reduce - Replace - Hazardous materials, processes Inefficient processes Non-sustainable components Chemical usage Energy usage
- 5. Why now? In 2005, Ryoji Noyori 1. Use of supercritical CO2 as a green solvent, 2. Aq. Hydrogen peroxide for clean oxidation 3. The use of hydrogen in a symmetric synthesis.
- 6. To reduce
- 7. How green is my solvent?How green is my solvent? Just because the solvent is non-toxic it does not make the process “green”. Also need to consider; • Energy (evaporation, pressurisation, stirring etc.) • Recycling of solvent • Solubility of solute • Toxicity of any by-products • Atom efficiency of process • Product separation • Does the solvent affect the product/package?
- 8. Ranking the green countries Top 5 Bottom 5 1.Finland (AQ6,WQ 2 GH75) 137. Chad GH1) 2.Iceland 138.Burkina Faso 3.Norway (WQ1) 139.Sierra Leone 4.Sweden 140.Niger 5.Austria 141.Ethiopia (AQ126GH18) *India & neighboring countries 66. Srilanka 84. China 104. India (AQ138,WQ137,GHG96) 108.Nepal 111.Bangladesh 115.Pakistan
- 9. 11 Greenest Countries on Earth in 2019 1.Iceland - Environmental Performance index of 93.5 2. Switzerland- Environmental Protection index of 89.1 3. Costa Rica- Environmental Protection Index of 86.4. 4. Sweden- Environmental Protection Index of 86.0. 5. Norway- Environmental Protection Index of 81.1 6. Mauritius- Environmental Performance Index of 80.6 7. France- Environmental Protection Index of 78.2 8. Austria- Environmental performance Index of 78.1 9. Cuba -Environmental Protection Index of 78.1 10. Colombia- Environmental Performance Index of 76.8 11. Finland-
- 10. The world’s Greenest, Most livable Cities SN livable Cities SN livable Cities SN livable Cities 1 Copenhagen, Denmark: Europe’s Most Sustainable City 5 Curitiba, Brazil: A City Utilizing the Power of recycling 9 Singapore: The Greenest City in Asia 2 Amsterdam, Netherlands: The City of Bikes 6 Reykjavik, Iceland: A City Aiming to Move Away from Fossil Fuels 10 Cape Town, South Africa: A City Practicing Effective Waste Management Strategies 3 Stockholm, Sweden: The Cleanest City in Europe 7 Portland, Oregon: A City that Teaches the Citizens to Embrace Nature 11 Helsinki, Finland: The Nature Capital of the Entire World 4 Vancouver, Canada: A City with Lowest Carbon Emissions 8 San Francisco, California: The First American City to Ban Plastic Water Bottles 12
- 11. Can u hear the green frog call?
- 12. Polylactic Acid for Plastics Production Corn Starch Unrefined Dextrose PolymerPolymer ProductionProductionPLA Lactide MonomerMonomer ProductionProduction Lactic AcidFermentationFermentation Fiber Film Thermoforming Bottle Woven Non-woven Etc. Polymer Modification ApparelFilms Polymer Grades
- 14. Greening of Academic Research
- 15. Synthetic Organic Chemicals THE PRODUCTSPharmaceuticals Dyes Sunscreen agents Toiletries and fragrances NEED THE CHEMISTRY Coupling Reactions often based on expensive and toxic precious metals Oxidation - often based on stoichiometric toxic metallic reagents and low atom efficiency processes Halogenation using dangerous reagents and often with very low atom efficiencies Friedel-Crafts Chemistry based on hazardous acidic reagents and dangerous waste BUT NOT THE PROBLEMS! GREEN CHEMISTRY
- 16. The Future Chemical Industry ?? Past Future Present
- 17. Summary: Opportunities & Challenges • Global growing requirement • Demand for greener products • Proven ability of industry to adapt • Signs of support from RDAs & Government • Improving co-operation with stakeholders • Sustainable development • EU regulation • Competition from Asia • High energy costs • High oil prices • Cost & technology barriers for renewables • Declining skill base • Consumer pressure to reduce costs • Reputation
- 18. Summing up…..
- 19. Problem? Improved Chemical Processes and Products for Industry > 20 expert staff available to support projects Dedicated Commercial Manager Excellent research facilities and equipment Flexible range of services Funding and legislative expertise Green Chemistry CIC Expertise Researchers assigned specifically to projects
- 20. Highlights from the newsletter Polychromic plastics: one chemical, many colours Corn cob packaging Stopping corrosion - naturally Greener wood adhesives Green dyeing in any colour WEEE and RoHS explained & how Green Chemistry can help Unwrapping the packaging optionsFluorine takes the fizz out of sparkling wine Wanted: solutions and customers for UK farming The latest on the EU’s proposed chemicals legislation REACH
- 21. References • Blackburn R.S. Burkinshaw S.W. Green Chemistry,2002 4(1)47. • Reader’s digest, October 2007 ,P.107. • Green Chemistry, July 16,2001 79 (29) P.27-34. • Green Chemistry, June 30,2003 26 P.30-35. • Current Science,2000Dec.25 79(12)1662. • Current Science,2005Dec.10 89(11)1788. • dtsc.ca.gov/pollution/prevention/greenchemistry. • www.chemsoc.org/gcntciconfernce. • www.treehugger.com • https://www.acs.org/.../greenchemistry/principles/12-principles-of-green-chemistry.ht... • Anastas, P. T.; Warner, J.C. Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice, Oxford University Press,1998.