1 8 Emerging New Technologies in Early Childhood Education Lua Shanks Dr. Watnick EDDD 8113 Doctor of Education 2-3-2022 Emerging New Technologies in Early Childhood Education Background Information Technological revolutions have transformed early childhood education significantly.These technological developments have eased the tasks of instructors who had challenges related to delivering high-quality education and performance improvement among the teachers (Hero, 2019). Aydin et al. (2017) found in their study that both the curriculum and instructional methods have weaknesses that significantly reduce education quality in early childhood schools. For instance, the authors found that the ratio of teachers to students is lower than required, which implies that there are more students per teacher. Consequently, the teachers cannot comprehensively deliver customized instructions to all students effectively due to time constraints. The authors recommend the use of technology, and the employment of more teachers to increase instructional quality by increasing the time taken to teach each student according to their learning and developmental needs. In that regard, Dziuban et al. (2018) discussion raise concerns on challenges early childhood education (ECE). They include ineffective instructional methods, substandard learning environments, and inappropriate content that do not effectively support children's learning and developmental needs. The authors propose the use of technologies to promote quality education and growth in early childhood education. Comment by Beryl Watnick: Eased the tasks in early childhood? Comment by Beryl Watnick: Sentence structure Technology application to full potential requires fundamental articulation towards improving the learning and teaching environment of 10 years and below learners. Samudra et al. (2019) argue that the use of technology has not been applied to the required potential to improve learners’ needs in early childhood education settings. For instance, the authors found that technological devices have the potential to increase children's developmental and educational needs; thus acknowledging the use of technologies for learners learning improvements. The authors researched and found that audiovisual learning devices increase interactive learning, which is associated with high engagement and high performance. Comment by Beryl Watnick: Sentence structure Very confusing Comment by Beryl Watnick: wording Research Problem The problem is that many early year teachers in the current education sector do not have enough ICT equipment and expertise at their disposal to adequately deliver holistic instruction to early year learners. The quality of instruction is not increasing regardless of the increasing advancements in technology. According to Aydin et al. (2017), changes are continuing to be noticed in classroom populations, and performance. For instance, including policies, new technologies, i ...

1. 1
8
Emerging New Technologies in Early Childhood Education
Lua Shanks
Dr. Watnick
EDDD 8113
Doctor of Education
2-3-2022
Emerging New Technologies in Early Childhood Education
Background Information
Technological revolutions have transformed early childhood
education significantly.These technological developments have
eased the tasks of instructors who had challenges related to
delivering high-quality education and performance improvement
among the teachers (Hero, 2019). Aydin et al. (2017) found in
their study that both the curriculum and instructional methods
have weaknesses that significantly reduce education quality in
early childhood schools. For instance, the authors found that the

2. ratio of teachers to students is lower than required, which
implies that there are more students per teacher. Consequently,
the teachers cannot comprehensively deliver customized
instructions to all students effectively due to time constraints.
The authors recommend the use of technology, and the
employment of more teachers to increase instructional quality
by increasing the time taken to teach each student according to
their learning and developmental needs. In that regard, Dziuban
et al. (2018) discussion raise concerns on challenges early
childhood education (ECE). They include ineffective
instructional methods, substandard learning environments, and
inappropriate content that do not effectively support children's
learning and developmental needs. The authors propose the use
of technologies to promote quality education and growth in
early childhood education. Comment by Beryl Watnick:
Eased the tasks in early childhood? Comment by Beryl Watnick:
Sentence structure
Technology application to full potential requires fundamental
articulation towards improving the learning and teaching
environment of 10 years and below learners. Samudra et al.
(2019) argue that the use of technology has not been applied to
the required potential to improve learners’ needs in early
childhood education settings. For instance, the authors found
that technological devices have the potential to increase
children's developmental and educational needs; thus
acknowledging the use of technologies for learners learning
improvements. The authors researched and found that
audiovisual learning devices increase interactive learning,
which is associated with high engagement and high
performance. Comment by Beryl Watnick: Sentence structure
Very confusing Comment by Beryl Watnick: wording
Research Problem
The problem is that many early year teachers in the current
education sector do not have enough ICT equipment and
expertise at their disposal to adequately deliver holistic
instruction to early year learners. The quality of instruction is

3. not increasing regardless of the increasing advancements in
technology. According to Aydin et al. (2017), changes are
continuing to be noticed in classroom populations, and
performance. For instance, including policies, new
technologies, immigration, and globalization has increased
significantly, which implies that there is a crucial need to apply
effective and appropriate instructional approaches.
Additionally, there has been a disproportional improvement in
instructional methods with technological advancements. The
implication is that instructional approaches have not effectively
embraced and applied technology to improve learning.
Comment by Beryl Watnick: have
Studies on emerging technologies in ECE are replete with
evidence that shows when children view a video with their
parents or teachers and narrate stories; they enrich their
vocabularies better (Samudra et al., 2019). The article talks
about how technology assists students when they are with their
parents. It also talks about how technology helps with new
vocabulary, and this will help them to become a better speaker.
It helped students to comprehend stories better. Overall,
technology is a key to success based on this article.
Comment by Beryl Watnick: delete better
Yulmaz et al. (2019) examine the importance of observation and
social cues in learning. The article talked a lot about how
significant it was to see certain behaviors and adjust and how
this has been used to help learners improve their knowledge for
years. The theory of social learning was another big aspect of
this article. More focus on this theory could help students and
other learners improve the way they grasp information.
Comment by Beryl Watnick: not scholarly voice
Accordingly, the problem is that many early year teachers in the
current education sector do not have enough ICT equipment and
expertise at their disposal to adequately deliver holistic
instruction to early year learners. The quality of instruction is
not increasing regardless of the increasing advancements in
technology.

4. Purpose
The purpose of this study is to determine how best to integrate
audiovisual technologies into ECE, specifically for children
under 10 years old in the State of California. In line with this
goal, the research will explore the technologies used by
educators to impart knowledge to children under 10 years old in
the State of California. The concepts of interest include infusion
of technology into early childhood education settings, and
improving children’s learning and developmental needs using
appropriate instructional approaches. Apart from teachers’ ICT
tools, this study will also examine audiovisual technologies
used by children under 10 years old in the State of California.
The basis of this research is the idea that there is the inadequate
application of technology in the classroom which reduces the
quality of learning in many ECE classrooms.
Fundamentally, the study will determine how best to integrate
audiovisual technologies into ECE, specifically for children
under 10 years old in the State of California. Significantly,
technologies applicable by educators to impart knowledge to
children under 10 years old in the State of California form a
crucial basis that the study will explore. Similarly, the study
will examine the infusion of technology into early childhood
education settings, audiovisual technologies used by children
under 10 years old in the State of California, accommodating
backdrop that insignificant technological applications in
classroom compromise learning quality in ECE classrooms.
Comment by Beryl Watnick: You are using mirror
language and that is good. However, you are repeating the same
statements and that is unnecessary.
Conceptual Framework
The social learning theory, which was originally developed by
psychologist Bandura, emphasizes the significance of
observation, replication of behaviors, attitudes, and feelings of
others (Yılmaz, Yılmaz & Yılmaz, 2019). The social learning
theory concurs with the postulates of the behavioral theory. For

5. instance, both theories assert that there are mediating actions
between stimuli and corresponding responses. Additionally,
both the Social Learning Theory and the Behavioral Theory
concur that animals learn behaviors from the environment by
observing the actions of others (Yılmaz, Yılmaz & Yılmaz,
2019). These basic principles are relevant to the application of
technology in ECE. In the teaching-learning environment, there
exist stimuli that can be used in the learning process. Similarly,
the paper will accommodate conceptual groundwork from social
learning theory and behavioral theory to determine how best to
integrate audiovisual technologies into ECE, specifically for
children under 10 years old in the State of California.
Comment by Beryl Watnick: What paper?
This study intends to determine how best to integrate
audiovisual technologies into ECE, specifically for children
under 10 years old in the State of California. Accordingly,
social learning theory gives a platform for observation,
replication of behaviors, attitudes, and feelings of others
(Yılmaz, Yılmaz & Yılmaz, 2019). Fundamentally, the theory
will be effective in accommodating on how best to integrate
audiovisual technologies into ECE, specifically for children
under 10 years old in the State of California through
observation, replication of behaviors, attitudes, and feelings of
others. Similarly, the theory postulates behavioral theory
asserting that there are mediating actions between stimuli and
corresponding responses. Thus, the social learning theory and
behavioral theory will support the study objective, determining;
how best to integrate audiovisual technologies into ECE,
specifically for children under 10 years old in the State of
California. Comment by Beryl Watnick: mechanics
Research Questions
1. What are the impacts of audiovisual technologies for children
under 10 years old in the State of California in early childhood
education settings?
2. How best can audiovisual equipment be used for blended

6. learning for children under 10 years old in the State of
California?
Research Methodology and Design
To determine how best to integrate audiovisual technologies
into ECE for children under 10 years old in the State of
California, the research methodology will accommodate a
qualitative approach, particularly interviews for collecting
information. Importantly, the grounded theory design will be
used because it would aid in the formulation of a theory that
will be based on the collected data from the results of the
application of audiovisual technology in education (Laird et al.,
2018). The study will include six participants selected using the
purposive sampling technique. The participants will encompass
individuals from the education sector, teachers, and community
members. Finally, the gathered data will be analyzed using
content analysis tools. This process will involve identifying key
themes and performing analytical procedures to confirm or
reject the hypothesis. Therefore, the study, research design will
use a qualitative approach, particularly interview determine how
best to integrate audiovisual technologies into ECE, specifically
for children under 10 years old in the State of California
Comment by Beryl Watnick: You will be advised against
using grounded theory and it does not work with the plan you
describe here.
How can you explore these issues for your entire state with only
6 participants? Comment by Beryl Watnick: mechanics
Significance
The purpose of this study is to determine how best to integrate
audiovisual technologies into ECE, specifically for children
under 10 years old in the State of California. Accordingly, The
significance of the study is that it will increase the adoption of
audiovisual technologies and their effective use at home and in
schools to increase children under 10 years old in the State of
California in early childhood education developmental and
educational needs.

7. References
Aydin, H., Ozfidan, B., & Carothers, D. (2017). Meeting the
challenges of curriculum and instruction in school settings in
the United States. Journal of Social Studies Education
Research, 8(3), 76-92.
Banneyer, K. N., Bonin, L., Price, K., Goodman, W. K., &
Storch, E. A. (2018). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for
childhood anxiety disorders: a review of recent
advances. Current psychiatry reports, 20(8), 1-8.
Dziuban, C., Graham, C. R., Moskal, P. D., Norberg, A., &
Sicilia, N. (2018). Blended learning: the new normal and
emerging technologies. International journal of educational
technology in Higher education, 15(1), 1-16.
Hero, J. (2019). The Impact of Technology Integration in
Teaching Performance. International Journal of Sciences: Basic
and Applied Research (IJSBAR (48)1, 101-114
Laird, Y., Fawkner, S., & Niven, A. (2018). A grounded theory
of how social support influences physical activity in adolescent
girls. International journal of qualitative studies on health and
well-being, 13(1), 1435099.
Yılmaz, M., Yılmaz, U., & Yılmaz, E. N. D. (2019). The
relation between social learning and visual culture.
International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education,
11(4), 421-427.
11

8. Emerging New Technologies in Early Childhood Education
[Your Name]
[Course Number & Quarter]
Your Ed.D. Specialization
Week [#]
Emerging New Technologies in Early Childhood Education
Aydin, H., Ozfidan, B., & Carothers, D. (2017). Meeting the
challenges of curriculum and instruction in school settings in
the United States. Journal of Social Studies Education
Research, 8(3), 76-92.
Aydin et al. (2017) found in their study that both the curriculum
and instructional methods have weaknesses that significantly
reduce education quality in early childhood schools. For
instance, the authors found that the ratio of teachers to students
is lower than required, which implies that there are more
students per teacher. Consequently, the teachers cannot
comprehensively deliver customized instructions to all students
effectively due to time constraints. The authors recommend the
use of technology, and employment of more teachers to increase
instructional quality by increasing the time taken to teach each
student according to their learning and developmental needs.
Dziuban, C., Graham, C. R., Moskal, P. D., Norberg, A., &
Sicilia, N. (2018). Blended learning: the new normal and
emerging technologies. International journal of educational
technology in Higher education, 15(1), 1-16.
Dziuban et al. (2018) discuss raise concerns that there are many
challenges in early childhood education (ECE). They include
ineffective instructional methods, substandard learning
environments, and inappropriate content that do not effectively
support children's learning and developmental needs. The
authors propose the use of technologies to promote quality
education and growth in early childhood education.
Samudra, P. G., Flynn, R. M., & Wong, K. M. (2019).
Coviewing Educational Media: Does Coviewing Help Low-
Income Preschoolers Learn Auditory and Audiovisual

9. Vocabulary Associations?. AERA Open, 5(2),
https://doi.org/10.1177/2332858419853238
Samudra et al. (2019) argue that the use of technology has
not been used to the required potential to improve learners’
needs in early childhood education settings. For instance, the
authors found that technological devices have the potential to
increase children's developmental and educational needs. In this
regard, the authors recommend the use of technological devices
including tablets and computers to teach children. The authors
researched and found that audiovisual learning devices increase
interactive learning, which is associated with high engagement
and high performance.
Research Problem
The problem is that many early year teachers in the current
education sector do not have enough ICT equipment and
expertise at their disposal to adequately deliver holistic
instruction to early year learners. The quality of instruction is
not increasing regardless of the increasing advancements in
technology.
Aydin, H., Ozfidan, B., & Carothers, D. (2017). Meeting the
challenges of curriculum and instruction in school settings in
the United States. Journal of Social Studies Education
Research, 8(3), 76-92.
According to Aydin et al. (2017), changes are continuing to be
noticed in classroom populations, and in performance. For
instance, the number of immigrants has increased significantly,
which implies that there is a crucial need to apply effective and
appropriate instructional approaches. Additionally, there has
been a disproportional improvement in instructional methods
with technological advancements. The implication is that
instructional approaches have not effectively embraced and
applied technology to improve learning.
Samudra, P. G., Flynn, R. M., & Wong, K. M. (2019). Covering
Educational Media: Does Co-viewing Help Low-Income
Preschoolers Learn Auditory and Audiovisual Vocabulary
Associations? AERA Open, 5(2),

10. https://doi.org/10.1177/2332858419853238
Research on emerging technologies in ECE is replete with
evidence that shows when children view a video with their
parents or teachers and narrate stories, they learn new
vocabularies better (Samudra et al., 2019). The article talks
about how technology assists students when they are with their
parents. It also talks about how technology helps with new
vocabulary, and this will help them to become a better speaker.
It helped students to comprehend stories better. Overall,
technology is a key to success based on this article.
Yılmaz, M., Yılmaz, U., & Yılmaz, E. N. D. (2019). The
relation between social learning and visual culture.
International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education,
11(4), 421-427.
The article speaks about the importance of observation and
social cues in learning. The article talked a lot about how
significant it was to see certain behaviors and adjust and how
this has been used to help learners improve their knowledge for
years. The theory of social learning was another big aspect of
this article. Basically, more focus on this theory could help
students and other learners improve the way they grasp
information.
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to determine how best to integrate
audiovisual technologies into ECE as well as possible ways to
increase funding for ECE technology in the curriculum. In line
with this goal, the research will explore the technologies used
by educators to impart knowledge to early childhood learners.
The concepts of interest include infusion of technology into
early childhood education settings, and improving children’s
learning and developmental needs using appropriate
instructional approaches. Apart from teachers’ ICT tools, this
study will also examine audiovisual technologies used by early
education students. The basis of this research is the idea that
there is inadequate application of technology in the classroom
which reduces the quality of learning in many ECE classrooms.

11. Findings of this research will help improve the learning
experience of early childhood learners by selection of the most
appropriate audiovisual technologies to be used in ECE
classrooms. Additionally, the study will suggest ways by which
teachers can improve government goodwill towards blended
learning to increase funding for technology in ECE.
Conceptual Framework
The social learning theory, which was originally developed by
psychologist Bandura, emphasizes the significance of
observation, replication of behaviors, attitudes, and feelings of
others (Yılmaz, Yılmaz & Yılmaz, 2019). The social learning
theory concurs with the postulates of the behavioral theory. For
instance, both theories assert that there are mediating actions
between stimuli and corresponding responses. Additionally,
both the Social Learning Theory and the Behavioral Theory
concur that animals learn behaviors from the environment by
observing the actions of others (Yılmaz, Yılmaz & Yılmaz,
2019). These basic principles are relevant to the application of
technology in ECE. In the teaching-learning environment, there
exist stimuli that can be used in the learning process.
Banneyer, K. N., Bonin, L., Price, K., Goodman, W. K., &
Storch, E. A. (2018). Cognitive behavioral therapy for
childhood anxiety disorders: a review of recent
advances. Current psychiatry reports, 20(8), 1-8.
According to Banneyer et al. (2018), cognitive behavioral
theory (CBT) of learning refers to the ability of children to
learn according to the materials exposed to them. Additionally,
the behaviors or the culture of the people around children
influence their learning capacities and attitudes. The author
presents findings of researches, which indicate that
technological activities and other growth-supporting
engagements increase children’s learning and developmental
needs.
Yılmaz, M., Yılmaz, U., & Yılmaz, E. N. D. (2019). The
relation between social learning and visual culture.
International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education,

12. 11(4), 421-427.
Bandura emphasized in the social learning theory that children
observe the actions and behaviors of the people around them
and assimilate them. In the well-known Bobo doll experiment,
the psychologist assigned models to various children (Yılmaz,
Yılmaz & Yılmaz, 2019). These models had certain behavioral
characteristics that were to be replicated by the young children.
The aim was for the kids to imitate and develop certain
behaviors based on their observations. While developing his
theory, Bandura believed that human beings are not passive
learners, who automatically imitate behavior. There is a thought
process involved and people can choose whether to imitate
behaviors or not, based on a number of factors (Yılmaz, Yılmaz
& Yılmaz, 2019). Thus, mental activity mediates observation
and replication.
In the social learning theory, Bandura suggested four
meditational stages between behavior observation and
replication of behavior; attention, retention, replication, and,
motivation (Yılmaz, Yılmaz & Yılmaz, 2019). An individual (in
this case an early childhood leaner) has to first pay attention to
the stimuli. Research is replete with evidence that young
children pay higher levels of attention to the educational
content when audiovisual teaching aids are used. Therefore,
such findings suggest that emerging technologies will increase
the attention span of ECE learners. Sustained attention in the
teaching-learning environment improves the teaching-learning
experience.
Another important postulate of the social learning theory is
retention. When young children observe other people or
inanimate objects such as mobile tablets, they remember their
actions. However, since the behavior is mediated by a mental
process, it may or may not be remembered. The application of
interactive media makes the learning process more interesting
for the learner, thus increasing the probability of retaining the
content being delivered in the ECE classroom (Yılmaz, Yılmaz

13. & Yılmaz, 2019). Even when there is short-term replication of
the targeted behavior, there needs to be a memory to act as a
point of reference in future.
Research Questions
1. Can audiovisual technologies improve learning in early
childhood education settings?
2. How best can audiovisual equipment be used for blended
learning for children under 10 years old in the State of
California?
Research Methodology and Design
The study will utilize a qualitative design to investigate how
best the various audiovisual equipment be used for blended
learning for children under 10 years old in the State of
California. The grounded theory design will be used because it
would aid in the formulation of a theory that will be based on
the collected data from the results of application of audiovisual
technology in education (Laird et al., 2018). To that end, six
participants will be selected using purposive sampling
technique. The participants will encompass individuals from the
education sector, teachers, and community members. The
gathered data will be analyzed using content analysis tools. This
process will involve identifying key themes and performing
analytical procedures to confirm or reject the hypothesis.
Significance
The significance of the study is that it will increase the
adoption of audiovisual technologies and their effective use at
home and in schools to increase children’s developmental and
educational needs.

14. References
Aydin, H., Ozfidan, B., & Carothers, D. (2017). Meeting the
challenges of curriculum and instruction in school settings in
the United States. Journal of Social Studies Education
Research, 8(3), 76-92.
Banneyer, K. N., Bonin, L., Price, K., Goodman, W. K., &
Storch, E. A. (2018). Cognitive behavioral therapy for
childhood anxiety disorders: a review of recent
advances. Current psychiatry reports, 20(8), 1-8.
Dziuban, C., Graham, C. R., Moskal, P. D., Norberg, A., &
Sicilia, N. (2018). Blended learning: the new normal and
emerging technologies. International journal of educational
technology in Higher education, 15(1), 1-16.
Laird, Y., Fawkner, S., & Niven, A. (2018). A grounded theory
of how social support influences physical activity in
adolescent girls. International journal of qualitative studies
on health and well-being, 13(1), 1435099.
Yılmaz, M., Yılmaz, U., & Yılmaz, E. N. D. (2019). The
relation between social learning and visual culture.
International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education,
11(4), 421-427.
1

15. Emerging New Technologies in Early Childhood Education
Lua Shanks
EDDD 8113
Doctor of Education
Week 6: Refining the Problem and Purpose Statement
Comment by Beryl Watnick: Week 8
Emerging New Technologies in Early Childhood Education
Technological revolutions have transformed early childhood
education significantly.These developments have eased the
tasks of instructors who had challenges related to delivering
high-quality education. Aydin et al. (2017) found in their study
that both the curriculum and instructional methods have
weaknesses that significantly reduce education quality in early
childhood schools. For instance, the authors found that the ratio
of teachers to students is lower than required, which implies
that there are more students per teacher. Consequently, the
teachers cannot comprehensively deliver customized
instructions to all students effectively due to time constraints.
The authors recommend the use of technology, and employment
of more teachers to increase instructional quality by increasing
the time taken to teach each student according to their learning
and developmental needs. In that regard, Dziuban et al. (2018)
discuss raise concerns that there are many challenges in early
childhood education (ECE). They include ineffective
instructional methods, substandard learning environments, and
inappropriate content that do not effectively support children's
learning and developmental needs. The authors propose the use
of technologies to promote quality education and growth in
early childhood education. Comment by Beryl Watnick:
Really? Where is there evidence for this statement? Comment by
Beryl Watnick: grammar
Samudra et al. (2019) argue that the use of technology has not

16. been used to the required potential to improve learners’ needs in
early childhood education settings. For instance, the authors
found that technological devices have the potential to increase
children's developmental and educational needs. In this regard,
the authors recommend the use of technological devices
including tablets and computers to teach children. The authors
researched and found that audiovisual learning devices increase
interactive learning, which is associated with high engagement
and high performance. Comment by Beryl Watnick: That is
obvious, isn’t it?
Research Problem
The problem is that many early year teachers in the current
education sector do not have enough ICT equipment and
expertise at their disposal to adequately deliver holistic
instruction to early year learners. The quality of instruction is
not increasing regardless of the increasing advancements in
technology. According to Aydin et al. (2017), changes are
continuing to be noticed in classroom populations, and in
performance. For instance, the number of immigrants has
increased significantly, which implies that there is a crucial
need to apply effective and appropriate instructional
approaches. Additionally, there has been a disproportional
improvement in instructional methods with technological
advancements. The implication is that instructional approaches
have not effectively embraced and applied technology to
improve learning. Comment by Beryl Watnick: Yes! Good
point! Comment by Beryl Watnick: Do you mean non
English speakers?
Studies on emerging technologies in ECE is replete with
evidence that shows when children view a video with their
parents or teachers and narrate stories, they learn new
vocabularies better (Samudra et al., 2019). The article talks
about how technology assists students when they are with their
parents. It also talks about how technology helps with new
vocabulary, and this will help them to become a better speaker.
It helped students to comprehend stories better. Overall,

17. technology is a key to success based on this article.
Comment by Beryl Watnick: …they enrich their
vocabulary
Yulmaz et al. (2019) examine the importance of observation and
social cues in learning. The article talked a lot about how
significant it was to see certain behaviors and adjust and how
this has been used to help learners improve their knowledge for
years. The theory of social learning was another big aspect of
this article. Basically, more focus on this theory could help
students and other learners improve the way they grasp
information.
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to determine how best to integrate
audiovisual technologies into ECE. In line with this goal, the
research will explore the technologies used by educators to
impart knowledge to early childhood learners. The concepts of
interest include infusion of technology into early childhood
education settings, and improving children’s learning and
developmental needs using appropriate instructional approaches.
Apart from teachers’ ICT tools, this study will also examine
audiovisual technologies used by early education students. The
basis of this research is the idea that there is inadequate
application of technology in the classroom which reduces the
quality of learning in many ECE classrooms.
One important postulate of the social learning theory is
retention. When young children observe other people or
inanimate objects such as mobile tablets, they remember their
actions. However, since the behavior is mediated by a mental
process, it may or may not be remembered. The application of
interactive media makes the learning process more interesting
for the learner, thus increasing the probability of retaining the
content being delivered in the ECE classroom (Yılmaz, Yılmaz
& Yılmaz, 2019). Even when there is short-term replication of
the targeted behavior, there needs to be a memory to act as a
point of reference in future. Comment by Beryl Watnick: Is
this your framework section?

18. Please go back to the exact assignment expectations.
Comment by Beryl Watnick: Word choice?
Research Questions
1. Can audiovisual technologies improve learning in early
childhood education settings? Comment by Beryl Watnick: This
is a yes or no question and not appropriate for a study
2. How best can audiovisual equipment be used for blended
learning for children under 10 years old in the State of
California? Comment by Beryl Watnick: Alignment – this is
the first time you mention 10 year olds in California. If this is
your target audience, it should be discussed in each section.
Research Methodology and Design Comment by Beryl Watnick:
Please adhere to my biweekly assignments. This was not asked
for.
The study will utilize a qualitative design to investigate how
best the various audiovisual equipment be used for blended
learning for children under 10 years old in the State of
California. The grounded theory design will be used because it
would aid in the formulation of a theory that will be based on
the collected data from the results of application of audiovisual
technology in education (Laird et al., 2018). To that end, six
participants will be selected using purposive sampling
technique. The participants will encompass individuals from the
education sector, teachers, and community members. The
gathered data will be analyzed using content analysis tools. This
process will involve identifying key themes and performing
analytical procedures to confirm or reject the hypothesis.
Significance
The significance of the study is that it will increase the
adoption of audiovisual technologies and their effective use at
home and in schools to increase children’s developmental and
educational needs.
References
Aydin, H., Ozfidan, B., & Carothers, D. (2017). Meeting the
challenges of curriculum and instruction in school settings in

19. the United States. Journal of Social Studies Education
Research, 8(3), 76-92.
Banneyer, K. N., Bonin, L., Price, K., Goodman, W. K., &
Storch, E. A. (2018). Cognitive behavioral therapy for
childhood anxiety disorders: a review of recent
advances. Current psychiatry reports, 20(8), 1-8.
Dziuban, C., Graham, C. R., Moskal, P. D., Norberg, A., &
Sicilia, N. (2018). Blended learning: the new normal and
emerging technologies. International journal of educational
technology in Higher education, 15(1), 1-16.
Laird, Y., Fawkner, S., & Niven, A. (2018). A grounded theory
of how social support influences physical activity in
adolescent girls. International journal of qualitative studies
on health and well-being, 13(1), 1435099.
Yılmaz, M., Yılmaz, U., & Yılmaz, E. N. D. (2019). The
relation between social learning and visual culture.
International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education,
11(4), 421-427.
1
Assignment: Final Assignment
In your final paper, demonstrate your understanding of
alignment in developing your doctoral paper. This paper should
build on your previous papers in this class. Therefore, it is
acceptable for you to use the same material that you have
previously written, as long as you have completed all revisions
from your Instructor’s feedback.
To prepare:
· Review feedback from your Instructor and peers.
· Make revisions, as required.

20. By Day 7
To complete:
Your paper should be 5–8 pages (not including title page or
references) and include 2–3 paragraphs with citations for each
of these elements:
· Problem Statement
· Purpose
· Framework
· Research Question(s)
· Methodology
Submission and Grading Information
To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading,
do the following:
· Please save your Assignment using the naming convention
“Last name_first initial_W11” as the name.
· Click the Module 6 Week 11 Assignment Rubric to review the
Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
· Click the Module 6 Week 11 Assignment link. You will also
be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
· Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My
Computer button. Find the document you saved as “Last
name_first initial_W11” and click Open.
· If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the
checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global
Reference Database.
· Click on the Submit button to complete your submission.
Bottom of Form
REFERENCES
Single, P. B. (2010). Demystifying dissertation writing: A
streamlined process from choice of topic to final text. Sterling,
VA: Stylus Publishing.
· Chapter 2, “Choosing a Topic and an Adviser” (pp. 45–47)

21. Thomas, G. (2017). How to do your research project: A guide
for students (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
· Chapter 2, “Preparing: Project Management, Ethics and
Getting Clearance” (pp. 34-36)