Presented by Mirza Anas Trainee Associate Engineer

1. PREPARED BY
ANAS MIRZA
APPRENTICE ENGINEER
BQPS-1
31-03-2020

2. DEFINATION
Operator maintenance is the necessary, routine, recurring maintenance work
performed by the operators to keep the equipment in such condition that it may be used continuously, at
its original or designed capacity and efficiency for its intended purpose. The operator is actually the
most important member of the maintenance team. A well-informed and responsible operator can do the
following:
1. Keep equipment in service for maximum periods of time.
2. Detect any flaws so equipment can be removed from service in time to prevent serious damages.
3. Perform minor repairs on equipment removed from service to minimize outage time.

3. PLANT START UP & SHUT DOWN
Proper start up, loading, load changing procedures and shut down, this procedure gain importance
when undergo frequent starting and loading cycle.
Start-Up and Shut-Down
Start-up and shut-down of a thermal power plant comprises starting, running, and stopping of pumps,
fans, blowers, compressors, etc., and charging, filling, warming, isolating of the miscellaneous piping
systems. In this chapter start-up and shut-down of major equipment such as steam generator, steam turbine,
gas turbine, and diesel engine are addressed. There are four types of start-up – cold, warm, hot, and very hot.
There are two types of shut-downs: normal and emergency shutdown. Start-up and (normal) shut-down of a
unit involve huge number of parallel activities that are realized through multiple actions by operators.

4. Limitation
• Thermal stresses
• Vibration
• Rotor and Shell differential expansion
• An of these limitation may be introduced by subjecting the turbine metal to steam excessive
temperature mismatch and / or rate of temperature change.
Terms used in cold start up procedure
• Turbine pre warming
• Heat Soaking
• Chest Warming
Start up Modes
Turbine start up procedure depends up on the modes of turbine start-up which depends upon the
thermal condition o turbine that is, the meal temperature of critical part of turbine.
• Ambient Cold Start
• Overhaul Cold Start
• Cold Start
• Warm Start
• Hot Start
• Very Hot Start

5. Pre conditions of Turbine Start Up
• Condensate system should be in service.
• Circulation water system should be in service.
• Feed water system should be in service.
• All turbine instrument and controls in working condition.
• Boiler fired for steam generation and steam of desired parameters available for start up process.
• All turbine sub systems such as oil system turning gear system gland seal system condenser, lp
turbine exhaust hood system should be ready.
START UP
• Warm Start Up: boiler fire and steam of 80 bars.
• Hot Start Up: boiler fire and steam of 100 bars.
• Nary Hot Start Up: boiler fire and steam of 140 bars.

6. CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
SHUTDOWN MAINTENANCE
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
TIME BASE
MAINTANANCE
CONDITION BASE
MAINTANANCE
TYPES OF MAINTANANCE

7. PURPOSE OF MAINTANANCE
ATTEMPT TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE OF PRODUCT EQUIPMENT
EFFICIENTLY AND REGULARLY. PREVENT REAK DOWN
OR FAILURES.MINIMIZE PRODUCTION LOSS FROM FAILURES. INCREASE
RELIABILITY OF THE OPERATING SYSTEM
Maintenance Objectives
The main objective of maintenance is to achieve product quality
and customer satisfaction through adjusted and service equipment.
• Must be consist with the goal of production(cost, quality, delivery, safety)
• Must be comprehensive and include specific responsibilities.
• Must be in time repairs and troubleshoots.
• Must be zero repetitive failures.
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
Preventive maintenance inspection (PMI) is a system of routine inspections of
equipment recorded for future reference on some type of inspection record. The purpose of
PMI is to anticipate and prevent possible equipment failures by making periodic inspections
and minor repairs in advance of major operating difficulties.

8. WORK PERMIT SYSTEM
Type of Work Permits
• Limited work permit
• Permit to work
• Confined space permit
• Hot work permit
• Restoration of power supply
Safe Work Permits
the company requires evaluation of very hazardous, non-routine jobs for which there is no safe job
procedures or approved job safety plans.
GOALS AND OBJECTIVE OF WORK PERMIT
At the end of this session you will be familiar with jobs requiring safe work permits.be generally
familiar with the safe work permit system.
There are currently three documents which are called “safe work permits”
• Hot work permit
• Confined space entry permit
• Safe work permit system

9. SAFETY FIRST BEFORE START ANY WORK

10. THANK YOU