Research beginners

1. Physico-chemical quality of
selected drinking water sources
ofMuni community of Arua
district in Uganda.
Presented by:
Amati Ronald
Std No: 2001200177.

2. Introduction
• Among some of the important compounds of the ecosystem and all
living organisms on earth is water that is vital for survival and growth.
It is used for different purposes such as drinking,cooking,agricultural
activities, industrial activities,transportation,recreation among other
purposes(Simpi etal,2011).
• Fresh water lakes,rivers,streams and ground water sources such as
hand dug wells and borehole water are the major surface water
sources. Howerver,for domestic use purposes both in urban and rural
areas of the world, ground water is the major source of water.

3. Cont,,
• It contains 90% of the fresh water sources and is an important quality
water(S. Kamani and R. Gandhimathi,2013)
• Due to several factors such as increase in population, rapid
industrialization,unplanned urbanization and too much use of
fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture, ground water quality has
become an important water sources issue( Joarder etal 2008).
• Besides other essentials of life is a good quality of water but the
occurrence of the physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals
above the permissible standerds make it unsafe for drinking.

4. Cont,,
• Human population is a victim of water borne diseases and therefore
at regular time intervals, there is needto check the quality of drinking
water (Simpi etal,2011).
• There is inadequacy in supply of potable water in developing
countries as such the majorities of the populations in th developing
countries are likely to use water from sources such as shallow wells,
boreholes with high potential of contamination and provide the
unsafe water for home use and drinking purposes (WHO,2011

5. Cont,,
• The information that will be obtained from this study will enable
health regulatory and water authorities to monitor water sources.

6. Statement of problem
• Besides commercialized tap water, boreholes,shallow wells and spring
water are the major sources of water for drinking and other domestic
purposes for Muni community yet little is known about the physico-
chemical quality of these water sources and also whether the levels
of the different physico-chemical parameters of these drinking water
sources are within the limits recommended by world health
organization is not known.
• This study will aim at addressing the gap in knowledge mentioned
above.

7. Main objective:
• To assess the physico-chemical quality of selected drinking water
sources of Muni community.

8. Specific objectives:
• To find out the levels of different physico-chemical parameters ie
temperature,ph,conductivity,total dissolved solids, total
alkalinity,total hardness,calcim,magnesium and chloride.
• To compare the results obtained from the study with minimum values
recommended by world health organization.

9. Scope of the study.
• This study will be carried out within Muni community and will strictly
be carried on some physico chemical analysis such as temperature,
ph, conductivity ,Total hardness, calcium, magnesium, total dissolved
solids only because determining all the physico chemical parameters
requires alot of resourses.

10. Significance/justification of study
• Many chemicals found in drinking water sources may be the cause of
adverse human health effects, affect the acceptability of water and
lower the effectiveness of water treatment.
• The health impacts related to chemicals in drinking water are mainly
those that cause adverse effects after long term exposure. The
severity of this health effect depend upon the chemical, its
concentration as well as length of exposure. For example if the
concentration of sodium exceeds the recommended , it may cause
increase in blood pressure(FDDEP2014)

11. Cont,,
• In Muni community,little is known about the status of the physico-
chemical quality of the main drinking water sources such as the
boreholes,shallow wells,and springs. More so, whether the levels of
the different physico-chemical parameters of these drinking water
sources are within the recommendations of the world health
organization is not well known.
• Therefore, this study will aim at assessing the levels of some physico-
chemical parameters of the main drinking water sources in Muni
community.

12. Data collection and analysis
• Samples of water shall be collected from the different water sources
and the physico-chemical parameters ie
temperature,ph,conductivity,total dissolved solids, total alkalinity,
total hardness, magnesium,calcium and chloride in them determined.
• Temperature will be determined using thermometer, ph by ph
meter,total hardness by EDTA titrimetric method, calcium by EDTA
titrimetricmethod, magnesium concentration determined by
difference after analysis of total hardness and calcium, chloride by
argentometric method,conductivity by conductivity meter

13. Statistical analysis
• Microsoft excel and IBM SPSS 20 for windows software will be used
for the statistical analysis of the median and other varriables

14. References
• FDEP (2014) Inorganic contaminants.
http://dep.state.fl.us/water/drinkingwater/inorgcon.htm. Accessed 23 Jul
2015.
• B. Simpi, S. M. Hiremath, K. N. S. Murthy, K. N. Chandrashekarappa, A. N.
Patel, and E. T. Puttiah, “Analysis of water quality using physicochemical
parameters Hosahalli Tank in Shimoga District, Karnataka, India,” Global
Journal of Science Frontier Research, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 31–34, 2011..
• S. Kanmani and R. Gandhimathi, “Investigation of physicochemical
characteristics and heavy metal distribution profile in groundwater system
around the open dump site,” Applied Water Science, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 387–
399, 2013.

15. Cont,,
• M. A. Joarder, F. Raihan, J. B. Alam, and S. Hasanuzzaman, “Regression
analysis of groundwater quality data of Sunamjang district, Bangladesh,”
International Journal of Environmental Research, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 291–296,
2008.
• B. Simpi, S. M. Hiremath, K. N. S. Murthy, K. N. Chandrashekarappa, A. N.
Patel, and E. T. Puttiah, “Analysis of water quality using physicochemical
parameters Hosahalli Tank in Shimoga District, Karnataka, India,” Global
Journal of Science Frontier Research, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 31–34, 2011.
• WHO, Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland,
4th edition, 2011..

16. Cont,,
Thanks for listening!!