Earth changing continue
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An earthquake is when the earth shakes strongly causing huge cracks, a volcano is an opening in the earth's crust, and a landslide occurs when rocks and soil slide from higher to lower ground.
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Agv presentation
A convergent boundary occurs when two tectonic plates move toward each other, with one plate subducting under the other. This can create a subduction zone and result in volcanic activity and earthquakes along the boundary. When one plate subducts downward into the mantle, it melts from the heat and pressure, causing volcanoes to form on the other plate above.
How tides work
Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun on Earth's oceans, with the moon having the strongest influence due to its closer proximity. Other factors like strong winds, underwater seismic events, and explosions can also influence tidal patterns and heights to a lesser extent. The regular waxing and waning of the tides is due to Earth's revolution around the sun and the moon's revolution around Earth.
Earthquake Basics
Seismology is the study of earthquakes, which occur when stress causes rocks under the Earth's crust to elastically deform until they break, rebounding and snapping back into their original shape. This elastic rebound releases energy in the form of seismic waves, causing the shaking that defines an earthquake. Faults form from tectonic stresses and are breaks in the Earth's crust. The focus is the point within the earth where an earthquake originates, while the epicenter is the point on the surface directly above the focus.
Our changing earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only object in the Universe known to harbor life. According to radiometric dating and other sources of evidence, Earth formed over 4 billion years ago.[24][25][26] Earth's gravity interacts with other objects in space, especially the Sun and the Moon, Earth's only natural satellite. Earth revolves around the Sun in 365.26 days, a period known as an Earth year. During this time, Earth rotates about its axis about 366.26 times.[n 5]
Earth's axis of rotation is tilted, producing seasonal variations on the planet's surface.[27] The gravitational interaction between the Earth and Moon causes ocean tides, stabilizes the Earth's orientation on its axis, and gradually slows its rotation.[28] Earth is the densest planet in the Solar System and the largest of the four terrestrial planets.
Earth's lithosphere is divided into several rigid tectonic plates that migrate across the surface over periods of many millions of years. About 71% of Earth's surface is covered with water, mostly by oceans.[29] The remaining 29% is land consisting of continents and islands that together have many lakes, rivers and other sources of water that contribute to the hydrosphere. The majority of Earth's polar regions are covered in ice, including the Antarctic ice sheet and the sea ice of the Arctic ice pack. Earth's interior remains active with a solid iron inner core, a liquid outer core that generates the Earth's magnetic field, and a convecting mantle that drives plate tectonics.
Within the first billion years of Earth's history, life appeared in the oceans and began to affect the Earth's atmosphere and surface, leading to the proliferation of aerobic and anaerobic organisms. Some geological evidence indicates that life may have arisen as much as 4.1 billion years ago. Since then, the combination of Earth's distance from the Sun, physical properties, and geological history have allowed life to evolve and thrive.[30][31] In the history of the Earth, biodiversity has gone through long periods of expansion, occasionally punctuated by mass extinction events. Over 99% of all species[32] that ever lived on Earth are extinct.[33][34] Estimates of the number of species on Earth today vary widely;[35][36][37] most species have not been described.[38] Over 7.4 billion humans live on Earth and depend on its biosphere and natural resources for their survival. Humans have developed diverse societies and cultures; politically, the world has about 200 sovereign states.
2nd Hour Group 4
The document discusses plate tectonics and how it relates to volcanoes and earthquakes. It explains that volcanoes occur when plates move apart and spew hot lava, while earthquakes happen when plates rub together in opposite directions. Plate tectonics was proposed in the 1960s and suggests that Earth's outer layer is made of plates that float on the asthenosphere, causing volcanic eruptions and earthquakes that can damage homes and infrastructure.
Science 4.3.5
This document discusses how various natural forces shape the Earth's surface through erosion and deposition over long periods of time. It provides examples of how wind erodes rock formations into unique shapes over hundreds of thousands of years. Waves similarly erode cliffs by carrying away tiny pieces. The Grand Canyon was formed by different erosion processes over millions of years. Glaciers can also reshape landscapes by pushing material as they advance and withdraw, leaving gouges that become features like the Great Lakes. The Appalachian Mountains have eroded from their original height due to weathering over extremely long timescales.
Chapter 6 (other related geological hazard)
Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
Chapter 6 (other related geological hazards)
1. Landslide
2. Sinkhole
Plate tectonics
Mantle convection is the driving force behind plate tectonics. Heat rises within the Earth's mantle, causing the lithosphere plates to move over long periods of time. Mantle plumes are abnormally hot regions within the mantle that can partially melt and cause volcanism when they reach the Earth's surface. Hot spots form as oceanic plates move over mantle plumes, creating volcanic island chains. Plate tectonics results in geological structures like folds and faults at plate boundaries and causes the formation of mountain ranges, rift valleys at spreading centers, and deep ocean trenches.
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Agv presentation
A convergent boundary occurs when two tectonic plates move toward each other, with one plate subducting under the other. This can create a subduction zone and result in volcanic activity and earthquakes along the boundary. When one plate subducts downward into the mantle, it melts from the heat and pressure, causing volcanoes to form on the other plate above.
How tides work
Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun on Earth's oceans, with the moon having the strongest influence due to its closer proximity. Other factors like strong winds, underwater seismic events, and explosions can also influence tidal patterns and heights to a lesser extent. The regular waxing and waning of the tides is due to Earth's revolution around the sun and the moon's revolution around Earth.
Earthquake Basics
Seismology is the study of earthquakes, which occur when stress causes rocks under the Earth's crust to elastically deform until they break, rebounding and snapping back into their original shape. This elastic rebound releases energy in the form of seismic waves, causing the shaking that defines an earthquake. Faults form from tectonic stresses and are breaks in the Earth's crust. The focus is the point within the earth where an earthquake originates, while the epicenter is the point on the surface directly above the focus.
Our changing earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only object in the Universe known to harbor life. According to radiometric dating and other sources of evidence, Earth formed over 4 billion years ago.[24][25][26] Earth's gravity interacts with other objects in space, especially the Sun and the Moon, Earth's only natural satellite. Earth revolves around the Sun in 365.26 days, a period known as an Earth year. During this time, Earth rotates about its axis about 366.26 times.[n 5]
Earth's axis of rotation is tilted, producing seasonal variations on the planet's surface.[27] The gravitational interaction between the Earth and Moon causes ocean tides, stabilizes the Earth's orientation on its axis, and gradually slows its rotation.[28] Earth is the densest planet in the Solar System and the largest of the four terrestrial planets.
Earth's lithosphere is divided into several rigid tectonic plates that migrate across the surface over periods of many millions of years. About 71% of Earth's surface is covered with water, mostly by oceans.[29] The remaining 29% is land consisting of continents and islands that together have many lakes, rivers and other sources of water that contribute to the hydrosphere. The majority of Earth's polar regions are covered in ice, including the Antarctic ice sheet and the sea ice of the Arctic ice pack. Earth's interior remains active with a solid iron inner core, a liquid outer core that generates the Earth's magnetic field, and a convecting mantle that drives plate tectonics.
Within the first billion years of Earth's history, life appeared in the oceans and began to affect the Earth's atmosphere and surface, leading to the proliferation of aerobic and anaerobic organisms. Some geological evidence indicates that life may have arisen as much as 4.1 billion years ago. Since then, the combination of Earth's distance from the Sun, physical properties, and geological history have allowed life to evolve and thrive.[30][31] In the history of the Earth, biodiversity has gone through long periods of expansion, occasionally punctuated by mass extinction events. Over 99% of all species[32] that ever lived on Earth are extinct.[33][34] Estimates of the number of species on Earth today vary widely;[35][36][37] most species have not been described.[38] Over 7.4 billion humans live on Earth and depend on its biosphere and natural resources for their survival. Humans have developed diverse societies and cultures; politically, the world has about 200 sovereign states.
2nd Hour Group 4
The document discusses plate tectonics and how it relates to volcanoes and earthquakes. It explains that volcanoes occur when plates move apart and spew hot lava, while earthquakes happen when plates rub together in opposite directions. Plate tectonics was proposed in the 1960s and suggests that Earth's outer layer is made of plates that float on the asthenosphere, causing volcanic eruptions and earthquakes that can damage homes and infrastructure.
Science 4.3.5
This document discusses how various natural forces shape the Earth's surface through erosion and deposition over long periods of time. It provides examples of how wind erodes rock formations into unique shapes over hundreds of thousands of years. Waves similarly erode cliffs by carrying away tiny pieces. The Grand Canyon was formed by different erosion processes over millions of years. Glaciers can also reshape landscapes by pushing material as they advance and withdraw, leaving gouges that become features like the Great Lakes. The Appalachian Mountains have eroded from their original height due to weathering over extremely long timescales.
Chapter 6 (other related geological hazard)
Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
Chapter 6 (other related geological hazards)
1. Landslide
2. Sinkhole
Plate tectonics
Mantle convection is the driving force behind plate tectonics. Heat rises within the Earth's mantle, causing the lithosphere plates to move over long periods of time. Mantle plumes are abnormally hot regions within the mantle that can partially melt and cause volcanism when they reach the Earth's surface. Hot spots form as oceanic plates move over mantle plumes, creating volcanic island chains. Plate tectonics results in geological structures like folds and faults at plate boundaries and causes the formation of mountain ranges, rift valleys at spreading centers, and deep ocean trenches.
Chapter 12 Volcanoes
Volcanoes form at boundaries where tectonic plates meet, such as at divergent boundaries like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge or at convergent boundaries. The type of eruption depends on the composition of the magma and amount of gases; basaltic magma produces quiet eruptions while magma rich in silica or water causes explosive eruptions. The resulting volcano shape is also influenced by the eruption - shield volcanoes form from fluid basalt lava, cinder cones from tephra ejected in explosions, and composite volcanoes feature layers from both eruption types.
Our Changing Earth (Grade 7)
1. The document discusses the two main types of forces that cause changes on Earth's surface: endogenic (endogenous) forces and exogenic (exogenous) forces.
2. Endogenic forces occur beneath the surface and cause natural disasters like earthquakes, volcanoes, and changes in landforms. They result from plate tectonic activity.
3. Exogenic forces occur above the surface and include the erosional and depositional forces of air, water, ice, and wind. They shape landforms at the Earth's surface like sea caves, sand dunes, and deltas.
Our changing earth
This document provides information about different types of earth movements and landforms. It discusses endogenic and exogenic forces that cause volcanoes and earthquakes from within and outside the earth. Volcanoes form from magma rising through cracks and releasing pressure at plate boundaries. Earthquakes result from vibrations caused by plate movement, with an epicenter and focus point. Weathering and erosion shape the landscape over time, forming features like waterfalls, meanders, and oxbow lakes in rivers and sea caves, arches, and stacks along coastal regions. Wind can also shape the earth, producing mushroom rocks in deserts and sand dunes that accumulate when winds slow.
Earthquakes
Earthquakes occur along fault lines as a result of tectonic plate movement and built up stress being released. They can cause significant damage depending on their magnitude, proximity to populated areas, and local soil and construction practices. Major earthquake zones exist along plate boundaries where tectonic plates converge, diverge, or move past each other. The largest, most destructive quakes occur in subduction zones. To minimize earthquake risk, communities can educate citizens, construct earthquake-resistant buildings, and implement emergency planning and insurance.
Erosional forces
Erosion is the wearing away and movement of surface materials by forces like water, wind, or glaciers. There are several types of erosion including plucking by glaciers, which picks up debris, and abrasion, where wind acts like a sandblaster wearing down rocks. Wind erosion can scatter dust over large areas through deflation and form sand dunes or dust storms in dry, unvegetated regions. Glaciers are powerful erosion agents that can carve U-shaped valleys and leave behind deposits like moraines, eskers, and till when they melt. Erosion shapes the Earth's surface over time.
Liquefaction
An earthquake is caused by the sudden displacement of rock in the Earth's crust due to crustal strain, volcanoes, landslides, or collapsing caverns. Earthquakes can cause ground shaking, landslides, fires, soil liquefaction, tsunamis, floods, and damage human infrastructure. Soil liquefaction occurs when saturated granular soils like silty sands or sandy gravels lose strength during an earthquake or sudden stress change and behave like liquid, which can damage buildings and cause them to sink or tilt.
The rockcycle
The rock cycle describes how rocks are continuously transformed between three main types - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks - through geological processes such as erosion, deposition, burial, melting, and crystallization. Igneous rock is weathered into sediment and deposited to form sedimentary rock, which is then buried and altered by heat and pressure into metamorphic rock. Metamorphic rock can be melted into magma and erupt as new igneous rock, restarting the cycle.
Weathering and erosion
The document discusses how the Earth's surface is constantly changing through various weathering and erosion processes. It describes three main types of weathering - physical weathering caused by water, wind, and ice, which breaks down rock and sediment. Erosion is then defined as the movement and transport of this weathered material by water, wind, ice, or gravity. Specific examples of erosion by each of these forces are given, such as glacial erosion, water erosion, and landslides caused by gravity. The document concludes by discussing related geologic processes like deposition, which forms new landforms over time like deltas, canyons, meanders, and floodplains through the deposition of eroded sediments.
2.3 - Internal Forces
The document summarizes plate tectonics and its relationship to various geological phenomena. There are three main types of plate boundaries - divergent where plates move apart, convergent where they collide in subduction or collision zones, and transform where they slide past each other. Plate movement is responsible for volcanoes, earthquakes, and mountain building. Earthquakes occur when stress builds up at faults until the plates suddenly slip, releasing energy. Tsunamis are large sea waves generated by earthquakes or landslides that flood coastal areas.
Makeup of the earth, lesson 1
The document discusses the different types of landforms found on Earth's surface, which make up 1/4 of the planet not covered by water. It describes mountains, plains, and plateaus as the main landforms. It then focuses on how volcanoes and earthquakes continually change and shape the surface by creating new land features, destroying existing ones, and causing the ground to shake, respectively. Volcanoes form from magma breaking through the crust, while earthquakes are caused by movements along faults in the Earth's tectonic plates.
Landforms vocab guide
Remember, you don't have to be able give definitions for all the vocabulary. Key Ideas are Weathering, Erosion, Deposition and fast vs slow Earth changing processes.
Slides on our changing earth
The lithospheric plates slowly move due to movement of magma inside the Earth, causing changes on the surface. During an earthquake, safe spots are under sturdy furniture away from fireplaces, windows and falling objects. People should spread awareness about earthquake preparedness among friends and family. A 1999 earthquake in Bhuj, India measured 6.9 on the Richter scale.
Intorduction to Volcanology, Weathering, Erotion, Dispertion and Soil.
i've taken slides combined them and aded a few details.
Chapter 2 section 3
Internal Forces Shaping the Earth discusses plate tectonics and how the movement of tectonic plates causes earthquakes and volcanic activity. Tectonic plates move in four main ways - spreading, subduction, collision, and shearing - which reshapes the Earth's surface over time. Earthquakes occur when plates suddenly slip or grind past each other at fault lines. Most earthquakes and volcanoes are located at boundaries where tectonic plates meet, such as the Ring of Fire around the Pacific Ocean.
Our earth
The document discusses various geological features formed by different earth processes. It describes lithospheric plates, which are composed of continental and oceanic plates, and how earthquakes and volcanoes commonly occur at their boundaries. It then explains different landforms created by internal forces like volcanoes and earthquakes, and external forces like weathering, erosion, wind and water flow including glaciers, sand dunes, waterfalls and deltas.
Kane's Presentation
Earthquakes occur when tectonic plates shift beneath the Earth's surface, causing the ground to shake and sometimes displace. Large offshore earthquakes can displace the seabed enough to create tsunamis. Earthquakes may also trigger landslides or volcanic eruptions in rare cases. Volcanic eruptions happen when gas and magma build up underground, releasing lava, rocks, and ash during more explosive eruptions. Eruptions with less gas and thicker magma tend to be less dramatic and result in lava flows from the vent.
Plates of the earth
actually thanks for the slideshare !!!!! i took a little help from yhis website so i log in to this to help others
Earthquake power point
The document discusses earthquakes and their causes and effects. It notes that earthquakes can kill people and damage buildings when they occur. The movement of tectonic plates beneath the earth's surface can cause earthquakes when the plates shift or collide. A specific earthquake that occurred in Beijing in June 2011 is described, where over 1,000 structures were destroyed, at least 25 people were killed, and 250 were injured. Rescue workers helped survivors and orphaned children were taken in by other families.
Our changing earth
This document summarizes the key forces that shape the Earth's surface - lithospheric plates, endogenic forces from inside the Earth, and exogenic forces from outside. It provides examples of specific landforms created by these forces, including earthquakes, volcanoes, rivers, sea waves, glaciers, and wind. Rivers form landforms like waterfalls, meanders, ox-bow lakes, deltas, and floodplains. Sea waves create sea caves, arches, stacks, and sea cliffs. Glaciers form lakes and moraines, while wind shapes mushroom rocks, sand dunes, and loess deposits.
Why does it seems that the sun move
The document discusses the motion of the Earth and how it causes day and night as well as apparent motion of the sun. It explains that the Earth rotates on its axis every 24 hours, which causes one side of the Earth to face the sun while the other side faces away, creating day and night. It also discusses how the Earth revolves around the sun over the course of 365 days.
Presentation1
All living things go through life cycles that involve different stages of development. The butterfly's life cycle has four main stages: egg, caterpillar, pupa, and adult butterfly. As a caterpillar, it eats leaves and grows quickly before forming a pupa and undergoing transformation inside until emerging as a young butterfly and finally a mature adult butterfly that can lay new eggs.
How can a simple machine reduce force
Simple machines make work easier by changing the amount or direction of force needed. There are six basic types of simple machines: the lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, screw, and wedge. Compound machines combine two or more simple machines; examples include scissors, bicycles, and wheelbarrows.
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Chapter 12 Volcanoes
Volcanoes form at boundaries where tectonic plates meet, such as at divergent boundaries like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge or at convergent boundaries. The type of eruption depends on the composition of the magma and amount of gases; basaltic magma produces quiet eruptions while magma rich in silica or water causes explosive eruptions. The resulting volcano shape is also influenced by the eruption - shield volcanoes form from fluid basalt lava, cinder cones from tephra ejected in explosions, and composite volcanoes feature layers from both eruption types.
Our Changing Earth (Grade 7)
1. The document discusses the two main types of forces that cause changes on Earth's surface: endogenic (endogenous) forces and exogenic (exogenous) forces.
2. Endogenic forces occur beneath the surface and cause natural disasters like earthquakes, volcanoes, and changes in landforms. They result from plate tectonic activity.
3. Exogenic forces occur above the surface and include the erosional and depositional forces of air, water, ice, and wind. They shape landforms at the Earth's surface like sea caves, sand dunes, and deltas.
Our changing earth
This document provides information about different types of earth movements and landforms. It discusses endogenic and exogenic forces that cause volcanoes and earthquakes from within and outside the earth. Volcanoes form from magma rising through cracks and releasing pressure at plate boundaries. Earthquakes result from vibrations caused by plate movement, with an epicenter and focus point. Weathering and erosion shape the landscape over time, forming features like waterfalls, meanders, and oxbow lakes in rivers and sea caves, arches, and stacks along coastal regions. Wind can also shape the earth, producing mushroom rocks in deserts and sand dunes that accumulate when winds slow.
Earthquakes
Earthquakes occur along fault lines as a result of tectonic plate movement and built up stress being released. They can cause significant damage depending on their magnitude, proximity to populated areas, and local soil and construction practices. Major earthquake zones exist along plate boundaries where tectonic plates converge, diverge, or move past each other. The largest, most destructive quakes occur in subduction zones. To minimize earthquake risk, communities can educate citizens, construct earthquake-resistant buildings, and implement emergency planning and insurance.
Erosional forces
Erosion is the wearing away and movement of surface materials by forces like water, wind, or glaciers. There are several types of erosion including plucking by glaciers, which picks up debris, and abrasion, where wind acts like a sandblaster wearing down rocks. Wind erosion can scatter dust over large areas through deflation and form sand dunes or dust storms in dry, unvegetated regions. Glaciers are powerful erosion agents that can carve U-shaped valleys and leave behind deposits like moraines, eskers, and till when they melt. Erosion shapes the Earth's surface over time.
Liquefaction
An earthquake is caused by the sudden displacement of rock in the Earth's crust due to crustal strain, volcanoes, landslides, or collapsing caverns. Earthquakes can cause ground shaking, landslides, fires, soil liquefaction, tsunamis, floods, and damage human infrastructure. Soil liquefaction occurs when saturated granular soils like silty sands or sandy gravels lose strength during an earthquake or sudden stress change and behave like liquid, which can damage buildings and cause them to sink or tilt.
The rockcycle
The rock cycle describes how rocks are continuously transformed between three main types - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks - through geological processes such as erosion, deposition, burial, melting, and crystallization. Igneous rock is weathered into sediment and deposited to form sedimentary rock, which is then buried and altered by heat and pressure into metamorphic rock. Metamorphic rock can be melted into magma and erupt as new igneous rock, restarting the cycle.
Weathering and erosion
The document discusses how the Earth's surface is constantly changing through various weathering and erosion processes. It describes three main types of weathering - physical weathering caused by water, wind, and ice, which breaks down rock and sediment. Erosion is then defined as the movement and transport of this weathered material by water, wind, ice, or gravity. Specific examples of erosion by each of these forces are given, such as glacial erosion, water erosion, and landslides caused by gravity. The document concludes by discussing related geologic processes like deposition, which forms new landforms over time like deltas, canyons, meanders, and floodplains through the deposition of eroded sediments.
2.3 - Internal Forces
The document summarizes plate tectonics and its relationship to various geological phenomena. There are three main types of plate boundaries - divergent where plates move apart, convergent where they collide in subduction or collision zones, and transform where they slide past each other. Plate movement is responsible for volcanoes, earthquakes, and mountain building. Earthquakes occur when stress builds up at faults until the plates suddenly slip, releasing energy. Tsunamis are large sea waves generated by earthquakes or landslides that flood coastal areas.
Makeup of the earth, lesson 1
The document discusses the different types of landforms found on Earth's surface, which make up 1/4 of the planet not covered by water. It describes mountains, plains, and plateaus as the main landforms. It then focuses on how volcanoes and earthquakes continually change and shape the surface by creating new land features, destroying existing ones, and causing the ground to shake, respectively. Volcanoes form from magma breaking through the crust, while earthquakes are caused by movements along faults in the Earth's tectonic plates.
Landforms vocab guide
Remember, you don't have to be able give definitions for all the vocabulary. Key Ideas are Weathering, Erosion, Deposition and fast vs slow Earth changing processes.
Slides on our changing earth
The lithospheric plates slowly move due to movement of magma inside the Earth, causing changes on the surface. During an earthquake, safe spots are under sturdy furniture away from fireplaces, windows and falling objects. People should spread awareness about earthquake preparedness among friends and family. A 1999 earthquake in Bhuj, India measured 6.9 on the Richter scale.
Intorduction to Volcanology, Weathering, Erotion, Dispertion and Soil.
i've taken slides combined them and aded a few details.
Chapter 2 section 3
Internal Forces Shaping the Earth discusses plate tectonics and how the movement of tectonic plates causes earthquakes and volcanic activity. Tectonic plates move in four main ways - spreading, subduction, collision, and shearing - which reshapes the Earth's surface over time. Earthquakes occur when plates suddenly slip or grind past each other at fault lines. Most earthquakes and volcanoes are located at boundaries where tectonic plates meet, such as the Ring of Fire around the Pacific Ocean.
Our earth
The document discusses various geological features formed by different earth processes. It describes lithospheric plates, which are composed of continental and oceanic plates, and how earthquakes and volcanoes commonly occur at their boundaries. It then explains different landforms created by internal forces like volcanoes and earthquakes, and external forces like weathering, erosion, wind and water flow including glaciers, sand dunes, waterfalls and deltas.
Kane's Presentation
Earthquakes occur when tectonic plates shift beneath the Earth's surface, causing the ground to shake and sometimes displace. Large offshore earthquakes can displace the seabed enough to create tsunamis. Earthquakes may also trigger landslides or volcanic eruptions in rare cases. Volcanic eruptions happen when gas and magma build up underground, releasing lava, rocks, and ash during more explosive eruptions. Eruptions with less gas and thicker magma tend to be less dramatic and result in lava flows from the vent.
Plates of the earth
actually thanks for the slideshare !!!!! i took a little help from yhis website so i log in to this to help others
Earthquake power point
The document discusses earthquakes and their causes and effects. It notes that earthquakes can kill people and damage buildings when they occur. The movement of tectonic plates beneath the earth's surface can cause earthquakes when the plates shift or collide. A specific earthquake that occurred in Beijing in June 2011 is described, where over 1,000 structures were destroyed, at least 25 people were killed, and 250 were injured. Rescue workers helped survivors and orphaned children were taken in by other families.
Our changing earth
This document summarizes the key forces that shape the Earth's surface - lithospheric plates, endogenic forces from inside the Earth, and exogenic forces from outside. It provides examples of specific landforms created by these forces, including earthquakes, volcanoes, rivers, sea waves, glaciers, and wind. Rivers form landforms like waterfalls, meanders, ox-bow lakes, deltas, and floodplains. Sea waves create sea caves, arches, stacks, and sea cliffs. Glaciers form lakes and moraines, while wind shapes mushroom rocks, sand dunes, and loess deposits.
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Intorduction to Volcanology, Weathering, Erotion, Dispertion and Soil.
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Presentation1
All living things go through life cycles that involve different stages of development. The butterfly's life cycle has four main stages: egg, caterpillar, pupa, and adult butterfly. As a caterpillar, it eats leaves and grows quickly before forming a pupa and undergoing transformation inside until emerging as a young butterfly and finally a mature adult butterfly that can lay new eggs.
How can a simple machine reduce force
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An ecosystem is a place where living and non-living things interact, and can exist in various environments from wet to dry and small to large. In an ecosystem, living things depend on each other and non-living things like water, soil and sunlight. Producers like plants make their own food through photosynthesis, while consumers like animals obtain food by eating other organisms, and decomposers like worms break down dead plants and animals and return nutrients to the soil.
Habitat 180115095217
This document discusses habitats and the different animals that live in each one. It explains that a habitat provides all the needs for animals to survive, including food, water and shelter. It then identifies the five main habitats as ocean, forest, desert, grasslands, and Antarctica, and provides some example animals for each one. The habitats differ in their characteristics such as being wet or dry, hot or cold, containing trees, grass or snow.
Frog life cycle
The frog life cycle consists of 5 stages - eggs are laid in water, tadpoles hatch with gills and swim, tadpoles grow legs and lungs and become young frogs, young frogs resemble adult frogs and live on land, frogs undergo complete metamorphosis as each stage looks physically different.
Frog life cycle
The frog life cycle consists of 5 stages - adult frogs lay eggs in water that hatch into tadpoles with gills, the tadpoles then grow legs and lungs to become young frogs, and finally the young frogs mature into adult frogs that live on land.
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MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...
MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...ABHISHEK SONI NIMT INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL AND PARAMEDCIAL SCIENCES , GOVT PG COLLEGE NOIDA
Microbial interaction
Microorganisms interacts with each other and can be physically associated with another organisms in a variety of ways.
One organism can be located on the surface of another organism as an ectobiont or located within another organism as endobiont.
Microbial interaction may be positive such as mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism or may be negative such as parasitism, predation or competition
Types of microbial interaction
Positive interaction: mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism
Negative interaction: Ammensalism (antagonism), parasitism, predation, competition
I. Mutualism:
It is defined as the relationship in which each organism in interaction gets benefits from association. It is an obligatory relationship in which mutualist and host are metabolically dependent on each other.
Mutualistic relationship is very specific where one member of association cannot be replaced by another species.
Mutualism require close physical contact between interacting organisms.
Relationship of mutualism allows organisms to exist in habitat that could not occupied by either species alone.
Mutualistic relationship between organisms allows them to act as a single organism.
Examples of mutualism:
i. Lichens:
Lichens are excellent example of mutualism.
They are the association of specific fungi and certain genus of algae. In lichen, fungal partner is called mycobiont and algal partner is called
II. Syntrophism:
It is an association in which the growth of one organism either depends on or improved by the substrate provided by another organism.
In syntrophism both organism in association gets benefits.
Compound A
Utilized by population 1
Compound B
Utilized by population 2
Compound C
utilized by both Population 1+2
Products
In this theoretical example of syntrophism, population 1 is able to utilize and metabolize compound A, forming compound B but cannot metabolize beyond compound B without co-operation of population 2. Population 2is unable to utilize compound A but it can metabolize compound B forming compound C. Then both population 1 and 2 are able to carry out metabolic reaction which leads to formation of end product that neither population could produce alone.
Examples of syntrophism:
i. Methanogenic ecosystem in sludge digester
Methane produced by methanogenic bacteria depends upon interspecies hydrogen transfer by other fermentative bacteria.
Anaerobic fermentative bacteria generate CO2 and H2 utilizing carbohydrates which is then utilized by methanogenic bacteria (Methanobacter) to produce methane.
ii. Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis:
In the minimal media, Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis are able to grow together but not alone.
The synergistic relationship between E. faecalis and L. arobinosus occurs in which E. faecalis require folic acid
Analysis of Polygenic Traits (GPB-602)
Quantitative genetics – study of inheritance of quantitative characters or polygenic characters in experimental populations.
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and ReplicabilityUniversity of Rennes, INSA Rennes, Inria/IRISA, CNRS
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Abstract: Reproducibility (aka determinism in some cases) constitutes a fundamental aspect in various fields of computer science, such as floating-point computations in numerical analysis and simulation, concurrency models in parallelism, reproducible builds for third parties integration and packaging, and containerization for execution environments. These concepts, while pervasive across diverse concerns, often exhibit intricate inter-dependencies, making it challenging to achieve a comprehensive understanding. In this short and vision paper we delve into the application of software engineering techniques, specifically variability management, to systematically identify and explicit points of variability that may give rise to reproducibility issues (eg language, libraries, compiler, virtual machine, OS, environment variables, etc). The primary objectives are: i) gaining insights into the variability layers and their possible interactions, ii) capturing and documenting configurations for the sake of reproducibility, and iii) exploring diverse configurations to replicate, and hence validate and ensure the robustness of results. By adopting these methodologies, we aim to address the complexities associated with reproducibility and replicability in modern software systems and environments, facilitating a more comprehensive and nuanced perspective on these critical aspects.
https://hal.science/hal-04582287
一比一原版美国佩斯大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国佩斯大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
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1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
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校名:学校英文全称
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毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
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综上所述，办理美国佩斯大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
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Gadgets for management of stored product pests_Dr.UPR.pdf
Insectsplayamajorroleinthedeteriorationoffoodgrainscausingbothquantitativeandqualitativelosses
Wellprovedthatnogranariescanbefilledwithgrainswithoutinsectsastheharvestedproducecontainegg(or)larvae(or)pupae(or)adultinsectinthembecauseoffieldcarryoverinfestationwhichcannotbeavoidedindevelopingcountrieslikeIndia
Simpletechnologiesfortimelydetectionofinsectsinthestoredproduceandtherebyplantimelycontrolmeasures
TOPIC OF DISCUSSION: CENTRIFUGATION SLIDESHARE.pptx
Centrifugation is a powerful technique used in laboratories to separate components of a heterogeneous mixture based on their density. This process utilizes centrifugal force to rapidly spin samples, causing denser particles to migrate outward more quickly than lighter ones. As a result, distinct layers form within the sample tube, allowing for easy isolation and purification of target substances.
Mechanics:- Simple and Compound Pendulum
a compound pendulum is a physical system with a more complex structure than a simple pendulum, incorporating its mass distribution and dimensions into its oscillatory motion around a fixed axis. Understanding its dynamics involves principles of rotational mechanics and the interplay between gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy. Compound pendulums are used in various scientific and engineering applications, such as seismology for measuring earthquakes, in clocks to maintain accurate timekeeping, and in mechanical systems to study oscillatory motion dynamics.
SDSS1335+0728: The awakening of a ∼ 106M⊙ black hole⋆
Context. The early-type galaxy SDSS J133519.91+072807.4 (hereafter SDSS1335+0728), which had exhibited no prior optical variations during the preceding two decades, began showing significant nuclear variability in the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) alert stream from December 2019 (as ZTF19acnskyy). This variability behaviour, coupled with the host-galaxy properties, suggests that SDSS1335+0728 hosts a ∼ 106M⊙ black hole (BH) that is currently in the process of ‘turning on’. Aims. We present a multi-wavelength photometric analysis and spectroscopic follow-up performed with the aim of better understanding the origin of the nuclear variations detected in SDSS1335+0728. Methods. We used archival photometry (from WISE, 2MASS, SDSS, GALEX, eROSITA) and spectroscopic data (from SDSS and LAMOST) to study the state of SDSS1335+0728 prior to December 2019, and new observations from Swift, SOAR/Goodman, VLT/X-shooter, and Keck/LRIS taken after its turn-on to characterise its current state. We analysed the variability of SDSS1335+0728 in the X-ray/UV/optical/mid-infrared range, modelled its spectral energy distribution prior to and after December 2019, and studied the evolution of its UV/optical spectra. Results. From our multi-wavelength photometric analysis, we find that: (a) since 2021, the UV flux (from Swift/UVOT observations) is four times brighter than the flux reported by GALEX in 2004; (b) since June 2022, the mid-infrared flux has risen more than two times, and the W1−W2 WISE colour has become redder; and (c) since February 2024, the source has begun showing X-ray emission. From our spectroscopic follow-up, we see that (i) the narrow emission line ratios are now consistent with a more energetic ionising continuum; (ii) broad emission lines are not detected; and (iii) the [OIII] line increased its flux ∼ 3.6 years after the first ZTF alert, which implies a relatively compact narrow-line-emitting region. Conclusions. We conclude that the variations observed in SDSS1335+0728 could be either explained by a ∼ 106M⊙ AGN that is just turning on or by an exotic tidal disruption event (TDE). If the former is true, SDSS1335+0728 is one of the strongest cases of an AGNobserved in the process of activating. If the latter were found to be the case, it would correspond to the longest and faintest TDE ever observed (or another class of still unknown nuclear transient). Future observations of SDSS1335+0728 are crucial to further understand its behaviour. Key words. galaxies: active– accretion, accretion discs– galaxies: individual: SDSS J133519.91+072807.4
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Presentation given at the official farewell of Prof Ken Gillet at Wageningen on 13 June 2024
BIRDS DIVERSITY OF SOOTEA BISWANATH ASSAM.ppt.pptx
Ahota Beel, nestled in Sootea Biswanath Assam , is celebrated for its extraordinary diversity of bird species. This wetland sanctuary supports a myriad of avian residents and migrants alike. Visitors can admire the elegant flights of migratory species such as the Northern Pintail and Eurasian Wigeon, alongside resident birds including the Asian Openbill and Pheasant-tailed Jacana. With its tranquil scenery and varied habitats, Ahota Beel offers a perfect haven for birdwatchers to appreciate and study the vibrant birdlife that thrives in this natural refuge.
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TOPIC OF DISCUSSION: CENTRIFUGATION SLIDESHARE.pptx
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Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
BIRDS DIVERSITY OF SOOTEA BISWANATH ASSAM.ppt.pptx
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Earth changing continue
- 3. •The earth shakes very strongly, and a huge crack happens.
- 4. This is known as an Earthquake
- 7. •An opening in the earth’s crust.
- 8. • This is known as Volcano
- 11. •Happens when rocks and soil slide from higher to lower ground.
- 12. • This is known as a Landslide