This document discusses the human development index (HDI) and its importance as a measure of development. It provides background on what HDI measures - a long and healthy life, education, and standard of living. It then discusses some key points about HDI, including that India's HDI value has declined in recent years. Reasons given for India's lagging HDI include large slum populations, low education spending, lack of schemes for urban poor, and poor environmental treatment. The case of Bhutan is presented, which focuses on gross national happiness over material gains. The document concludes that HDI provides a measure of development beyond just economic factors.

1. PRESENTED BY – AMAN KUMAR (59622)

2. CONTENT
• INTRUDUCTION
• GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
• WHAT IS HDI
• IMPORTANCE
• THE CASE OF BHUTAN
• WHY INDIA IS LAGGING

3. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
GROWTH
1. Quantitative and value neutral change.
2. Positive or negative sign.
DEVELOPMENT
1. Qualitative change which is always value positive.
2. Development occurs when positive growth takes place.

4. WHAT IS HDI
• Pakistani economist Mahbub-ul-Haq developed
HDI .
• Tool of measure a country’s overall
achievement in social and economical
dimensions i.e a long and healthy life , access
to education , and a decent standard of living.
• In 1990 with the objective – “people are the real
wealth of nation”.
• It is calculated using the following four
indicators – life expectancy at birth , mean year
of schooling ,expected years of schooling , and
the gross national income(GNI).

8. IMPORTANCE
• The HDI gives an overall index of economic development.
• It does give a rough ability to make comparisons on issues of
economic welfare - much more than just using GDP statistics
show.
• It gives idea regarding areas of development which requires
improvement.
• Statistics gives better decision making for areas having wide
disparity.
• More focus on social & human development rather than only
capital accumulation and growth.

9. INDIA SLIP TWO PLACES
A UNDP report showed that India’s HDI
value stood at 0.633 in 2021 , which was
lower than the world average of 0.732 in
2020, too, India recorded a decline in its
HDI value (0.642) in comparison to the
pre-covid level of 2019(0.645).

11. WHY INDIA LAGGING IN HDI
• Large number of population in India lives in
slums that is around 158.4 million.
• 42 % children below 5 years age are
underweight and 59% stunted. Low spending
on education by the government.
• Lack of schemes for urban poor like NRHM
etc.
• India treats its environment poorly.

13. THE CASE BHUTAN
• Follows Gross National
Happiness(GNH) as a measure of
the country progress.
• During technological and material
progress they don’t harm the
environment as well as culture of
the country.
• The simple means material
progress cannot come at the cost
of happiness.

14. CONCLUSION
• The HDI gives an overall index of economic development.
• There are certain differences among different states
development conditions so there must be equal opportunities
for development for all.
• Some important issues are missing in HDI such as
infrastructure and some economic factors

15. THANK YOU