Future of wireless Communication : 5G

5th Generation Communication Technology (5G)
Presented BY : Alpna SinghAlpna Singh

What is 5G Technology and what is offers(Introduction)
Evolution from First generation(1G) to Fifth Generation(5G)
Comparison of changes between 1G to 5G.
Key Concepts and Architecture of 5G Technology
5G Service Enablers – meeting requirements (Software and hardware of
5G Technology )
Advantages /Disadvantage of 5G technoogy
Applications
Conclusion
References
Alpna Singh

• Only 5 years after the first 4G Smartphone appeared on the
market, telecom operators in developed countries are
putting technology to bring to hand the user 5G.
Alpna Singh

What is offers(Introduction)
Requirements
• 10x bandwidth per
connection
• Low-ms latency
• 100% coverage
• >10x connections
• 50Mbps per connection
everywhere
• 1000x bandwidth/area
• Real Time Access
• Reduction in TCO
Applications
• Enhanced Mobile BB
• Connected vehicles
• AR/VR
• S-UHD/3D Video
• Haptics/Sensing
• Massive IoT
• Remote machine control
• Mission critical services
• Fixed-wireless access
• …
Customer segments
• Consumer
• Auto industry
• Health
• Industry 4.0
• Agriculture
• Smart City/Public sector
• Smart building
• Utilities
• Education
• Transport
• …
Biz model
• B2C
• B2B
• B2B2C
Alpna Singh

Evolution Of Technology
Alpna Singh

• Mobile Internet Networks fifth generation is expected to be a platform
World Wide Wireless Web (wwww) perfect to connect anywhere on
earth.
• A wireless world really, where we can access through the Internet
without encountering barriers, restrictions in terms of space and time.
In essence, the 5G network has developed on the basis of the 4G but at
a higher level.
• Each time a mobile or portable cellular subscriber passes from one cell
into another, the network automatically switches coverage
responsibility from one base station to another. Each base-station
transition, as well as the switching processor sequence itself, is called
HAND OFF.
• In a properly functioning network, handoff occurs smoothly, without
gaps in communications and without confusion about which base
station should be dealing with the subscriber. Subscribers to a network
need not do anything to make handoff take place, nor should they have
to think about the process or about which base station is dealing with
the signals at any given moment.
* Key Points
Alpna Singh

Key Concepts and Architecture of 5G Technology
Alpna Singh

5G Service Enablers – meeting requirements
Legacy Bands
3 GHz 30 GHz700 MHz
New Bands
18 27
mmWave
RFIC
Wide
Coverage
Antenna
mmWave System/RFIC/Ant. New Channel Coding Network Slicing
< 6 GHz MIMO Connectivity (IoT) Low Latency NW
Half
-Wavelength
Grant-Free
Multiple Access
Grant-based
Multiple Access
eNB
UE
3~4 Step
eNB
UE
1 Step
① Radio
Information
② TCP Rate
Control
ServerMobile BS
Data
LDPC (Low-Density Parity-Check )
Alpna Singh

1. mmWave System/RFIC/Ant
• Create integrated circuits (ICs) operating at millimeter-wave and terahertz frequencies
(60 GHz and beyond)
• Mainstream Inexpensive fabrication technology that creates computer chips, digital
cameras, and USB thumb drives
•“On-chip Antennas” –low-cost, low-power antennas fabricated directly on an IC chip
Why mmWave?
•Huge amounts of wireless spectrum available (currently
unused)
•Low power, light weight, won’t vibrate loose.
•Tiny metal sheets available on Ics to fabricate
mmWave/THz antennas
•Reduces fabrication costs
Alpna Singh

mmWave System/RFIC/Ant
Alpna Singh

2.New Channel Coding LDPC (Low-Density Parity-Check )
5G AN uses LDPC for channel coding on the traffic channel. LDPC corrects channel errors by
maintaining parity bits for a selection of the data bits. The figure below shows the relation
between the data and parity bits. Most data bits are backed by multiple parity bits. When a
parity check failure is detected, information from the multiple parity bits can be used to
retrieve the original data bit.
Alpna Singh

2.New Channel Coding LDPC (Low-Density Parity-Check )
Alpna Singh

Here we can apply the simplest LDPC decoding algorithm:
Consider a parity based code that operates on a block on n bits. Out of the n bits in the
block, k bits carry data and r bits carry parity. Thus
n = k + r
Now consider a code with a 7-bit block length with 3 parity bits per block. This means:
n = 7, k = 4, r = 3
This code with be considered a rate 4/7 code as there are 4 bits of data for every 7 bits
of transmission.
I
f the 7 bits of the block are labeled c1 to c7. Here c1, c2, c3 and c4 are data bits. c5, c6
and c7 are parity bits.
Alpna Singh

3.Network Slicing
Network slicing allows a network operator to provide dedicated virtual networks with
functionality specific to the service or customer over a common network
infrastructure. Thus it will be able to support the numerous and varied services
envisaged in 5G.
Network slicing is expected to play a critical role in 5G networks because of the
multitude of use cases and new services 5G will support. These new use cases and
services will place different requirements on the network in terms of functionality, and
their performance requirements will vary enormously.
Alpna Singh

4.MIMO (multiple-input/multiple-output) Networks
1. The advantage of a MIMO network over a regular one is that it can multiply the
capacity of a wireless connection without requiring more spectrum.
2. MIMO deployment uses multiple antennas that are located at both the source
(transmitter) and destination (receiver). Those antennas are linked in order to
minimize error and increase efficiency of a network.
3. This method’s ability to multiply the capacity of the antenna links has made it
an essential element of wireless standards including 802.11n (Wi-FI), 802.11ac
(Wi-Fi), HSPA+, WiMAX and LTE.
Alpna Singh

4.Superior energy efficiency, ability to achieve excellent performance while operating with
low-accuracy signals and linear processing further enables
considerable savings.
5.Autonomous operation of the base stationswith no sharing of payload data or channel state
information with other cells, and no requirements of accurate time synchronization.
6.Fully digital processing; each antenna has its own RF and digital baseband chain. Signals
from all antennas at each base station are processed coherently together.
Alpna Singh

Internet of Things(IoT) is a concept of interconnection of various devices, a vehicle to the
internet. IOT make use of actuators and sensors for transferring data to and from the
devices. This technology is developed for better efficiency and accuracy apart from
minimizing human interaction with the devices. The example for this is home heating in
some countries when the temperature drops done through motion sensors which
automatically detect the weather conditions. Another example for this is the traffic lights
which changes its colors depending upon the traffic. Following are the application areas
of Internet of Things(IoT):
 Home Automation
 Healthcare
 Agriculture
 Transportation
 Manufacturing
 Environment
5.Connectivity (IoT)
Alpna Singh

As the world becomes more and
more connected — cars, homes,
vending machines — the
opportunity of IoT is that
developers can connect almost any
durable good to the internet. This is
a big deal. But today, the true
promise of IoT is just hype because
constraints still exist around cost,
battery life and network
capabilities.
Alpna Singh

•Massive IoT is in reference to massive scale, the billions of devices, objects and
machines that require connectivity even in the most remote locations and that report to
the cloud on a regular basis.
•To reach this scale requires low-cost devices with low energy consumption and good
coverage. Cellular low-power wide area network (LPWAN) options are in multiple
regions where technologies are being deployed in parallel as a complement to each
other.
•Large-scale deployments, and the resulting high-volume chipsets, are also expected
to reduce chipset prices and further accelerate the growth in cellular IoT connections.
• LPWANs are best to fit the needs of massive IoT devices and applications, and new
cellular
•it’s expected that 4 billion IoT devices will rely on LPWAN networks worldwide by
2025.
Alpna Singh

6.Low Latency NW
Network Performance Platform
The time taken to send a unit of data between two points in a network
What is Network Latency Network Latency Definition: "The time it takes for a ping to
reach and individual Internet node and return to its point of origin. This ping is
reported as round trip time (RTT) in milliseconds (ms).“ It is about the speed of the
Internet.
Network Performance Platform High Latency VS Low Latency
Low network latency = Good web performance
High network latency = Poor web performance
The lower is the latency, the faster the data will move from one location to another. It
directly effects web performance, application performance, and data transfer
capabilities. Alpna Singh

6.Low Latency NW
Network Performance Platform Who should care
• Video streaming
• Online gaming
• FinTech
• AdTech
• ecommerce
• VoIP
• … and other industries
Alpna Singh

Applications:
The 5G technology has the following applications in different fields:
Helps in knowing weather, location and can control the OC’s by the handsets.
The education system has its applications to make the learning of education much
easier.
At the same time, it has the applications in the medical field also.
Natural disasters can be detected; can visualize the universe, planets, and galaxies.
Alpna Singh

•High resolution and bi-directional large bandwidth shaping.
•Technology to gather all networks on one platform.
•More effective and efficient.
•Technology to facilitate subscriber supervision tools for the quick action.
•Will provide a huge broadcasting data (in Gigabit), which will support more
•Easily manageable with the previous generations.
•Possible to provide uniform, uninterrupted, and consistent connectivity across
the world.
•You can control your PCs by handsets. Education will become easier − A
student sitting in any part of world can attend the class.
•Medical Treatment will become easier & frugal − A doctor can treat the patient
located in remote part of the world. Monitoring will be easier − A governmental
organization and investigating offers can monitor any part of the world. Possible
to reduce the crime rate.
•Possible to locate and search the missing person. Possible, natural disaster
including tsunami, earthquake etc. can be detected faster.
Important Advantages
Alpna Singh

Disadvantages:
•Technology is still under process and research on its viability is going on.
•The speed, this technology is claiming seems difficult to achieve (in future, it
might be) because of the incompetent technological support in most parts of the
world.
•Many of the old devices would not be competent to 5G, hence, all of them
need to be replaced with new one — expensive deal.
•Developing infrastructure needs high cost.
•Security and privacy issue yet to be solved.
Alpna Singh

•All totally the best way to help all users is to use 5G as the next wireless
system and in totally it is safety and secure for public, this the need that
demands the solution.
•Today’s wired society is going wireless and if it has problem, 5G is answer.
•5G technology is going to give tough competition to Computers and
Laptops.
•It will be available in the market 2020 at affordable cost with more
reliability than previous mobiles.
CONCLUSION
Alpna Singh

First 5G network deployments
• Qatar Ooredoo, a large mobile network operator in Qatar, launched the first commercial 5G network in the world as
of May 2018 in 3.5 GHz band.Vodafone Qatar has ramped up for 5G with the first tests successfully conducted using
spectrum in the 3.5 GHz band allocated for 5G in July 2018. Vodafone Qatar has launched its 5G services officially in
August 2018
United States
• Fixed wireless Mobile Operator Launch date Bands Launch areas Launch date Bands Launch areas AT&T TBD[49]
28/39 GHz[50][51] Trials: Austin, Waco, South Bend, Kalamazoo End 2018[52] TBD[53] Dallas, Waco, Atlanta (12 cities
total)[54] Verizon Oct 1, 2018[55] 28 GHz 3-5 cities including Indianapolis, Sacramento, Los Angeles, and Houston. 1H
2019[56] TBD[57] TBD Sprint N/A [58] 1H 2019[59] 2.5 GHz Atlanta, Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Los Angeles, Washington, New
York, Phoenix, Kansas City T-Mobile End 2018 28/39 GHz[60] Trials: Bellevue, WA[61] End 2018[62] 600 MHz Los Angeles,
New York, Las Vegas, Dallas (30 cities total) Dish Network N/A N/A 2020[63] 600 MHz Charter Communications End 2018
28 GHz[64] Orlando, Reno, Clarksville TN, Columbus, Bakersfield and Grand Rapids
United Kingdom
• EE, a large mobile network operator in the UK, plans to trial a 5G network in October 2018. A small number of
businesses and homes in East London Tech City will take part in the trial.[65] BT Group, who owns EE, had previously said
during a presentation in May 2018 that they plan to launch a commercial 5G product "within 18 months".[66] The UK
first plans to deploy 5G to London and other major cities (e.g, Bristol, Birmingham) as a starting point, and then it will
establish a 5G network in other major cities. The next step will be for small- and medium-sized towns.[67]
Spain
• Vodafone announced officially in July 2018 that they had completed a minor pre-market deployment of 5G base
stations across several big cities in Spain including Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Málaga, Bilbao and Sevilla. They also
announced that only the wireless technology is completely 5G based but not the connection of the base stations itself,
which will be temporarily based on the LTE infrastructure.[68]
Alpna Singh

Massively Broadband Wireless Communications and RFIC Design research at The University of
Texas at Austin
http://ewh.ieee.org/r5/central_texas/com_sp/presentations/IEEE_Comm-P_Austin_Rappaport.pdf
5G mm-Wave Circuits and Systems for Wireless Communication, Sensing andImaging AARHUS
university
http://ims.unipv.it/CASWS2017/Slides/Zito.pdf
AN INTRODUCTION TO ERROR CORRECTING CODES
http://circuit.ucsd.edu/~yhk/ece154c-spr16/pdfs/ErrorCorrectionIII.pdf
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/5g/5g_advantages_disadvantages.htm
https://www.mwrf.com/systems/defining-massive-mimo-5g-world
https://5g.co.uk/guides/what-is-network-slicing/
Alpna Singh

Future of wireless Communication : 5G

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