This document discusses calcium, including its properties, the calcium cycle, importance of the calcium cycle, forms of calcium in soil and plants, factors affecting calcium availability in soil, sources of calcium, functions of calcium in plants, and calcium deficiency and toxicity symptoms. Specifically, it notes that calcium is a secondary macronutrient, part of the mineral cycle, improves soil properties, and is important for plant cell structure, growth and transport of nutrients and carbohydrates. Calcium availability depends on soil pH, CEC and clay content. Sources include liming materials and some fertilizers. Deficiency causes leaf chlorosis and necrosis while toxicity limits nutrient uptake.

1. CALCIUM
Deena Binti Roslee
Ferunica Eging
Noor Albannia Natasya Binti
Jabi
Suhana Binti Jaabi

2. WE WILL LEARN
ABOUT.....
•
What is calcium ?
•
The Ca Cycle
•
Importance of Ca cycle
•
Forms of Ca in soil
•
Factors affecting the avaibility of Ca in soil
•
Sources of Ca
•
Forms of Ca in plant
•
Function of Ca in plant
•
Visual deficiency Symptoms

3. Calcium ?
•
Atomic number 20.
•
Secondary macronutrient for plant
•
Ca is a soft grey alkaline earth metal.
•
Leach able nutrient

4. The Ca Cycle?
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It is one of the mineral cycle in the earth
•
It shows how calcium is extracted from earth
and enter living organism.
•
It also show how it is returned to earth

5. Ca Cycle

6. Importance of Ca Cycle
•
Improves water penetration
•
Helps to maintain chemical balance in the
soil
•
Reduce soil salinity
•
Neutralizes cell acids

7. Forms of Ca in Soil
•
In acid, humid regions soils, Ca2+
and Al3+
dominate the CEC
•
The exchangeable and solutions
Ca are dynamic equilibrium and
plant available forms.

8. Factors Affecting Avaibility of Ca
in Soil
•
Total Ca supply
•
Soil pH; when pH is higher free Ca
accumulates in the soil solution, Ca tend
to form insoluble compound with P.
•
CEC; higher CEC increase capacity of soil
to hold Ca and therefore Higher Ca
avaibility
•
% of Ca+2
saturation on CEC
•
Type of soil clay
•
Ratio of solution Ca to another Cation

9. sources of Ca
•
The primary sources are liming materials
such as CaCO3, CaMg(CO3)2, and others
applied to neutralize soil acidity
•
Ca is present in several fertilizer materials
including: triple superphosphate (12-14%
Ca)
•
Sedimentary rock; Gypsum, limestone,
dolomite, liquid calcium
•
Rock and shells in oceans floor

10. limestone, dolomite and gypsum

12. Forms of Ca in plant
•
Plant absorb Ca+2
from the soil solution,
where mass flow and root interception
are the primary mechanisms of Ca
transport to root surface.
•
Ca deficiency is uncommon but can occur
in highly leached, unlimited acid soils.

13. Function of Ca in Plant
•
Ca+2
is essential for translocation of
carbohydrates and nutrients
•
Ca+2
moved with transpiration of water in the
xylem due to mobility.
•
Essential for cell division and cell elongation
•
Strengthen cell wall structure ; it forms
calcium pectate compounds which gives stability
to cell walls and bind cells together.
•
Affects fruits quality.

14. Deficiency
Generally chlorosis

15. Necrosis at the tip and margin of
young leaves

16. Failure of terminal buds of
shoots and apical tips of roots to
develop

17. Bulb and fruit abnormalities

18. Highly branched, short, brown
root system, severe and stunted
growth

19. Toxicity
•
Difficult for other nutrients uptake due to
high soil pH.
•
Suffer deficiencies of other nutrients, such
as phosphorus, potassium, magnesium,
boron,copper, iron, or zinc.

20. THANK YOU