Introduction, Design, Planning aspects, Requirements, Standards, Measurements, Sizes and areas.

1. INTER STATE BUS TERMINAL
LIBRARY STUDY
Assembled by:
Akshey Sharma

2. INTRODUCTION
• A bus terminal is the point where a bus route starts OR ends , And where vehicles Stop and wait before
Departing on their return journeys.
• It is also a place where passengers board and alight from vehicles.
• Often provides a convenient point where services can be controlled from.
• The size and nature of the terminal varies from a road-side bus stop with no adequate facilities for
passengers or bus crews ;to a purpose built off-road bus station, offering a wide range of facilities.
• If the number of vehicles arriving and departing is low, - a road-side bus stop will normally be adequate.
• With a large number of vehicles arriving and departing, it might be required to consider off-road built
bus station to avoid traffic congestion.

3. INTRODUCTION
A bus terminal should satisfy :
• Passenger protection from passing traffic
• Access for people with disabilities
• All-weather surface to step from/to the bus
• Proximity to pedestrian crossings
• Proximity to major trip generators
• Street lighting
Operating elements consist of:
• Adequate curb space for the number of buses expected at the stop at one time
• Bus routing patterns
• Directions (i.e., one-way) and widths of intersection streets
• Types of traffic signal controls (signal, stop, or yield)
• Volumes and turning movements of other traffic.
• Width of pedestrian pavements.
• Pedestrian activity through intersections.

4. DESIGN ISSUES
Passenger Amenities
a. Shelter
• They are to extend along the full length of the platform serving as
a weather protection to the passengers.
• should be of high quality, prefabricated and modular.
• The Shelter roofs should be such that rain water is directed away
for the vehicle side.
b. Passenger Information
• Passenger information should be provided such as signage’s,
route details and graphics.
• bold identification signage, transit route maps, neighbourhood
maps placed at prominent locations.
• Signage and graphics should readily distinguish the bus stations
from the regular stops.
• Digital display could be optionally placed at station entries.
Safety and Security
• Security is essential as the BRT stops would be open for
extended hours and likely to be unattended.
• Visibility is also an important criterion to security.
• Passengers should be able to see the surrounding locations
and be seen from the locations outside the station.
• Adequate illumination, especially at nights is necessary.
Barrier Free Design
• Accessible to by the physically challenged.
• The internal layout of the shelter should be barrier free to
facilitate easy circulation.
• Access via ramps need to be provided for stops having high
platforms.

5. DESIGN ISSUES
Platform Dimensions –
• The Length of the platform depends upon the length of the vehicle and the number of bays required which is in turn dependant
upon design bus volumes and service times at any given time.
• Width of the platform varies from 2.5 M to 5 M.
• The Platforms could be provided either at a low height or at a higher level.
• Access to the high platforms from the pedestrian path needs to be provided through
• ramps.
Aesthetic Design
• Aesthetics and passenger friendliness in addition to a modern appearance together formulate the essential architectural
considerations.
• The design should symbolize an image representing speed in hand with modernity.
• Over use of advertising displays resulting in a visual clutter needs to be curtailed at bus stops.
Fare Collection
• Off board fare collection policy reduces the dwell time at bus stations and enables rapid boarding and lighting. The station can
be divided into paid areas and free areas. Entry into the paid area of the station can be controlled by introduction of turnstiles or
other control devices. Bogotá is one such example of a controlled access station..

6. PLANNING ASPECTS
• In general, the four basic planning criteria for planning of terminals are –
• 1.Need
• NEED of the terminal arises with increase in the demand. An organized bus terminal should meet the following requirements-
• Accessibility
• Comfort and convenience
• Safety
• Easy processing
2. Size
• The following factors are considered to characterize the size of the terminal and its functions-
• Flow of traffic
• System characteristics
• User characteristics
• 3.Location
• The selection of the location should satisfy the following criteria-
• It should form a component in the hierarchy of transport systems
• The concentration and dispersal costs should be minimum
• It should be located such that as point of coordination and integration between inter-city and intra-city transport

7. PLANNING ASPECTS
4.Design
Following points should be kept in mind for efficient
workability of terminal-
• Segregation of bus and non-bus traffic
• Segregation of pedestrian and vehicular movement
• Elimination of vehicular traffic conflict
• Segregation of pedestrian flows
• Minimum processing for the buses
• Segregation of transportation and no-transportation
activities
Flow diagram
Showing parts and their relationship to one another

8. REQUIREMENTS
Control room
Public lockers
Filling station Rental space
Waiting room
Restaurant
Clock Room
Dormitory
Public toilets Car parking
Security check post Enquiry & booking
Drivers rest rooms
Telephone booths Workshops
Office

9. BUS DIMENSIONS

10. STANDARD BUS DIMENSIONS
LARGE BUS MID-SIZE BUS

11. BUS DIMENSIONS

12. BUS DIMENSIONS
Electric city bus :
capacity – 60 passengers (including driver)
overall length – 40’ (12m)
overall width – 8’3” (2.5m)
overall height – 10’-9” (3.32m)
front overhang – 8’-6” (2.59m)
rear overhang – 10’-9” (3.31m)
Bus (52 seater):
overall length – 40’(12m)
overall width – 8’-6” 92.6m) max.
overall height – 12’-5” (3.8m) max.
Bus(32 seater):
• overall length – 22’-8”(6.9m)
• overall width – 7’-3” (2.2m)
Big Bus (64 seater):
• overall length – 45’-0”(13.5m)
• overall width – 9’-9”(3.0m)
• Door height – 6’-2” (1.9m)
Bays – possible arrangements:
• linear arrangement.
• angular arrangement.
• radial arrangement.

13. TURNING RADII
• The principal dimensions affecting design are the minimum centerline turning radius, the wheelbase, and
the path of the inner rear tire.
• Effects of driver characteristics (such as the speed at which the driver makes a turn) and the slip angles of
wheels are minimized by assuming that the speed of the vehicle for the minimum radius (sharpest) turn is
10 mph (15 km/h) or less.
• The boundaries of the turning paths of the several design vehicles when making the sharpest turns are
established by the outer trace of the front overhang and the path of the inner rear wheel.
• This turn assumes that the outer front wheel follows the circular arc defining the minimum turning radius as
determined by the vehicle steering mechanism.

14. TURNING RADII

15. TURNING RADII

16. TURNING RADII

17. CIRCULATION

18. BUS LAY BAY - LAYOUT

19. TYPES OF PLATFORM
• requires excessive amount of space
• busses must usually wait until first bus exists
• large terminal requires pedestrian under/ overpass
facilities to protect passengers while crossing lanes
PARALLEL LOADING
RADIAL SAWTOOTH LOADING
• most efficient- buses swing into
position along natural driving
arc.
• space required at front is
minimum. wide space at rear
making movement easy.

20. INTERLOCKING LAYOUT STANDARD INTERLOCKING LAYOUT
RADIAL LAYOUT

21. STANDARDS FOR DISABLED PEOPLE
STRAIGHT SAWTOTH LOADING
• efficient –
• passengers have direct
access to loading doors.
ACCESS FOR PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED
• provisions for handicapped is must .
• for that ramps are provided at the bus
platforms.
• buses are also itself provided with inbuilt ramp
which can be used wherever needed.

22. AREA CALCULATION
• the interstate bus terminus is to be designed to handle 1938 trips ~ 2000 trips per day
• peak hour flow is equal to 10 % of total daily flow.
• incoming buses (at unloading bays) = 50% of total buses = 1000 no's
• incoming buses (at loading bays) = 50% of total buses = 1000 no's
• occupancy in peak hour = 50 passenger/ bus.
• total passenger to be handled by terminal = 50 x 2000 = 1,00,000
no. of bays for loading and unloading have been calculated as =total no of buses in peak hour /
bay capacity in 1 hour.

23. AREAS PARKING STANDARDS
parking space req. by a bus: 12m x 3.5m x 3.8m
parking space req. by small bus: 8m x 3m x 3.3m
parking space req. by a car: 5m x 2.5m x 2.4m
parking space req. by a motorbike : 1m – 3.2 mENQUIRY & TICKET COUNTERS
The size of the enquiry counter varies with the type of station.
The height of the counter slab is 1.2m.
PUBLIC SPACES
Area req. Per person at counter : 50-150 sq.Ft.
Area req. Per person at cafeteria : 10-50 sq. Ft.
Area req. Per person at lunch room : 10-50 sq. Ft.
Width of corridor (min. : 3m – 4.5m)
Waiting hall for at least 150 people at time (Area req. Per person 50-150 sq. Ft.)
OFFICE SPACES
Area req. Per person at office :
Single office – 10sq.M
Meeting room – 1.5 sq.M
TOILET SPACES FOR PUBLIC & STAFF
1 W.C will serve 25 people.
Space req. For W.C – 0.9m X 1.2m
Space req .For urinal – 1m From center to center
1 urinal will serve 30 people.
CLOCK ROOM
The size of a locker :
1.78m X .30m X .30m
1.78m X .30m X .38m
1.78m X .30m X .46m
1.78m X .38m X .38m
1.78m X .46m X .46m

24. THANK YOU