Most Usable Fabric Since 1873 and To be Continues... Comfortable in Daily Lifestyle and Even in Fashion Industry.

1. DENIM FABRIC
By: Akshay P. Birari
B.Voc[FD] 2nd year

2. Content
• The History of Denims
• Characteristics of Denim Fabric
• Classification of Denim Fabric
• Jeans
• Defferent Types of Denim
• Types of Denim Wash

3. THE HISTORY OF
DENIMS
 Word denim comes from "de Nimes", FreTHE
HISTORY OF DENIMSnch town where the fabric
was said to be first made - but American jeans
were made with US denim.
 Jean is said to reference sailors from Genoa,
Italy, who wore indigo-dyed clothes
 Levi Strauss and Jacob Davis patented their
riveted design on 20 May 1873 - said to be the
birth of jeans.

4. Denim
Denim twill is made with two set of yarns - one set dyed indigo, the other undyed. Indigo dyed yarns are most visible on the outside,
undyed yarns on the inside.
Characteristics of Denim fabric:
1. Warp yarns are colored (usually with Indigo, vat, blue or Sulphur black):
2. Structure: right hand or left hand twill i.e. Z/S-twill of 2/1 or 3/1 construction;
3. Usually made of cotton yams of coarser count (75, 105, 145, 165, etc);
4. Coarser cloth (weight lies between 6 14 oz/sq.yds) and used for pant and warm jacket;
5. Rotor yarns are mostly used.
Specification of a typical denim fabric: 7*10___27*56 *58

5. Yarn used for Denim:
• Spun Yarn (Open end, Ring spun yam with Regular and Slub
•Filament yarn (Polyester/Nylon/spandex)
Classification of denim
fabric:
1. According to weight Amit area
• Light weight: 4.5 to 7 oz/sq.yd
• Medium weight: 7 to 10 oz/sq.yd
• Heavy weight: 11 and above
2. According to hue or color
• Indigo vat
• Sulphur black

6. 3.According to optic wise
• Regular
• Slub ( Warp slub/weft slub)
• Cross Hatch: both way slub i.e. both warp and weft yarns are slub
4. According to fabric structure/design
• Plain
• Twill (S-twill, Z-twill, herringbone or Zigzag twill)
5. According to composition wise
• 100% cotton
• Cotton stretch (Cotton with spandex)
• Cotton polyester
• Cotton polyester stretch (cotton-polyester with spandex)

7. Jeans:
Jeans are trousers made from dark "raw" denim and twill fabric, but most are washed or treated before sale. Often
the term "jeans" refers to a particular style of trousers called "blue jeans" and invented by Jacob Davis and Levi
Strauss in 1873. Starting in the 1950s, jeans, originally designed for cowboys, became popular among teenagers,
especially members of the greaser subculture. Historic brands include Levi's, Lee, and Wrangler. Jeans come in
various fits, including skinny, tapered, straight, boot cut and flare.

8. Different types of Denim:
Bull Denim
Piece-dyed cotton twill made from coarse yarns to resemble denim; however, the warp yarns are not dyed with
indigo before weaving.
Cotton Serge
The traditional denim is 100 percent cotton serge. Additionally, denim is often blended with other fabrics.
Raw Denim
Raw denim is dark, unwashed fabric that is stiff and very durable. It fades with wear in certain areas, creating a
natural distressed look. It also fades with washing.
Selvage Denim
The premium type of raw denim fabric is selvage denim, with tight weaving and natural edges that will not
unravel. Selvage denim is more expensive than other raw denim.
Crosshatch
An effect in the denim weave created by using uneven yarn in the weft direction, combined with uneven yarns in
the warp direction.

9. Stretch Denim
The blend closest to pure denim is called stretch denim, which usually includes 2 or 3 percent Spandex material
for a bit of give in the fabric.
Rigid Denim
Describes unwashed denim. Most denim garments are typically prewashed before going to retail.
Ramie-Denim
Denim is also sometimes blended with the plant fiber ramie, which reduces wrinkling and gives the fabric a softer
feel.
Poly-Denim
Poly-denim blends look like a dressier denim, and are more lightweight, which makes them more convenient to
wash and dry. They also are more resistant to wrinkling.

10. TYPES OF DENIM
WASH
Denim washes are of following two
types:
1. Wet washes
• Bleaching wash
• Enzyme wash
• Acid wash
2. Dry washes
• Stone wash
• Micro sanding/Sand
blasting

11. ThankYou!