Chapter - 1 political Science, power sharing by Martand classes

1. Martand Classes
Class – X
Chapter – 1 (Political Science)
Power sharing
Prepared by
Aditya Mishra
TGT- Social Science

2. BELGIUM
Geographical Position Area and Population Ethnic Composition Capital
. Small country in
Europe.
. Shares boarders with
Netherlands, France &
Germany.
. Smaller in area than
the India state of
Haryana (Population
little over one crore)
. 59 % Speak Dutch
. 40 % Speak French
1% Speak German
. 80 % Speak French
. 20 Speak Dutch
Note – In Brussels, the Dutch – Speaking people are in minority, which is opposite of the rest of the county.
Where they are in majority.

3. Sri Lanka
Geographical Position Population Ethnic Composition Religion
. A smaller island in
Asia, off the southern
coast of Tamilnadu.
. About two crore
people (Same as
Haryans’s)
. 74 % Sinhalese
speaking people.
. 18% Tamil speaking
people.
. 13 % are natives of Sri
lanka known as Sri
Lankan Tamil.
. Most of the Sinhala
speaking people are
Buddhists.
. Most of the Tamils are
Hindu or Muslims.
Note – Majoritarianism in Srilanka A belief that only the majority community should circle a country, make
laws for everyone and with total disregard to the wishes and needs of the minority.

4. Accommodation in Belgium
Equal number of
Dutch and French
speaking minster in
the central
Government.
Special laws to
become acts need
majority from each
language group
State government
are not made
subordinate to
central
government.
A separate
government for
Brussels, equal
representation for
both the linguistic
groups.
A third government called the community
government elected by the Dutch, French and
German speaking people in change of language,
cultural and education issues.

5. Power Sharing (Two reasons which make power sharing desirable)
1. Reduces the possibility of conflicts
between different social groups, social
conflicts led to violence, political
instability.
2. Prevents groups form overstepping their
rights to enhance their own power.
3. When power is not shared, it oppressed
the minority and even the majority.
1. The spirit of democracy calls for
power sharing.
2. People who are affected by the
policies must have hand in
shaping those policies.
3. Citizens participation is a must.
4. Moral reasons make power
sharing essential and valuable.
Reasons
Prudential Morla

6. Powers is shared among
Social
Movement
. Force the
government
to change
laws.
. Dowry, early
marriage.
Different
orangs of the
government
Pressure goups Political parties
Different social
groups
Among the
government at
different levels
1. Legislative
2. Executive
3. Judiciary
. They influence
the government
and force them
to change
policies.
. They are
famous workers
and
industrialists.
. Lead the
competition.
. Coalition
governments
are formed if
any party fails
to get the
majority.
. Parties have
to perform to
remain in
power.
. Religious
or
Linguistic
groups.
1. Central or union
government, State
government.
2. Municipality
and panchayats,
local self
government
known as
federalism.