Computer notes ch social law and ethics

1. Nikhil Sharma

2. Society,
LAW and
ethics
“We live in a society, governed by Law and
monitored by Ethics”
• Society- the people in a country or area,
thought of as a group, who have shared
customs and laws.
• Law- an official rule of a country or state that
says what people may or may not do
• Ethics- beliefs about what is morally correct
or acceptable
We live in a digital society and share and store
information through online mediums. Any
information we share forms the intellectual
capital of a person. There are some ethical
issues involved with usage and availability of
this information

3. Ethical
issues
Intellectual Properties Rights
Plagiarism
Digital Properties Rights
• Intellectual Properties Rights- are the
rights of the owner of information to
decide how such information can be
exchanged, shared or distributed. It
also helps the owner to decide the
price for same.
• To protect one’s intellectual property
once can get the information/date
copyrighted or patented.

4. Copyright
A Copyright is a legal term to describe the rights of the creator often original creative
work such as A design, song, movie etc.
What’s Protected
Original works of authorship such as books, photographs, recordings & other works
Requirements
must be original, creative and fixed in a tangible medium
Terms of Protection
author life plus 60 more years in India
Rights Granted
right to control the reproduction, making of derivative works distribution and public
performance and display of copyright works
Ex-T-Series has copyright of
many music videos

5. Patent
A patent refers to the collection of exclusive rights given to the inventor for their
invention
What’s Protected
inventions such as process, machines, manufacturers
Requirements
invention must be new useful and non-obvious
Terms of Protection
20 years
Rights Granted
right to prevent others from making selling using or importing the patented invention
Ex- Intel has various patents related to
microprocessor design

6. Trademark
Trademark are some registered words slogans logos etc. used to distinguish the goods or
services of one trader from another
What’s Protected
any word phrase symbol that identifies and distinguishes the source of the goods of one
party from other
Requirements
mark must be distinctive
Terms of Protection
for as long as the mark is used in commerce
Rights Granted
right to use the mark and to prevent others from using similar marks in a way that would
cause likelihood of confusion about the origin of the goods or services
Ex- APPLE, COCA-COLA, MCDONALDS and
NIKE are all famous trademarks

7. Violation
of IPR
Violation of IPR is called infringement or IPR
infringement. There are 3 forms of IPR
infringement
• Plagiarism - is stealing someone else's
intellectual work and representing it as your
own work without citing the source of
information. Example using some other’s
authors work without giving credit to the
author.
• Copyright Infringement – Using copyrighted
work without the consent of the copyright
holder. Example if you use an image or video
available online without asking for permission
because not everything which is available
online is for free use.
• Trademark Infringement- Unauthorized usage
of a mark that is identical or deceptively similar
to a registered trademark.

8. Open
Source
Software
• Any software whose source code is available
to customers, and it can be modified and
redistributed without any limitation
• Open source doesn't just mean access to the
source code the distribution terms of
openness of software must comply with the
following criteria –
❑Free redistribution
❑Source Code
❑Derived Works
❑Integrity of the author's source code
❑No discrimination against fields of
endeavor
❑Distribution of License
❑License must not be specific to a product
❑License must not restrict other software
❑License must be technology neutral

9. Open
Source
Licenses
• Creative Commons License gives permission
to copy modify distribute the original works
by attributing the creator of the work.
• General Public License grants and guarantees
a wide range of rights to developers who
work on opensource projects it allows users
to legally copy distribute and modify
software.
• Apache license redistributing code requires
giving proper credits two contributors of the
code and the same license would remain
with the software extension

10. Free Software
• Free Software and Opensource software doesn’t mean the same
thing. A software may be free to use but might not necessarily be
open source and vice versa
KEY POINTS
• Any software that is freely accessible and can be fairly used, changed,
improved and distributed and no payments are needed to be made
for free software.

11. Gender
Issues
It is commonly observed that girls are
underrepresented in computer science
studies. There are many factors that
are attributed as the reasons behind it
• Preconceived Notions
• Lack of interest
• Lack of motivation
• Lack of role models
• Lack of encouragement in class

12. Cyber
Safety And
Cyber
Crime
• Cyber Safety refers to the safe and
responsible use of Internet to ensure safety
and security oh personal information and not
posing threats to someone else's
information.
• Any criminal offense that involves the use of
electronic communications including an
electronic device, computer is referred to as
Cyber Crime.