The document discusses the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. It provides an introduction to the virus and its impact in the country. It then discusses the risks faced by healthcare workers, symptoms and current treatments for COVID-19 including various vaccines. It also examines the effects on mental illness during the pandemic and future challenges for managing the healthcare system during COVID-19. In conclusion, it emphasizes the importance of addressing mental health issues in adolescents and the need for further research.
1. COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN KSA
HCM-500: Healthcare Systems
Dr. David Milen
By: Mazin Al Shammari
ID: G210010725
2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Risk Factors
• Symptoms and treatment
• diagnosis, early identification, and treatment of mental illness in a pandemic
• future challenges related to the healthcare system management
• Conclusion
• References
3. INTRODUCTION
• The coronavirus (COVID-19) was recently declared a pandemic by the
World Health Organization (WHO). The first confirmed case in Saudi
Arabia was announced on March ,2020. Several psychiatric
manifestations may appear during pandemics, especially among
frontline healthcare providers
4. RISK FACTORS
• Health care workers face considerable
- Mentally
- physically stress
- Long hours shifts
- No days off or Vacation
- Stress
6. TREATMENT OF COVID-19
• Treatment is now to take vaccine for COVID-19 and there is many of
vaccination are released also antibiotics are helpful for COVID-19
• Vaccine tyipes are
• Pfizer
• AstraZeneca-Oxford
• Sputnik V
• Moderna
• Novavax
• The Johnson & Johnson
• Sinopharm
7. TREATMENT OF COVID-19
• The management of patients mainly focuses on the provision of
supportive care, e.g., oxygenation, ventilation, and fluid management.
Combination treatment of low-dose systematic corticosteroids and anti-
virals and atomization inhalation of interferon have been encouraged as
part of critical COVID-19 management.
8. TREATMENT OF COVID-19
• In the absence of definitive management protocols, many treatment
regimes have been explored in the treatment of COVID-19. Some of
these treatments may have been tried out of desperation, and among
these, some show initial promise
9. MENTAL ILLNESS IN A PANDEMIC
• Depression and anxiety among adolescents require further attention as they have
profound harmful implications on several aspects of adolescents’ wellbeing and can be
associated with life threatening risk behaviors such as suicide.
• Research on mental health problems including depression and anxiety among
adolescents has found it to be associated with poor familial bonds smoking, substance
use bullying and physical violence suicide ideation and behavior and other factors that
have direct impact on adolescents’ health and wellbeing. Moreover, mental health
problems during adolescence tend to persist into adulthood. Adults who suffer from
depression during adolescence are at higher risk of developing major depressive
disorders.
10. MENTAL ILLNESS IN A PANDEMIC
• Adolescents with chronic illnesses, our findings showed it to be
significantly associated with mental health; similarly, a huge body of
literature have documented the serious effects that chronic illness has on
adolescents’ mental health.
11. FUTURE CHALLENGES OF HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
MANAGEMENT IN COVID-19 PANDEMIC
• The Saudi Government has announced a set of support packages targeting the private
sector, totaling almost $61 billion. The packages include exemptions and the
postponement of some government dues ($18.6 billion), a $13.3 billion package to
support the banking and SME sectors
• Saudi Government has announced to pay 60% of the salaries of Saudi employees
working in the Private sector for a period of three months with a ceiling of USD 2.39
billion. The Compensation will be paid in accordance with the conditions stipulated in the
unemployment insurance system (SANID)
12. FUTURE CHALLENGES OF HEALTHCARE
SYSTEM MANAGEMENT IN COVID-19 PANDEMIC
• comprehensive and ongoing process in all healthcare facilities in Saudi
Arabia, special funds need to be allocated by the Ministry of Finance to
the Ministry of Health for quality departments in all healthcare facilities
13. CONCLUSIONS
• Mental health issues are a major public health concern that have serious
implications on adolescents’ wellbeing
• This study reveals the underlying risk factors of symptoms of depression
and anxiety among adolescents in Saudi Arabia and highlights the
importance of taking the necessary actions and planning suitable
interventions that can lessen its harmful impact if not preventing it
• Further in-depth research studies that assess adolescents’ mental health
using diagnostic tools for depression and anxiety are needed. Also,
parents–adolescents research in Saudi Arabia is missing and requires
closer investigation.
14. REFERENCES
• World Health Organization. Risks to mental health: an overview of vulnerabilities and risk
factors. Geneva: WHO; 2012.
• Abdel-Fattah MM, Asal ARA. Prevalence, symptomatology, and risk factors for depression
among high school students in Saudi Arabia. Neurosciences. 2007;12:8–16.
• Alsofayan Y, Althunayyan SM, Khan AA, Hakawi A. Clinical characteristics of Covid-19 in
Saudi Arabia: a national retrospective study. J Infect Public Health.
2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2020.05.026https://www.researchgate.net/publication/3420
06389_Clinical_characteristics_of_COVID-
19_in_Saudi_Arabia_A_national_retrospective_study.
• Saudi Ministry of Health dashboard. Covid-19. Accessed 10th June,
2020 https://covid19.moh.sa.
• OCHA coordinates the global emergency response to save lives and protect people in
humanitarian crises
Editor's Notes
Idiopathic pneumonia began in Wuhan, China in December 2019. The first case with a similar presentation discovered outside China was in Thailand on January 13, 2020.The World Health Organization (WHO) gave this new coronavirus disease the name COVID-19 on February 2020. One month afterward, the WHO declared COVID-19 a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. Coronaviruses are a group of viruses that can infect humans and animals and the cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and COVID-19. Saudi Arabia announced its first case of COVID-19 on March 2, 2020
Caring for patients with Covid-19. Several reports around the world suggest that this stress has led some physicians to take their own life. One approach to minimize such stresses during pandemics is for hospitals to organize physician shifts with mandatory rest and meal breaks.
In this form, the patients were first asked about the presence of additional diseases, allergies, use of alcohol or smoking, medications and any previous surgical history. The patients were asked to simply mark the complaints that they were experiencing at the time. The head and neck region complaints included the following: loss of odor and/or taste, sore throat, cough, nasal congestion, postnasal discharge, otalgia, tinnitus, hearing loss, oro-dental problems, vertigo, hoarseness and any other additional complaints. The patients were asked to simply mark all complaints that they were currently experiencing.
New variants have evolved that seem to be able to affect children more, with low- and middle-income countries worst affected. New research is showing vaccines can be effective in children, but they remain at relatively low risk of the disease. While millions of vulnerable people in low- and middle-income countries have yet to have a single dose, it’s vital that they remain priorities for vaccine rollouts.In general, children are less susceptible to severe CODIV-19 than elder patients.Severe COVID-19 adult patients showed higher proinflammatory markers with the presence of pathological T cells.The dissection of immune response to COVID-19 in children is necessary given limited data on this topic
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Leadership in providing emergency and normal health services efficiently and quickly to patients across the Kingdom.in case of you have any symptoms of COVID 19
A virus infects your body by entering healthy cells. There, the invader makes copies of itself and multiplies throughout your body.The new COVID 19 latches its spiky surface proteins to receptors on healthy cells, especially those in your lungs.
Specifically, the viral proteins bust into cells through ACE2 receptors. Once inside, the coronavirus hijacks healthy cells and takes command. Eventually, it kills some of the healthy cells. COVID-19, the illness caused by the coronavirus, starts with droplets from an infected person’s cough, sneeze, or breath. They could be in the air or on a surface that you touch before touching your eyes, nose, or mouth. That gives the virus a passage to the mucous membranes in your throat. Within 2 to 14 days, your immune system may respond
A sample of 12,121 students was included in this study. Feeling so sad or hopeless and feeling worried were significantly more prevalent among females and older adolescents (p < 0.0001). The results showed that poor relationship with parents, negative body image, and chronic illness to be significantly associated with feeling so sad or hopeless and worried. Data for this study was taken from the 2012 Jeeluna®
The mental health and wellbeing of children living in conflict-affected countries is dangerously deteriorating as they struggle to cope with the socio-economic fallout of the COVID-19 pandemic. Having survived life-threatening, life-altering conflicts, their ongoing fear, trauma and chronic stress is compounded by the daily anxiety, uncertainty and hardship produced by the pandemic.These children are best placed to articulate their worries and concerns about the devastating toll that COVID-19 is taking on their mental health and their future, as well as its insidious impact on their families and communities. More than half (57%) of children living in fragile and conflict affected countries expressed a need for mental health and psychosocial support as a direct result of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns. This rises to 70% for refugee and displaced children as opposed to 43% for children in host communities.
future challenges. The study found that the healthy economic profile of the country empowered the Saudi government to modernize its health sector and this development has attracted medical professionals from all over the world. While significant efforts have been made to improve the country’s healthcare infrastructure, the same cannot be said in the area of the implementation of TQM, which this study considers as the heartbeat of the health service delivery and this has posed serious challenges to the country’s healthcare system.
This fund will help the quality management departments to employ qualified quality management specialists and to have sufficient equipment's and also to conduct quality-training programs.
