Your success as a manager depends on your ability to motivate employees to achieve common goals. Use these management tips and resources to develop the critical skills you will need as a leader.

1. Challenges for
Managers

2. Remaining Competitive: Four
Major Challenges to Managers
• Globalizing the firm’s operations
• Leading a diverse workforce
• Encouraging positive ethics,
character, and personal integrity
• Advancing and implementing
technological innovation

3. Changing Business Perspectives
From International which implies an
individual’s or organization’s
held nationality is strongly
in consciousness
To Globalization which
implies the world is free
from national boundaries and
that it is really a borderless world

4. From Multinational organizations
(in which the organization was
recognized as doing business
in several countries)
Changing Business Perspectives
To Transnational
organizations,
(in which the global viewpoint
supersedes national issues)

5. Diversity
Diversity - All forms of individual differences,
including culture, gender, age, ability,
personality, religious affiliation, economic class,
social status, military attachment, and sexual
orientation

6. Women and Obstacles at Work
Women make up over 60% of the workforce, earn 32%
of all doctorates, 52% of master’s degrees, and 50%
of undergraduate degrees
BUT
Women hold less than 16.4% of Fortune 500 corporate
officer positions, earn 81% of what their male
counterparts do, and encounter the glass ceiling in
the workplace
a transparent barrier that keeps women from
rising above a certain level in organizations

7. Diversity Statistics Affecting
the Workplace
Age By 2030, there will be 70,000,000 older
persons. People over 65 will comprise
20% of the population.
Ability An estimated 50 million disabled live in
the U.S.; their unemployment rate
exceeds 50%.

8. Diversity’s Benefits & Problems
BENEFITS
• Attracts & retains the best
human talent
• Improves marketing efforts
• Promotes creativity and
innovation
• Results in better problem
solving
• Enhances organizational
flexibility
PROBLEMS
• Resistance to change
• Lack of cohesiveness
• Communication problems
• Interpersonal conflicts
• Slowed decision making

9. Ethical Theories
Consequential
Theory
An ethical theory
that
emphasizes the
consequences or
results
of behavior
Rule-Based
Theory
An ethical theory
that
emphasizes the
character of the act
Itself rather than its
effects
Character
Theory
An ethical theory
that emphasizes
the character,
personal virtues,
and integrity of the
individual

10. Individual & Organizational
Responsibility
Whistle-Blower - an employee who
informs authorities of the wrongdoing
of his or her company or coworkers
– Public Hero
– Villain
Social Responsibility - the
obligation of an organization to
behave in ethical ways
Depends on whether or not the
the whistle-blowing is viewed as
more offensive the wrongdoing.

11. Technological Innovation
Technology
The intellectual and
mechanical
processes used by
an organization to
transform inputs into
products or services
that meet
organizational goals
Robotics -
use of robots
Expert System -
computer-based
application using a
representation of
human expertise in a
specialized field of
knowledge to solve
problems
Internet-
integrates
computer, cable,
telecommunications
technologies

12. Alternative Work Arrangements
Telecommuting - transmitting work from a
home computer to the office using a modem
Employees gain flexibility, save
the commute to work, enjoy the
comforts of home
Employees have distractions, lack
socialization opportunities, lack
interaction with supervisors, and
identify less with the organization

13. Additional Alternative Work
Arrangements
Hoteling - employees have mobile file
cabinets/lockers for personal storage; work
spaces are reserved, not assigned
Satellite Offices - large facilities broken into
smaller workplaces near employees’
homes
Virtual Office - people work
anytime, anywhere, with
anyone

14. Technological Change
Requires Managers to
• Develop technical competence to gain workers’
respect
• Focus on helping workers manage the stress of
their work
• Take advantage of the wealth of information
available to motivate, coach, and counsel--not to
control
• Recognize the importance of intellectual property

15. Help Employees Adjust by
• Involving them in decision making regarding
technological change
• Selecting technology that increases workers’
skill requirements
• Providing effective training
• Establishing support groups
• Encouraging reinvention (creative application
of new technology)

16. Four Challenges to Organizations
in the New Millennium
Technological
Innovation
Globalization
Ethics
Workforce
Diversity