This document summarizes genetic biodiversity research on bananas conducted by students Chandan Kumar Rout, Mohit Roop Rai, and Joseph K Beikhosia. It discusses banana's scientific classification, centers of origin in Southeast Asia, genetic diversity within the Musa genus, and methods for ex situ conservation of banana genetic resources, including major field gene banks around the world that maintain banana collections.

1. SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
ASSIGNMENT
HRT-565
TOPIC-GENETIC BIODIVERSITY OF BANANA
SUBMITTED BY-
NAME OF STUDENT – CHANDAN KUMAR ROUT
REGISTRATION NUMBER – 11903432
NAME OF STUDENT – MOHIT ROOP RAI
REGISTRATION NUMBER – 11902983
NAME OF STUDENT – JOSEPH K BEIKHOSIA
REGISTRATION NUMBER – 11903218
GROUP-1
SUBMITTED TO –
Dr. ARVIND KUMAR BASWAL

2. BIODIVERSITY
 Bio means ‘life’ and diversity means ‘variety’, hence,
biodiversity refers wide variety of life on the earth.
 Biodiversity term was first coined by Walter G Rosen
(1986)
 Type of biodiversity 1-Diversity of Species
2-Diversity of Genes
3-Diversity of Ecosystems

3. INTRODUCTION
 Scientific name- Musa spp.
 Two main species- acuminata, balbisiana
 Family – Musaceae
 Chromosome no. -22,33,44
 Origin- South East Asia
 Centre of diversity-
• Edible banana is native to old world especially South East
Asia (Simmonds, 1962).
• Malayan area seems to be the primary center of origin of
cultivated banana.
• (M.acuminata). M.acuminata, was probably introduced
into India and Burma where M.balbisiana is a native species
• Natural hybridization between these two species might
have resulted in many hybrid progenies (AAB, ABB )

4. • It is mainly a tropical fruit crop.
• It is monocarpic and perennial herb
• Calorific value of banana- 67-137 /100g
• It is climacteric fruit.
• Inflorescence -Spadix
• Fruit type- berry
• Edible part- Mesocarp and endocarp
• Pollination type – cross
• Pollination through- Birds (Ornithophilous)
• Other names- Adam’s fig, Tree of wisdom, Tree of
paradise, kalpataru, Apple of paradise

6. Genetic biodiversity
Musa and its wild relatives
 The family musaceae comprises of two genera, i.e
Musa and Ensete .
 Ensete is character by sexsual propagation with
seldom production of side sucker. This genus has
6-8 species i.e Ensete glaucum, Ensete
ventricosum, Ensete superbum
 Musa - The Genus Musa was first named by Carl
Linnaeus in 1753. It has five sections i.e Eumusa,
Kalimusa, Rhodochlamys, Australimusa,
Ingentimusa

9. A- Musa coccinea
B- M. velutina
C- M. laterita
D- M. beccarii
E- M. textiles
F- M. acuminata
G- M. balbisiana
H- Dessert banana (AAA)
I- Plantain (AAB)
J- Tetraploid hybrid
(AAAB)
K- Cooing banana (ABB)

10. WILD RELATIVES
 SPECIES FEATURES
M. acuminata spp. Malaccensis Flower used as vegetable
M. textilis Fibre yielding species
M. velutina Self peeling banana spp
M. velutina, M. ornata Ornamental species
M. laterita Tolerant to panama wilt

25. Methods of Ex Situ conservation

26. Major banana collections
 WORLD
 There are at least 60 major banana collections worldwide. Most banana
collections manage their accessions as full-size plants (in vivo) in the
field.
 A survey completed in 2015 reported that 56 field collections of banana
together hold more than 9,000 accessions.
 he The International Musa Germplasm Transit Centre managed by
Bioversity International holds 1,500 accessions in vitro and 950
accessions under cryopreservation.
 INDIA
 Field genebank at NRCB, Trichy is one of the Asia’s largest genebanks
with 340 indigenous accessions
 DNA bank has been established with 310 indigenous and 30 exotic
accessions at NRCB
 An in vitro gene bank facility has been created at NRCB, Trichy with
200 germplasm accessions for short term conservation.

27. WORLD WIDE
 Collection centre country
 BPI Philippines;
 CARBAP Cameroon;
 CIRAD France;
 FHIA Honduras;
 DPI&F Australia;
 EMBRAPA Brazil;
 IEB Czech Republic;
 IITA Nigeria and Uganda;
 NARO Uganda;
 NRCB India;
 ARC South Africa;
 SPC Fiji;
 USDA-TARS Puerto Rico.