2. WHAT IS PAPER BATTERY
• A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage and production
device formed by combining carbon nanotube with a conventional
sheet of cellulose-based paper.
• A paper battery acts as both a high-energy battery and super- capacitor,
combining two components that are separate in traditional electronics.
3. GENERAL Li-ION BATTERY
• Generally Li-ion re-chargeable batteries are used in mobiles,laptops
and most of the electronic devices.
• 3 primary functional component of Li-ion battery are:
• 1. -ve electrode(graphite)
• 2. +ve electrode(cobalt oxide)
• 3.electrolyte( lithium salt in organic solvent)
4. • During discharge and charging, lithium ions Li+ carry the current from
the negative to the positive electrode and vice-versa respectively,
through the non-aqueous electrolyte
5. DISADVANTAGES OF Li-Ion
• Expansive -- 40% more than NiCd.
• Delicate -- battery temp must be monitored from within (which raises
the price), and sealed particularly well.
• Regulations -- when shipping Li-Ion batteries in bulk (which also
raises the price).
6. WORKING CONVENTIONAL BATTERY
Vs PAPER BATTERY
• Conventional Battery produce electrons through a chemical reaction
between electrolyte and metal.
• Chemical reaction in Paper Battery is between electrolyte and carbon
nano-tubes. Electrons must flow from negative to positive terminal for
the chemical reaction.
7. • The Paper electrode stores charge while recharging in 10 seconds
because ions flow through the thin electrode quicklyConventional
Battery produce electrons through a chemical reaction between
electrolyte and metal.
• Chemical reaction in Paper Battery is between electrolyte and carbon
nano-tubes. Electrons must flow from negative to positive terminal for
the chemical reaction.
• The Paper electrode stores charge while recharging in 10 seconds
because ions flow through the thin electrode quickly.
8. PROCESS OF PREPERING PAPER
BATTERY
• First black carbon ink is applied on a cellulose based paper.
• Black carbon ink is being spread on the paper.
• It is heated so that the carbon nano tubes get attached to the paper.
• Peal it off.
• Connect LED on both the ends…and check it.
9. WHY TO USE PAPER BATTERY?
• Ultra-thin size & flexible structure.
• Exhibits property of super-capacitor(22F-36F pergram)
• Operating temper ature(-75 to 100 degree celsius)
• provide both long-term, steady power production andbursts of energy.
• Cost-effective.
10. CONSTRUCTION OF PAPER BATTERY
• CNT thin films were coated onto stainless steel (SS) substrates with a
solution based process.
• The concentration of CNT is 1.7 mg/mL.
• A dried film with a thickness of 2 micrometer wasformed after drying
the CNT ink on the SS substrate at 80 °C for 5 min.This film is then
peeled off from substrate.
11. • These films act as electrodes of paper battery.one film is pasted to
electrolyte LTO (Li4Ti5O12) andthe other film is pasted to electrolyte
LCO (LiCoO2).
• Paper is sandwiched between two electrolytes LTO
• and LCO with PVDF(poly vinylidene fluoride) .
14. WORKING OF PAPER BATTERY
• Batteries produce electrons through a chemical reaction between
electrolyte and metal in the traditional battery.
• Chemical reaction in the paper battery is between electrolyte and
carbon nanotubes.
• Electrons collect on the negative terminal of the battery and flow
along a connected wire to the positive terminal.
15. • Electrons must flow from the negative to the positive terminal for the
chemical reaction to continue.
16. CARBON NANO TUBES
• A carbon nanotube is a tube-shaped material, made of carbon, having a
diameter measuring on the nanometer scale.
• A nanometer is one billionth of the meter or about one ten-thousandth
the thickness of the human hair.
• The graphite layer appears somewhat like a rolled-up chicken wire
with a continuous unbroken hexagonal mesh and carbon molecules at
the apexes of the hexagons.
17. • Carbon Nanotubes have many structures, differing in length,
thickness, and in the type of helicity and number of layers.
• Although they are formed from essentially the same graphite sheet,
their electrical characteristics differ depending on these variations,
acting either as metals or as semiconductors.
• Because of the symmetry and unique electronic structure of graphene,
the structure of a nanotube strongly affects its electrical properties
23. ADVANTAGES
• The flexible battery can function even if it is rolled up, folded or cut.
• We can get 2.5 volts of electricity from a sample the size of a postage
stamp.
• If we stack 500 sheets together in a ream, that's 500 times the voltage.
If we rip the paper in half we cut power by 50%. So we can control the
power and voltage issue.
24. • Because the battery consists mainly of paper and carbon, it could be
used to power pacemakers within the body where conventional
batteries pose a toxic threat.
25. DISADVANTAGES
• Carbon ano tubes are very expansive.
• Batteries with large enough power are unlikely to be cost effective.
• For commercial viabilities, these batteries have to be scaled upto Sheets
of news paper size.
• Replacing old batteries results wastage of old electronic goods
Generation of E-Waste Should not be inhaled as they can damage lungs
26. CONCLUSION
• Lithium-ion batteries with CNT-microfiber paper-based current
collectors have been developed.
• The capacities are comparable with traditional batteries.
• It has a wide range of electronics applications as they provide
flexibility, lightweight, and high capacity features.
27. REFERENCE
• 1] L. Hu, J. W. Choi, Y. Yang, S. Jeong, F. La Mantia, F. Cui, and Y.
Cui, “Highly conductive paper for energy-storage devices,” Proc. Nat.
Academy Sci., vol. 106, pp. 21490–21494, 2009.
• [2] L.Hu,H.Wu,F. LaMantia,Y.Yang,andY.Cui,“Thin,flexiblesecondary
Li-ion paper batteries,” ACS Nano, vol. 4, pp. 5843–5848, 2010.
