2. Nanomaterials is a field which takes a
materials science-based approach to
nanotechnology.
Nanomaterials studies materials that have very
different properties on the nanoscale.
Nanoscale means smaller than one tenth of a
micrometer in at least one dimension of an
object.
4. Fullerenes are molecules made completely out of
carbon, regardless of its molecular structure. They can
come in spheres, cylinders, ellipsoids or tubes.
Cylindrical fullerenes are also known as carbon
nanotubes or buckytubes.
Fullerene=Buckyball
The first fullerene
(buckminsterfullerene C60) was made
by Robert Curl, Harold Kroto and
Richard Smalley in 1985.
The name was a homage to Richard
Buckminster Fuller as fullerenes
resemble his geodesic domes.
5. Silver nanoparticles are silver particles that are
between 1 nm and 100 nm in size.
Some silver nanoparticles are composed mainly of
silver oxide.
Ways to produce silver nanoparticles:
1. Physical vapour deposition
2. Ion implantation
3. Wet chemistry
Medical Uses:
1.bone cement
2.surgical instruments
3.surgical masks
4.wound dressings
5.treatment of HIV-1
6. They are highly reactive because of their large
surface area.
Iron nanoparticles are widely used in:
1. medical and laboratory applications
2. remediation of industrial sites contaminated
with chlorinated organic compounds
7. Iron nanoparticles can be used to treat several
forms of ground contamination, including
grounds contaminated by polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs), chlorinated organic solvents,
and organochlorine pesticides.
They tend to agglomerate on soil surfaces and
can be easily transported through ground
water.
8. Platinum nanoparticles are usually in the form
of a suspension or colloid of sub-micrometre-
sized particles of platinumin a fluid, usually
water.
A colloid is defined to be particles which
remain suspended without forming an ionic or
dissolved solution.
Platinum nanoparticles range between 2-3nm.
9. They have antioxidant properties and are
substantially researched.
Platinum nanoparticles may have applications
in the following areas:
1. Nanotechnology
2. Medicine
3. Synthesis of novel materials with unique
properties
10. Colloidal gold/Gold nanoparticles is a
suspension (or colloid) of sub-micrometre-
sized particles of gold in a fluid — usually
water.
Since ancient times, colloidal gold is
synthesized for staining glass.
A relatively simpler method of producing gold
nanoparticles is to reduce chloroauric acid.
11. Now, colloidal gold is a subject of substantial
research as it may have applications in many
fields:
1. Electron microscopy
2. Electronics
3. Nanotechnology
4. Materials science
Colloidal gold is used as a therapy for rheumatoid
arthritis in rats.
The implantation of gold beads near arthritic hip
joints in dogs has been found to relieve pain.
