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STRESS
  AND
CONFLICT
Definition of Stress
“An adaptive response, mediated by
individual differences and/or psychological
process, that is a consequence of any
external (environmental) action, situation,
or event that places excessive psychological
and/or physical demands on a person”
Job Stress
“A condition arising from the interaction of
people and their jobs and characterized by
  changes within people that force them to
   deviate from their normal functioning”
    An adaptive response to an external
      situation that results in physical,
psychological, and/or behavioral deviations
      for organizational participants”
What Stress is, and is not
Good/positive stress
Bad/negative stress
Stress is not simply anxiety
Stress is not simply nervous tension
Stress is not necessarily something
damaging, bad, or to be avoided
What about Burnout?
Stress is normal and often quite healthy,
however, when the ability to cope with
stress begins to let us down, then we may be
on the road to burnout”
“Burnout may be the consequence of losing
the sense of basic purpose and fulfillment of
your work”
Burnout creates a sense of isolation and a
feeling of control, causing the burn out
employee to relate differently to others and
to their work”
The causes of stress
Extra organizational stressors
Organizational stressors
Group stressors
Individual stressors
Extra organizational stressors
 “Extra organizational stressors include
  things such as societal/technological
    change, globalization, the family,
   relocation, economic and financial
conditions, race and class, and residential
        or community conditions”
Organizational stressors
“Organization is made up of groups of
individuals, which includes macro level
stressors can be categorized into
administrative policies and strategies,
organizational structure and design,
organizational processes and working
condition”
“Organizational stressor include
responsibility without authority, inability to
voice complaints, inadequate
recognition,and lack of clear job
descriptions or reporting relationships”
Group stressors

Lack of group cohesiveness
Lack of social support
Individual stressors
“Extra organizational, organizational, and
group all eventually get down to the
individual level”
“Personality control, learned helplessness
and psychological hardiness may all affect
the level of stress someone experience ”
Definition of conflict
“A process that begins when one party
perceives that another party has negatively
affected, or is about to negatively affect,
something that first party cares about”
Views of conflict
Traditional view of conflict “The belief that
all conflict is harmful and must be avoided”
Human relations view of conflict “ The
belief that conflict is a natural and
inevitable outcome in any group”
Interactive view of conflict “ The belief
that conflict is not only a positive force in a
group but that it is absolutely necessary for
a group to perform effectively”
Forms of conflict
Functional conflict “ Conflict that supports
the goals of the group and improves its
performance”
Dysfunctional conflict “conflict that
hinders group performance”
Intra individual Conflict
Conflict due to frustration
Goal conflict
Role conflict
Goal conflict
Approach approach conflict
Approach avoidance conflict
Avoidance avoidance conflict
Role conflict and ambiguity
The person and the role
Intra role
Inter role
Interactive conflict
Interpersonal conflict
Inter group behavior and conflict
Interpersonal conflict
Personal differences
Information deficiency
Role incompatibility
Environment stress
Inter group behavior and
            conflict
Competition for resources
Task interdependence
Jurisdiction ambiguity
Status struggles
The effects of stress and
    intra individual conflict
Physical problems due to stress and conflict
Psychological problems due to stress and
conflict
Behavioral problems due to stress and
conflict
Coping strategies for stress and
           conflict

Individual coping strategies
Organizational coping strategies
Individual coping strategies
Exercise
Relaxation
Behavioral self control
Cognitive therapy
Networking
Organizational coping strategies
 Be proactive
 Acknowledge survivors emotions
 Communicate after the downsizing
 Clarify new roles
The conflict process
                         Perceived            Conflict-
                                              Handling
Antecedent Condition     Conflict            Intentions
•Communication                              •Competing
                                          •Collaborating      Overt conflict
•Structure                               •Compromising      •Party’s behavior
                                             •Avoiding      •Other’s reaction
•Personal variables
                        Felt Conflict   •Accommodating




                                               Increased         Decreased
                                                 group             group
                                              performance       performance
The conflict process
Perceived conflict
Felt conflict
Intensions
Competing
Collaborating
Avoiding
Accommodating
Compromising
Conflict Management Technique

 Conflict resolution techniques
 Conflict stimulation techniques

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Ob 4 strress and conflict

  • 2. Definition of Stress “An adaptive response, mediated by individual differences and/or psychological process, that is a consequence of any external (environmental) action, situation, or event that places excessive psychological and/or physical demands on a person”
  • 3. Job Stress “A condition arising from the interaction of people and their jobs and characterized by changes within people that force them to deviate from their normal functioning” An adaptive response to an external situation that results in physical, psychological, and/or behavioral deviations for organizational participants”
  • 4. What Stress is, and is not Good/positive stress Bad/negative stress Stress is not simply anxiety Stress is not simply nervous tension Stress is not necessarily something damaging, bad, or to be avoided
  • 5. What about Burnout? Stress is normal and often quite healthy, however, when the ability to cope with stress begins to let us down, then we may be on the road to burnout” “Burnout may be the consequence of losing the sense of basic purpose and fulfillment of your work” Burnout creates a sense of isolation and a feeling of control, causing the burn out employee to relate differently to others and to their work”
  • 6. The causes of stress Extra organizational stressors Organizational stressors Group stressors Individual stressors
  • 7. Extra organizational stressors “Extra organizational stressors include things such as societal/technological change, globalization, the family, relocation, economic and financial conditions, race and class, and residential or community conditions”
  • 8. Organizational stressors “Organization is made up of groups of individuals, which includes macro level stressors can be categorized into administrative policies and strategies, organizational structure and design, organizational processes and working condition” “Organizational stressor include responsibility without authority, inability to voice complaints, inadequate recognition,and lack of clear job descriptions or reporting relationships”
  • 9. Group stressors Lack of group cohesiveness Lack of social support
  • 10. Individual stressors “Extra organizational, organizational, and group all eventually get down to the individual level” “Personality control, learned helplessness and psychological hardiness may all affect the level of stress someone experience ”
  • 11. Definition of conflict “A process that begins when one party perceives that another party has negatively affected, or is about to negatively affect, something that first party cares about”
  • 12. Views of conflict Traditional view of conflict “The belief that all conflict is harmful and must be avoided” Human relations view of conflict “ The belief that conflict is a natural and inevitable outcome in any group” Interactive view of conflict “ The belief that conflict is not only a positive force in a group but that it is absolutely necessary for a group to perform effectively”
  • 13. Forms of conflict Functional conflict “ Conflict that supports the goals of the group and improves its performance” Dysfunctional conflict “conflict that hinders group performance”
  • 14. Intra individual Conflict Conflict due to frustration Goal conflict Role conflict
  • 15. Goal conflict Approach approach conflict Approach avoidance conflict Avoidance avoidance conflict
  • 16. Role conflict and ambiguity The person and the role Intra role Inter role
  • 18. Interpersonal conflict Personal differences Information deficiency Role incompatibility Environment stress
  • 19. Inter group behavior and conflict Competition for resources Task interdependence Jurisdiction ambiguity Status struggles
  • 20. The effects of stress and intra individual conflict Physical problems due to stress and conflict Psychological problems due to stress and conflict Behavioral problems due to stress and conflict
  • 21. Coping strategies for stress and conflict Individual coping strategies Organizational coping strategies
  • 22. Individual coping strategies Exercise Relaxation Behavioral self control Cognitive therapy Networking
  • 23. Organizational coping strategies Be proactive Acknowledge survivors emotions Communicate after the downsizing Clarify new roles
  • 24. The conflict process Perceived Conflict- Handling Antecedent Condition Conflict Intentions •Communication •Competing •Collaborating Overt conflict •Structure •Compromising •Party’s behavior •Avoiding •Other’s reaction •Personal variables Felt Conflict •Accommodating Increased Decreased group group performance performance
  • 25. The conflict process Perceived conflict Felt conflict Intensions Competing Collaborating Avoiding Accommodating Compromising
  • 26. Conflict Management Technique Conflict resolution techniques Conflict stimulation techniques