2. Member of Group
Nur Holipah
@ oyiiep
201012500981
Syarisah
@cha_adjaah
201012500129
3. Background
Cooperative Learning is an approach to teaching that makes
maximum use of cooperative activities involving pairs and small
group of learners in the classroom.
Goals of CLL:
To provide opportunities for naturalistic second language
acquisition through the use of interactive pair and group activities
To provide teacher with a methodology
To enable focused attention to particular lexical items, language
structures, and communicative function
To provide opportunities for learners to develop successful learning and
communication strategies
To enhance learner motivation and reduce learner stress and to
create a positive affective classroom climate
4. Approach
Theory of Language
Premise 1 :
Learn to
talk
Premise 3 : Cooperative
rules or maxim
Premise 5 :
Cooperative
Structured
Interactional activities
Premise 4 :
everyday
conversational
interaction
Premise 2 : most talk
/ speech
5. Theory of Learning
Develop communicative competence
Practise in conversing
Develop learners
Six Learning Advantages for ESL students in CLL Calssroom :
Increased frequency and variety of second language
Support cognitive development and increased language skills
Opportunities to integrate language with content-based instruction
Opportunities to include a greater variety of curricular materials
Freedom for teachers to master new professional skills, particularly
does emphasizing communication
Opportunities for students to act as resources for each
others, thus assuming a more active role in their learning
7. The Syllabus
CLL does not assume any particular form of language syllabus.
Types of learning and teaching actoivities (Johnson et al. (1994:4-5)) :
Formal cooperative learning groups.
Informal cooperative learning groups.
Cooperative base groups.
Key elements of succesful group based learning CL (Olsen and
Kagan (1992)) :
Positive interdependence
Group Formation
Individual accountability
Social skills
Structuring and structures
8. Three major kinds of cooperative learning task and
their learning focus. Coelho (1992b: 132) :
Team practise
for common
input
Jigsaw:
diferentiated but
predetermined
input
Cooperative
projects :
topics/resources
selected by
students/discover
y learning
Learn
teamw
ork
skill
Director
s of
their
own
learning
Plan, m
onitor,
and
evalua
te
Learner
roles
9. Teacher roles
Create a highly structured and well organized learning environment
Setting goals
Planning and structuring task
Estabilishing the physical arrangement
Assigning students to group and roles
Selecting material and time
Facilitator of learning
The role of instructional materials
Create opportunities for students to work
cooperatively
10. Procedure
The teacher assigns students to pairs with at least one good reader in
each pair
Student A describes the planning to write by student B
The prosedure is reversed
The student individually research the material they need for their
compositions
The student work together
The student write their composition individually
The student proofread and making correction to other’s composition
Revise their compositions
Reread each other’s compositions and sign their names to indicate that
each composition is error-free
11. Conclusions
• The use of discussion groups
• Increase student’s participation
• Planned to maximize student’s
interaction
• Facilitate student’s contributions
• Can be collaborated with other teaching
methods
• Enhances both learning and learner’s
interaction skills
