Public speaking is a formal oral communication where a speaker talks on a given topic before a large audience. It has characteristics such as being a formal communication between at least two parties, incorporating both art and science, and allowing only one speaker at a time. Public speaking is both an art and a science - it requires practical and theoretical knowledge as well as personal skills, consideration of human elements, and continuous development, while also having defined principles and research processes. There are various reasons for fear of public speaking such as a lack of confidence, emotions, lack of preparation or communication skills. Effective public speaking involves determining a topic, organizing relevant information, preparing the audience, using techniques to engage them, and analyzing one's performance.