Anatomists and their art

Anatomists and Their Art Charleen M. Moore, Ph.D. Distinguished Teaching Professor Department of Cellular and Structural Biology

Anatomists and Their Art Artists Who Dissected Anatomists Who Drew Anatomist and Artist Teams

Medieval Medical Centers Padua – 13th c. Bologna – 11th c. Salerno – 10th c.

Five Picture Seriesbones, nerves, muscles, veins, and arteries

Johannes de Ketham Fasciculo di medicina (1493)Wound Man The Dissection Zodiac Man woodcut illustrations

Johannes de Ketham Fasciculo di medicina (1493) The Dissectioncolored (either with stencils or by hand-pressed color blocks) in four colors

Johannes de KethamFasciculo di medicina (1493) Archiginnasio, Bologna Anatomical Theatre (1637)

Jacopo Berengario da Carpi (1460-1530) Isagoge Breves (1522-1535) (A Short Introduction to Anatomy) Artist? Hugo da Carpi (1455-1523)

Jacopo Berengario da Carpi (1460-1530) Isagoge Breves (1522-1535)

Artists Who DissectedLeonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528)Michelangelo (1475-1564)Raphael (1483-1521)

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)

Leonardo da Vinci: The Mechanics of Man Martin Clayton and Dr. Ron Philo

Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528) Adam and Eve Vier Bücher von menschlicher Proportion(1507) Oil on panel (1528)

Michelangelo (1475-1564)

Raphael (1483-1521)La Fornarina (1518-19) Oil on wood

Anatomists Who DrewRobert Hooke (1635 - 1703)Antonio Scarpa (1747 - 1832)John Bell (1763-1820)Sir Charles Bell (1774 – 1842)

Robert Hooke (1635 – 1703)“. . . I could exceedingly plainly perceive it [cork] to be all perforatedand porous, much like a Honey-comb, but that the pores of it werenot regular. . . . these pores, or cells, . . . were indeed the firstmicroscopical pores I ever saw, . . . “ Thin Slices of Cork

Robert Hooke (1635 - 1703) Micrographia (1665)

Hernias Antonio Scarpa (1747 - 1832) Scarpa’s Triangle Nerve Supply (Femoral Triangle) to Heart Bracing for Clubfoot

Antonio Scarpa (1747 - 1832)Saggio di osservazioni e d’esperienze sulle principali mallatti degli occhi first edition copper plate illustration

John Bell (1763-1820)

John Bell (1763-1820)Anatomy of the Human Body. 2d ed. Vol. I (1804) Etching

Sir Charles Bell (1774 – 1842)Nerves of the head Bell’s drawing reprinted in Charles Darwin’s The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872)

Sir Charles Bell (1774 – 1842) An Exposition of the Natural Systemof the Nerves of the Human Body, 1824 A System of Dissections, 1798

Sir Charles Bell (1774 – 1842) Bell was a surgeon at Battle of Waterloo in 1815 Watercolor paintings of wounded soldiers

Anatomist and Artist TeamsAndreas Vesalius (1514 – 1564) and Jan Stephan van Calcar (1499 - ca. 1546)Giulio Casseri (ca.1552-1616) and Odoardo FialettiBernhard Siegfried Albinus (1697-1770) and Jan Wanderlaar (1690-1759)William Hunter (1718-1783) and Jan van Riemsdyk (fl. 1750-1788)

Andreas Vesalius (1514 – 1564) and Jan Stephan van Calcar (1499 - ca. 1546) De humani corporis fabrica, 1543

De humani corporis fabrica, 1543

Andreas Vesalius (1514 – 1564) and Jan Stephan van Calcar (1499 - ca. 1546) De humani corporis fabrica, 1543

Andreas Vesalius (1514 – 1564) and Jan Stephan van Calcar (1499 - ca. 1546) Historiated Initials De humani corporis fabrica, 1543

Giulio Casseri (ca.1552-1616) and Odoardo FialettiTabulae Anatomicae (1627) Copperplate engraving

Bernhard Siegfried Albinus (1697-1770) and Jan Wanderlaar (1690-1759) Tables of the skeleton and muscles of the human body (London, 1749) Used a net with square webbing between artist and specimen that increased the scientific accuracy of the illustration

Clara, the rhinoceros, toured Europe from 1741 – 1758Rhinoceros, circle of Pietro Longhi, c.1751 Map from Clara’s Grand Tour by Glynis Ridley, 2004

Bernhard Siegfried Albinus (1697-1770) and Jan Wanderlaar (1690-1759) Tabulae sceleti et musculorum corporis humani (Leiden, 1747) Tables of the skeleton and muscles of the human body (London, 1749)

William Hunter John Hunter (1718 - 1783) (1728 - 1793)

William Hunter (1718-1783) and Jan van Riemsdyk (fl. 1750-1788) The Anatomy of the Gravid Uterus (1774) Plate XX Plate VI

P.I. Nixon Medical Historical Library Established 1970

Pat Ireland Nixon, M.D., (1883-1965)Dr. Pat at his writing desk at home

Friends of theP.I. Nixon Medical Historical Library (1971 – Present)

First Gift to the P.I. Nixon Collection on Behalf of the Friends, 1971William Smellie: A Sett of Anatomical Tables, 1754 Less than one hundred copies are known.

Sir Charles Bell (1774 – 1842)Engravings from specimens of morbid parts (1813) 15 copies world-wide

Latest Gift to the P.I. Nixon Collection on Behalf of the Friends, 2011 Sir Charles Bell (1774 – 1842) Series of engravings explaining the course of the nerves London 1803

Friends of the P.I. Nixon Medical Historical Library Annual Dinner, November 7, 2011 Doctors and Dollars May Not Always Be Enough Fernando Guerra, M.D.Director of Health for the San Antonio Metropolitan Health District

Anatomists and their art

by University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio Libraries on Aug 06, 2012

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