Duff, Chapter One

1. The Alphabet (2)
Dr Gillian Townsley

2. Questions from Practice 1.1
Breathings
Diphthongs and Iota Subscript
Accents/Stress
Punctuation
Vocab
Practice, Exercises

4. Breathings
Breathings
Every word that begins with a vowel or a r
has a breathing mark above it
Vowels: a e h i o u w
Rough - I love “ham” (aspirated) aJ
Smooth - I “am” (not aspirated) aj
NB: THEY ARE NOT
OPTIONAL!!!

5. Breathings
Breathings
Every word that begins with a vowel or a r
has a breathing mark above it
Vowels: a e h i o u w
Rough - aJgio" (holy)
Smooth - ajggelo" (angel)
NB: THEY ARE NOT
OPTIONAL!!!

6. Breathings
Breathings
Every word that begins with a vowel or a r
has a breathing mark above it
Vowels: a e h i o u w
a r at the start of a word always has a
rough breathing eg. rJabbi
NB: THEY ARE NOT
OPTIONAL!!!

7. Breathings
Breathings
Every word that begins with a vowel or a r
has a breathing mark above it
Vowels: a e h i o u w
If a word begins with a capital letter,
the breathing goes before it eg.
jIhsou"
NB: THEY ARE NOT
OPTIONAL!!!

8. Breathings
Breathings
NB: THEY ARE NOT
OPTIONAL!!!

9. Diphthongs
Diphthongs
Two vowels together that make one sound
ai ei oi ui
au ou eu hu

10. Diphthongs
Diphthongs
Two vowels together that make one sound
ai ei oi ui
au ou eu hu
If a word begins with a diphthong, the
breathing goes over the second letter eg.
aiJma AiJma uiJo"

11. Diphthongs
Diphthongs
Two vowels together that make one sound
ai ei oi ui
au ou eu hu
Not all vowel combos are diphthongs. If
a word begins with two such vowels, the
breathing will be above the first vowel, eg.
ejan iJeron

12. Diphthongs
Diphthongs
A special form of diphthong is the
iota subscript (at the end of a word)
h w a + i
h/ w/ a/
eg. logw/

13. Iota
Iota
Subscripts
Subscripts
NB: THEY ARE NOT
OPTIONAL!!!

14. Accents/Str
Accents/Str
ess
ess
We will not worry about these
(much)!

15. Punctuatio
Punctuatio
n
n
The oldest extant texts have
no punctuation and are in
capital letters, often with no
spaces!

16. Punctuatio
Punctuatio
n
n
Greek
English
. [on the line]
.
,
,
. [above the line]
; or :
;
?
Meaning
full stop
comma
semicolon
question mark

17. Punctuatio
Punctuatio
n
n
Greek
English
. [on the line]
.
,
,
. [above the line]
; or :
;
?
Meaning
full stop
comma
semicolon
question mark
NB: BE CAREFUL OF THE
OVERLAP!

18. Punctuatio
Punctuatio
n
n
Elision will take place sometimes with vowels
and is marked by an apostrophe:
ajlla ejgw
ajll j ejgw

19. Punctuation
Punctuation
NB: THIS IS NOT
OPTIONAL!!!

20. “Vocab" =
the building blocks of success!

21. Make your
own flash
cards!

22. Or buy them!!

23. Check out various websites …

24. Check out various websites …

25. Check out various apps …

26. Check out various apps …

27. Go through Duff, pp 14-20
Do Practice 1.2 - 1.6
Do Exercises, pp 19-20
Learn Vocab, p 19
Check out www.inthebeginning.org/ntgreek
(see next slide)
And, ideally, read through Ch2!

28. Check out www.inthebeginning.org/ntgreek
The rest of the Lessons (1-5) are all helpful!!