01.perancangan sistem transportasi vertikal dalam gedung

PEMILIHAN SISTEM LIFT TRANSPORTASI VERTIKAL DALAM GEDUNG
1
 Konfigurasi kelompok lift
dalam satu sistem :
- Single rise (zona)
- Multi rise (zona)
- Ulang-alik (shuttle service), dengan transit floor
continued……..
PERANCANGAN SISTEM TRANSPORTASI
VERTIKAL dalam GEDUNG

2
 Tata letak dalam bangunan
hubungannya dengan :
- Selasar (koridor)
- Balai tunggu (lobby)
- Fungsi-fungsi lantai
 Perhitungan
Jumlah unit, kapasitas, dan kecepatan lift
(merujuk kriteria yang ditetapkan dalam SNI)
PERANCANGAN SISTEM TRANSPORTASI
VERTIKAL dalam GEDUNG

3
ABSTRACT
Banyak pertimbangan yang harus diperhitungkan jika kita hendak
merencanakan jenis lift yang tepat (optimal) untuk suatu gedung.
Paling sederhana dengan membandingkan gedung-gedung kiri-
kanan yang ada. Ternyata sukses gedung yang sifatnya sama
tidak harus memiliki jenis sirkulasi orang (traffic) yang sama.
Budaya, lokasi bangunan, dan fungsi bangunan itu sendiri,
adalah juga merupakan faktor dan asumsi yang harus
dipertimbangkan dalam perhitungan pemilihan.
continued…

4
ABSTRACT
Pemilihan sistem lift harus memenuhi 2 kriteria sekaligus yaitu
batas maksimum interval (waktu tunggu rata-rata di lobi) dan
daya angkut secara kelompok dalam selang tempo 5 menit
harus lebih besar dari kebutuhan penghuni bangunan saat
sirkulasi puncak (peak traffic demand).
Oleh karena itu perhitungan dilakukan secara “coba-ulang” (trial
and error method) beberapa kali sampai memperoleh kombinasi
yang efisien dan ekonomis.

5
REFERENCES
Silahkan Saudara-Saudara membaca buku-buku berikut ini:
1. The Guide to Elevatoring, oleh : Elevator World
Educational Division.
2. SNI 03-6573-2001
Tata cara perencanaan sistem transportasi vertikal lift dalam
gedung.
3. Transportasi Vertikal,
Tata Letak dan Pemilihan Sistem Lift, oleh Ir. Sarwono
Kusasi. Yayasan Badan Penerbit P.U.
4. Transportasi Vertikal, oleh George R. Strakosch.
Penerbit : John Wiley and Sons, New York.
ISBN 0-471-86733-0.

6
BASIC PHILOSOPHY
How to handle traffics
in a high rise building
efficiently at acceptable
and
reasonable cost

7
SUPPLY and DEMAND
a.Number of Units
b.Capacity (kg)
c.Speed (m/m)
a.Function of Building
b.Peak traffic demand
(persons/5minutes)
c.Avg-Waiting time
(in second)

8
FUNCTION OF BUILDINGS and
TRAFFIC PATERN
No. Function Peak Traffic Demand
1. Office buildings
Single purpose bld
Multi purpose bld
morning up peak
afternoon down peak
2. Hotels
Hospitals
balance up and down
(most of the time)
3. Apartments morning down peak
(balance, rest of the time)4. School buildings
morning up peak
(balance, rest of the time)

9
POTENTIAL TRAFFIC
(excluding grd floor as a terminal)
(1) OFFICE BUILDINGS
a. Commercial : 10 m2/P
b. Prestige : 12 m2/P
c. Institutional : 8 m2/P
e.g (a) 1200 m2 net rentable are / floor
P.T = 1200 / 10 = 120 persons / floor
(2) 1. HOTEL
a. 1st class hotel : 90% no. of rooms x 1.7
b. medium and low class : no. of rooms x 1.7
e.g : (a) 400 rooms. P.T = 0.9 x 400 x 1.7 = 612 persons
2. HOSPITAL
High rise hospital bld : 90% x rooms x 3.5
continued...

10
(3) APARTMENTS
a. Luxurious : 90% no. of units x 3.5
b. Medium : 90% no. of units x 4.0
c. Low cost : 90% no. of units x 5.0
e.g (a) no.of units = 100
P.T = 0.9 x 100 x 4 = 360 persons
(4) SCHOOL BUILDINGS
no. of class x 25 persons
e.g : 10 class rooms
P.T = 10 x 25 = 250 persons
continued.....
POTENTIAL TRAFFIC

11
(5) DEPT. STORE
75% P.T handled by ESCALATORS
25% P.T handled by ELEVATORS
P.T = 2.5 m2 sales area per persons
e.g total sales area = 4000 m2
P.T to be handled by ESCALATORS = 1200 persons
P.T to be handled by ELEVATORS = 400 persons
POTENTIAL TRAFFIC

12
NUMBER OF UNITS & GROUPING
 One unit : Simplex operation, serves 7 floors
 Two units: Duplex operation, serve 16 floors
 3 8 unit : Group operation, serve > 16 floors
(micro processor base control)
Multi rise (zone) : 10 floors / rise

13
CAR AREA & CAPACITY
1 person = 68 kg (average)
1 person = 0.16 m2
Capacity = 680 kg = 10 persons
1.6 m2 net area of car
+ 1.4 m (W) x 1.2 m (D)
W = + 1.2 D
W = width D = depth

14
CAR AREA & CAPACITY
C = 680 kg (10 persons)
A = Car net area = 1.4 m x 1.2 m) = 1.68 m2
CWT CWT RAILS
CAR
1.4m WIDTH CAR RAILS
1.2m DEPTH
CAR DOOR
SUGGESTED DEPTH = + 80% of WIDTH

15
SPEED SELECTION
1. Low Rise Building 45 m/m - 105 m/m
(up to 13 floors)
2. Medium Low Building 105 m/m - 150 m/m
(up to 25 floors)
3. Medium High Building 150 m/m - 240 m/m
(up to 35 floors)
4. High Rise Building 240 m/m - 360 m/m
(up to 55 floors)
5. Super High Building 420 m/m - 660 m/m
(above 55 floors)

16
SPEED SELECTION
OFFICE BUILDINGS
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
120-
150m/m
180-
210m/m
240-
300m/m
300-
420m/m
420-
540m/m
Super High Rise
High Rise
Medium High Rise
Medium Low Rise
Low Rise
floors
speed

17
SPEED SELECTION
APARTMENT BUILDINGS
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
30-60m/m 60-90m/m 90-105m/m 90-120m/m
Low Rise
Medium Low Rise
floors
speed

18
SPEED SELECTION
HOSPITAL BUILDINGS
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
30-60m/m 60-105m/m 105-150m/m 150-180m/m
Low Rise
Medium Low Rise
floors
speed

19
GROUP OPERATION
Number of units of office buildings
BASIC RULE / RULE of THUMB
 Medium Rise
3000 m2/unit lift or 200 persons/unit lift or
3 floor served/unit lift
 High Rise
3800 m2/unit lift or 250 persons/unit lift or
4 floor/lift

20
GROUP OPERATION
1. Maximum no.of Floor served = 15 for each rise
Best no.of floor served = 10
2. Ground floor as terminal of travel (= main lobby)
3. OFFICE BUILDING:
Every 3 unit passenger lifts need add
1-unit service lift
HOTEL / HOSPITAL:
Every 2 unit passenger lifts need add
1-unit service lift.
continued…

21
GROUP OPERATION
4. Single Rise-Building
maximum = 16 floors
5. Multi Rise-Building = 10 floors / rise
2 riser 20 floor bld, max 30 floor
3 riser 30 floor bld, max 40 floor
4 riser 40 floor bld, maximum
6. Sky lobby for high rise building, starting from 40
floors

22
TWO RISE & FOUR RISE
main lobby, upper
10th
20th
30th
40th
Two rise Four rise
Low Rise
Middle Low
Middle High
High Rise

23
SUPER HIGH RISE BUILDING
Up to 60 floors
main lobby, upper
lower
sky lobby, upper
lower
10th
20th
30th
40th
Shuttle Service
Double Deck Elevator
50th
60th
Esc
Esc

24
SUPER HIGH RISE BUILDING
Up to 120 floors
main lobby, upper
lower
2nd sky lobby, upper
lower
20th
40th
60th
80th
1st Shuttle Service
2nd Shuttle Service
1st sky lobby, upper
lower
120th
100th
Esc
Esc

25
ILUSTRATION
Building occupancy (population)
P.T = Potential Traffic, 10 story office Bld
(11 Floor, including Ground floor)
80 P/floor = 80 x 10 = 800 P
TD = Traffic Demand = 12.5% x 800 P
= 100 P/5 min

26
ILUSTRATION
Handling Capacity = 5 minutes period = 300 sec
UHC = Car loading x 300 (persons / 5 min)
RTT
GHC = n x UHC
RTT = Round trip time (in seconds)
= Sum up of 1) up running time
2) down running time
3) total door time + 10%
4) total dwell time + 10%

27
ILUSTRATION
Car loading = 80% x capacity of car
e.g C = 1150 kg (17 P)
Car loading = 80% x 17 P
= 13 Persons

28
INDIVIDUAL UNIT LIFT
1. Unit Handling Capacity
UHC = Loading x 300 (persons / 5 min)
RTT
2. Group Handling Capacity
GHC = n x UHC (persons / 5 min)
n = number unit lift required to handle traffic
GHC > Peak traffic demand

29
INDIVIDUAL UNIT LIFT
Two criteria shall be fulfilled:
 First criterion:
GHC > Peak Traffic Demand
 Second criterion:
Avg. Waiting Time (interval)
AWT < RTT / n

30
CRITERIA
Building Function
Peak Traffic Demand
(presentage of PT)
(per 5 minutes)
Passenger
AV. Waiting Time
(Seconds)
1. Office
a. Single purpose
b. Multi purpose
14 – 16%
10 – 13%
30 – 40
25 – 35
2. a. Business Hotel/
Hospital
b. Resort Hotel
8 – 10%
6 – 8%
40 – 60
60 – 90
3. APARTMENT
a. Luxurious
b. Standard
8%
6%
60 – 80
80 – 90

31
TRAFFIC DEMAND
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 time
% potential traffic
AM noon PM
Up peak
Down peak
Up Traffic
Down Traffic

TRAFFIC DEMAND
32

33
SPEED vs CAPACITY / LOAD
0
60
120
180
240
300
360
420
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000
Low Rise
Medium Rise
High Rise and Super High Rise
Service lift
kg
m/m
LOAD

34
SPEED vs CAPACITY / LOAD
APARTMENT, HOSPITAL, FREIGHT LIFT
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 150 300 450 600 750 900 1050 1200 1350 1500 1650 1800 1950 2100 2250 2400
Apartment
Hospital
Low duty
freight
kg
m/m
Medium duty
freight
High duty
freight

35
Harap baca ulang :
SNI 03-6573-2001
TATA CARA PERANCANGAN SISTEM
TRANSPORTASI VERTIKAL
DALAM GEDUNG

36
TERIMA KASIH ATAS PERHATIAN
HADIRIN DAN PARA UNDANGAN
Tanya Jawab
Anda bertanya,
Insya Allah saya jawab

01.perancangan sistem transportasi vertikal dalam gedung

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