Presentation at 54th ERSA Congress, August, 27.

1. Pro-environmental Behaviors, Energy
Efficiency and Sustainable
Development in Russia
Svetlana Ratner
Institute of Control Science,
Russian Academy of Science, Moscow

2. The change in energy intensity of GDP and energy use
in Russia in different periods

3. Krasnodar Region: great potential for renewables
and energy efficiency in households

4. Krasnodar Region: comparatively low level of
centralization of economy and population in one
big city

5. Energy efficiency gap and non-financial
barriers
• H1: The relatively low level of environmental consciousness of
Russians is a disincentive to the widespread use of energy saving and
renewable technologies in households;
• H2: Open sources contain insufficient information to stimulate
demand for energy saving and renewable technologies;
• H3: High level of centralization of electricity supply makes it difficult
to use available energy saving and renewable technologies by
individual households.

6. Methods:
• medium-scale face-to-face inquiry with 2 parts
• Part I: 7 open-ended questions revealing the respondents' attitude to
the problems of global climate change, environmental issues, their
tendency to demonstrate pro-environmental behavior and determining
the main sources of information about environmental problems;
• Part II:10 statements (S1-S10) about the transparency of environmental
information, the economic policy in the country, the level of
environmental awareness, the knowledge about energy saving
technologies and the level of education in the field of ecology and
sustainable development. The degree of respondent’s agreement to
these statements is scaled in 5-points Likert scale.

7. Demography structure of the sample

8. Social structure of the sample

9. Methods of data analysis:
• Non-parametric Mann-Whitney tests
• Kruskal – Wallis one-way analysis of variance
• Cross-tabulation
• Non-parametric correlation analysis
• One-way ANOVA test

10. Results: attitude to climate change
both reasons
31%
economocal activity
46%
natural reasons
18%
not happening
5%

11. Issuers of concern
42
75
73
52
57
42
22
34
51
59
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
climate change
air pollution
water pollution
soil contamination
toxic waste
depletion of fresh water sources
depletion of mineral suppliers
loss in biodiversity
genetically modified foods
deforestation

12. Sources of environmental information:
17
44
87
19
37
14
38
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
reports of international organizations
statistics
media
education
friends
profession
observations

13. Energy-saving practices

14. Well-known energy-saving technologies

15. Sources of information about energy-saving
technologies

16. The main barriers to energy-saving technologies

17. Influence of specific source of information on the
number of known energy-saving technologies
(ANOVA test)
Grouping variable Mean in the first
group
(code 0 – don’t
use)
Mean in the
second group
(code 1 – use)
F-statistics Р- level
Specialized media 3.716049 4.193548 2.0574 0.154307
Profession 3.670103 5.000000 9.8942 0.002133
Exhibitions, conferences,
etc.
3.716981 6.166667 15.3410 0.000156

18. Influence of specific source of information on the
practical use of energy-saving technologies
(cross-tabulation)
Variables 2 Р-level Goodman-
Kruskal γ
Kendall's
coefficient
Specialized media and
energy efficient lighting
and appliances
11.24554 p=0.00080 0.7531306 b=0.3168700
c=0.2684949
Professional activities and
counters with double
tariff
3.178007 p=0.07464 0.5196506 b=0.1684490
c=0.0758929
Professional activities and
energy-saving lighting and
appliances
3.751376 p=0.05276 0.5864407 b=0.1710555
c=0.1103316
Professional activities and
energy-saving building
materials
8.814228 p=0.00299 0.6675462 b=0.2805324
c=0.1613520
Exhibitions and energy
efficient lighting and
appliances
5.146073 p=0.02330 1.000000 b=0.1704899
c=0.0727041

19. Influence of specific source of information on the
evaluation of barriers to energy-saving technologies
(cross-tabulation)
Variables 2 Р-level Goodman-
Kruskal γ
Kendall's
coefficient
The technical complexity
of installation and
professional activities
2.737672 p=0.09801 0.4392523 b=0.1563442
c=0.0899235
The technical complexity
of installation and
visiting of exhibition
6.715136 p=0.00956 0.7684211 b=0.2448603
c=0.0931122
"I’m already using all
available technologies"
and professional
activities
3.993309 p=0.04568 -1.00000 b=-0.142500
c=-0.062181

20. Expectations of respondents depending on a source of
information about an environmental situation (Mann–
Whitney tests)

21. Expectations of respondents depending on a
residence (Mann–Whitney tests)

22. Other results:
• Residents of a city with population more than 300 000 have higher
concern about the water pollution than others
• Respondents, who practice PEBs, have tagged more environmental
issues than others
• Respondents who live in individual houses are more likely to use
energy-efficient construction materials then others
• Men more frequently use energy-efficient construction materials than
women.
• Respondents, who live in an apartment (or condo) are more likely to
use energy-efficient home appliances or meters with double tariff.
• People in the age groups from 30 to 50 are more likely to use
day/night tariff meters than youth or seniors.

23. Conclusions:
• residents of the Krasnodar Region have a fairly high level of
environmental awareness, recognize the necessity of PEBs and use
energy-efficient lighting, appliances and building materials as well as
meters with a double rate
• “advanced” technologies such as heat pumps, pellet system, solar
collectors, etc. are out of view of most respondents
• professional activities of the respondent is the most reliable and
relevant source of information on available technologies
• main factors that cause a difference in practice rate of energy-saving
PEBs are the place of residence and the type of accommodation

24. Policy recommendations:
• To improve information support system for promoting PEBs
and energy-efficient technologies
• To develop the market of energy efficient services (project
design, installation, etc.)
• To review educational programs

25. Thank you!
Contacts:
lanaratner@gmail.com
facebook.com/lana.ratner
www.lanarat.tk