Curriculum Development 8

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Curricular Strategies
Dr. Shahram Yazdani
sh_yaz@yahoo.com

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Curriculum Development
Problem Identification and
General Needs Assessment
Needs Assessment of
Targeted Learner
Setting Goals and
Objectives
Educational Strategies
Implementation
Evaluation and Feedback

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Educational Strategies
 Basic directional decisions through
which educational objectives will be
achieved.

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GoalsContent
Organization
of Content
Methods Settings
Quality
Improvement
Strategies
Curriculum Management
Learning
Theories
Student Assessment
Curriculum

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GoalsContent
Organization
of Content
Methods Settings
Quality
Improvement
Strategies
Curriculum Management
Learning
Theories
Exit Competencies
General Roles
General Characteristics
Student Assessment
Curriculum

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GoalsContent
Organization
of Content
Methods Settings
Quality
Improvement
Strategies
Curriculum Management
Learning
TheoriesBasic Science
Clinical Science
Interdisciplinary Themes
Communication Skills
Ethics
Informatics
Evidence Based Medicine
Student Assessment
Curriculum

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GoalsContent
Organization
of Content
Methods Settings
Quality
Improvement
Strategies
Curriculum Management
Learning
Theories
Core Content
Special Study Modules
Electives
Student Assessment
Curriculum

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GoalsContent
Organization
of Content
Methods Settings
Quality
Improvement
Strategies
Curriculum Management
Learning
Theories
Scope
Relevance
Balance
Student Assessment
Curriculum
Relationships of needs and
interests, What is concrete or
too abstract, What is useful
Proportional focus of elements
of the curriculum
Sum of content, breadth,
variety, types of experiences

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GoalsContent
Organization
of Content
Methods Settings
Quality
Improvement
Strategies
Curriculum Management
Learning
TheoriesLecture
Small group session
PBL
Case study
Morning report
Journal club
Project and Research
Student Assessment
Curriculum

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GoalsContent
Organization
of Content
Methods Settings
Quality
Improvement
Strategies
Curriculum Management
Learning
Theories
Classroom
Hospital wards
Clinics
Laboratory
Skill labs
Physicians’ offices
Rural areas
Library
Patients’ homes
Students’ homes
Virtual settings
Student Assessment
Curriculum

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GoalsContent
Organization
of Content
Methods Settings
Quality
Improvement
Strategies
Curriculum Management
Learning
Theories
Integration of Subject
Sequencing
Continuity
Articulation
Student Assessment
Curriculum
Dimension of sequencing across phases
Relationship of concepts across levels of
Basic science, Clinical Science and
Clinical Experience
planned repetition of content at successive
levels at increased level of complexity
Spiral curriculum-intro. & reinforce concepts
Order, organizing of concepts
Tells us “when”
Unify subject matter
Blending, fusing
Use of overarching themes/topics
Ways to sequence: Simple to complex
Concrete to abstract
Particular to general
Need based
Vertical Integration
Horizontal Integration

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GoalsContent
Organization
of Content
Methods Settings
Quality
Improvement
Strategies
Curriculum Management
Learning
Theories
Student Assessment
Curriculum
Student centered
Problem based
Integrated
Community oriented
Continuing
Elective
Systematic

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GoalsContent
Organization
of Content
Methods Settings
Quality
Improvement
Strategies
Curriculum Management
Learning
Theories
Formative
Summative
Student Assessment
Curriculum

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GoalsContent
Organization
of Content
Methods Settings
Quality
Improvement
Strategies
Curriculum Management
Learning
Theories
Multiple Choice Questions
Short Answer Question
Constructed Response Questions
Patient Management Problems
Portfolio Assessment
Tutor Report
OSCE
Standard Patients
Orals
Essays
Student Assessment
Curriculum

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Educational Strategies
 Educational Strategies involve methods,
settings, organization of content, and
management of curriculum

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Educational
Strategies
Educational Objectives
Implementation
….….

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Selection of Content
Organization of Content
Selection of Method
Selection of Setting
Educational Objectives
Implementation
….….
Basic
Directional
Decisions in:
Management of Curric.

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 Student-centered vs Teacher-centered
 Problem-based vs Subject-based
 Integrated vs Discipline-based
 Community-based vs Hospital-based
 Continuing vs Pregraduate education
 Elective vs Standard program
 Systematic vs Opportunistic
Harden RM, Sowden S. Educational strategies in curriculum
development: The SPICES model. Med Educ 1984;18:284-297.
SPICES

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Integrated Elective
Systematic
Problem
Based
ContinuingCommunity
Oriented
Student
Centered

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Integrated Elective
Systematic
Problem
Based
ContinuingCommunity
Oriented
Student
Centered
More Related to
Methods and Settings

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Integrated Elective
Systematic
Problem
Based
ContinuingCommunity
Oriented
Student
Centered
More Related to
Organization of Content

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Integrated Elective
Systematic
Problem
Based
ContinuingCommunity
Oriented
Student
Centered
More Related to
Educational Management

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Quality Improvement Strategies
Interventions
Improved Outcomes
Operationalization
Change in:
Methods,
Settings,
Organization of Content
Management

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Strategy
1
Strategy
2
Strategy
3
Strategy
4
Strategy
5
Strategy
6
Intervention
1
Intervention
2
Intervention
3
Intervention
4
Intervention
5
2 6 1 2 3
3 2 4 2 2 1
Easily
Operationalizable
Hardly
Operationalizable
More
Comprehensive
Less
Comprehensive

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Thank you !
Any question ?