Photography Powerpoint

1. Photographic Terminology
Ryan Sharman
Unit 57: Photography and Photographic Practice Terminology
P1, P2, M1, M2

2. Shutter Speed
Shutter speed determines how long the
shutter remains open as the picture is
taken. The slower the shutter speed, the
longer the exposure time. The shutter
speed and another component together
control the total amount of light reaching
the sensor. When it comes to how
shutter speed effects the photo it can
make little but also big differences. One
of them being noise within a photo, the
more light means you will get less noise.
Another effect would be that it controls
the impression of motion in a image, a
long shutter speed blurs motion it can
enhance the image by making the
subject look like they’re going really fast
like cars for example.
1/3200 sec.

3. Shutter Speed
Fast Shutter Speed Slow Shutter Speed
Shutter speed/ Exposure time:
2 Sec.
Shutter speed/ Exposure time:
1/30sec.

4. ISO
ISO is the level of sensitivity of your
camera available to light. The lower
the ISO number, the less sensitive it
is to the light, while the higher ISO
number increases the sensitivity of
your camera. With increased
sensitivity, your camera sensor can
capture images in low-light
environments without having to use
a flash. But higher sensitivity comes
at an expense – it adds grain or
“noise” to the pictures.
ISO 6400 ISO 3200
ISO 1600 ISO 800
ISO 400 ISO 200
ISO 100

5. ISO
High ISO Low ISO
ISO 100ISO 6400

6. Aperture & Depth of Field
• A camera can only focus its lens at a
single point, but there will be an area
that stretches in front of and behind
this focus point that still appears
sharp. This zone is known as the
depth of field. It’s not a fixed
distance, it changes in size and can be
described as either ‘shallow’ (where
only a narrow zone appears sharp) or
deep (where more of the picture
appears sharp). The example pictures
the right show the uses of high and
low F stop. The top picture is taken
on f/4.5 and the bottom picture was
taken on f/11. The lower the f stop
the blurrier the background will be
with a photo you can see with the
fence posts in the example pictures.
f/4.5
f/11

7. Aperture & Depth of Field
Narrow Depth of Field Wide Depth of Field
f/3.5 f/3.5

8. Manual Exposure
Exposure means the amount of light
that enters the sensor on your
camera. When it comes to manual
exposure this means that you are
setting it yourself and you are
controlling how much light goes into
your camera and this will determine
how your image turns out. It can
effect your photo’s quite distinctively
this could be because of too much
light or not enough. Exposure time: 1/8sec.

9. Automatic Exposure
Like I mentioned on the last slide,
exposure is how much light goes into
the camera. In the photo to the right
this was done on an automatic
setting meaning that the camera
sorted out the exposure its self and
determined how it should look and
how much light should enter the
camera. The effects of using the
automatic exprosure is that its less
hassle to set it up yourself and it also
gives you the right setting that you
need at the time. Exposure time: 1/40sec.

10. White Balance
It defines what the colour white
looks like in specific lighting
conditions, which also affects the
hue of all other colours. When
looking at your camera settings in
the white balance menu it will come
up with Auto, Daylight, Cloudy,
Tungsten light, Florescent light and a
few more. When you are in each
lighting condition you should apply
them to your camera settings this
will make your picture come out in
better quality.
Auto Tungsten light Florescent light
SunlightCloudy

11. Rule of thirds
• This refers to an imaginary grid
drawn across a photo area that
breaks the image into nine equal
squares. The best focal point for
subjects is at the intersection of
these lines with secondary
emphasis being seen along the
lines themselves. You should in
mind to engage the viewers
attention and provide a natural
focal point. For instance, in a
portrait, keeping the eyes in line
with the top intersection and the
mouth with the bottom.
F-stop: f/8
Exposure time: 1/10sec.
ISO speed: ISO-6400

12. Examples of Rule of thirds
F-stop: f/7.1
Exposure time: 1/125 sec.
ISO speed: ISO-100
F-stop: f/4
Exposure time: 1/250 sec.
ISO speed: ISO-100