6. Sterility
Sterilization (microbiology), a term referring to any
process that eliminates or kills all forms of life from an
item or field.
The function of steril:
To prevent the contaminents of microorganism.
To minimize the probability of infection occurence.
Asepsis, a state of being free from biological
contaminants
An antibacterial or antibiotic is an agent that inhibits
bacterial growth or kills bacteria
7. Medical uses of antibiotic:
Treatment
Bacterial infection
Protozoan infection, e.g., metronidazole is effective
against several parasitics
Immunomodulation, e.g., tetracycline, which is
effective in periodontal inflammation, and dapsone,
which is effective in autoimmune diseases such as
oral mucous membrane pemphigoid
Prevention of infection
Surgical wound
Dental antibiotic prophylaxis
Conditions of neutropenia, e.g. cancer-related
8. Handscoon
Handscoon/ gloves are part of Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE) and must fulfilled when caring the
patient.
Handscoon used to prevent the contaminents towards
nurses hand when she/he touch mucosa membrane,
blood, saliva, and the infecius materials. Besides of
this, handscoon also functioned to decrease
possibilities transmission of microorganism in the
nurse’s hand to patient during the caring process.
9. The Kinds of Handscoon
1. Patient examination gloves.
Indication : assisment and the other non-
surgical procedure, included assisment
that enable contact with mucosa
membrane, and laboratory procedure.
Record: Consist of sterile and non-sterile, it
is dispossible for one patient.
Material: Natural rubber latex (NRL), nitrile,
polivinyl chloride, polyethylene
10. 2. Surgeon’s Gloves
Indication: surgical procedure.
Record : Sterile, dispossible for one patient.
Material : NRL, nitrile, combination latex and/or
sintetic.
3. Non-medical Gloves
Indication : clean and tool disinfection, hold
chemist material and sharp things which have
contamined, not used when caring patient.
Record : usefull gloves that endure from ripped
and chemist material. Can wash after used,
and can use repeatedly.
Materials: NRL and nitrile or mix of
chloroprene, nenoprene, nitrile, butyl rubber.
11. Infection
Infection is the invasion of a host organism's bodily
tissues by disease-causing organisms, their
multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to
these organisms and the toxins they produce.
Infections are caused by microorganisms such as
viruses, prions, bacteria, and viroids, and larger
organisms like macroparasites and fungi.
Infections are classified by the causative agent as
well as the symptoms and medical signs produced.
12. Symptomatic infections are apparent,
whereas an infection that is active, but
does not produce noticeable symptoms,
may be called inapparent, silent, or
subclinical. An infection that is inactive
or dormant is called a latent infection.
A short-term infection is an acute
infection. A long-term infection is a
chronic infection.
13. Primary and secondary infections
Primary and secondary infection may either
refer to succeeding infections or different
stages of one and the same infection such as
in acute herpes labialis infection In the latter
case, acute infection may also be used, as in
acute HIV infection.
Occult infection
An occult or asymptomatic infection is
medical terminology for a "hidden" infection,
that is, one that presents no symptoms
verifiable and recognizable by a doctor
14.
15. You are caring for Mr. Noor who has a large open
and draining abdominal wound . You notice an
enrolled nurse changing Mr. Noor’s dressing
without wearing gloves or using sterille suplies
or sterille tecnique. When you question this
enrolled nurse regarding his or her practice,
this person says “ don’t worry, the wound is
already infected and antibiotics and draining
will take care of any contiminents”
16. A. How would you respond to this comment?
B. What would your next step be in following
up on this incident?
17. We disagree with the nurse’s comment.
Although the wound is already infected and
antibiotics and draining, but nurses should wear
gloves. Nurse bandaged the draining abdominal
wound of patients using gloves, allows the nurse to
holds sterile dressings, instruments, and the
solution without causing contamination.
The benefits for patients when nurses wore
gloves in wound caring is to protect patients and
prevent patients from nosocomial infection that
can arise from a hospital or care facility. Moreover,
it can protect if the nurses has diseases.
18. No. Steps Rasional
Explain the wound
Make disappear of patient
1. care procedure to the
anxiousness.
patient.
Prepare the Prevent contaminate the sterile
2.
equipments. tecnique.
Provide patient’s privacy.
3. Close the blinds.
Decrease the contaminents air.
Help patient to have Patient’s moving cause
4.
comfortable position. contamination of the wound.
Make disappear of microorganism
Wash hand before do
5. that stay in the nurse’s skin. And
the procedure.
decrease pathogen transmission.
19. No. Steps Rasional
The gloves prevent
6. Use sterile gloves the transmission
organism
Determine healing
7. Inspection the wound.
wound status.
Clean the wound with antiseptic liquid. Prevent
8.
Use another lint in every caress. contamination.
Put in the dry and sterile dressing on Patient can moving
9.
incision or the wound position. comfortable.
Decrease the
Loose the gloves and throw in the right
10. microorganism
places.
transmission.
20. No. Steps Rasional
Throw all dispossible material. And Clean environment
11. help patient back to comfortable promote the patient’s
position. comfortable.
Decrease microorganism
12. Wash the hand.
transmission
Documention acurate and
Record to nurse’s sript , exact also advise of
13. observation wound, bandage and personel about the
drainase include expression patient. changing of wound and
patient status.
( Perry Potter, Hal : 1995 )
21.
22. We as a nurse must wear the sterile
gloves and sterile tecnique in caring
especially wound caring. The function of
gloves is to prevent microorganism
transmission.
