The document provides guidance on how to give a professional and appealing presentation. It discusses the importance of preparation such as planning objectives, content, and slides. Presenters should practice their delivery through rehearsal with or without visual aids. Good presentation skills include maintaining eye contact, speaking clearly at an appropriate pace, using body language effectively, and dealing confidently with questions. While public speaking fears are common, preparation and experience can help presenters feel more confident and in control of their presentation.
2. “I always think a great
speaker convinces us not
by force of reasoning
but because he is visibly
enjoying the beliefs he
wants us to accept.”
-W.B. Yeats
3. Objectives of the Lecture Today
By the end of the session, you will be able to
know how to be a good speaker through…
• Utilizing eye contact, body language and voice
(Tone) to their advantage in a presentation
• Preparation and Practice
• Dealing with questions
and interruptions
• Facing your fears
8. Performance
• Explain figures, and point to important aspects
• Give a clear and concise summary, then stop.
• Don’t go overtime. Ever.
9. Practice
• If group: rehearse as a group
– Check timing
– Provide feedback to each other
• If individual: rehearse with friend or faculty
• Rehearse without PowerPoint
• Rehearse with PowerPoint in classroom
11. Speech was confused; I didn’t know what he/she was trying to
tell me
This is what irritates people during presentations
Verbal Communication- barriers
26. Facing your Fears
• Write your fears on a post-it
• Stick them up
• Find ways to face them in the group
27. Podium Panic
For some people, the
thought of giving a
presentation is more
frightening than falling
off a cliff, financial
difficulties, snakes and
even death.
28. Dealing with Podium Panic
• Audiences are forgiving
• Nervousness is usually invisible
• Be yourself
• Practice deep breathing/ visualization
techniques
• Begin in your comfort zone
29. • Check out the room in advance
• Concentrate on the message
• Begin with a slow, well prepared
introduction; have a confident and
clear conclusion
• Be prepared and practice
30. • Lack of experience
• Lack of preparation
• Lack of enthusiasm
• Negative self-talk
Feeling Nervous?
31. • Be over-prepared
• Rehearse and practice
• Know your subject
• Use relaxation techniques
• Be positive +++
• Avoid stressors
Becoming Confident
32. Warm up!
• Helps you to relax
• Helps you to be heard
• Helps you to sound more confident.
33. Tongue Twisters!
• Unique New York
• She sells sea shells by the sea shore. The
shells that she sells are sea shells I’m sure
• Red Lorry, Yellow Lorry
• Peter Piper picked a peck of picked peppers
• Rubber buggy baby bumpers
35. Body Language
• Dress professionally
• Face your audience
• Audience focus: maintain eye contact
with audience
• Point and re-orient
• Be enthusiastic
36. • Never let them out of your
sight.
• Looking them in the eye makes
them feel that they are
influencing what you say.
• Eye contact allows the
presentation to approximate
conversation—the audience
feels much more involved.
Eye Contact
37. Body Language
NO-NO’s
• Lean on or grip the podium
• Rock or sway in place
• Stand immobile
• Use a single gesture repeatedly
• Examine or bite your fingernails
38. Body Language
NO-NO’s
• Cross your arms in front of your chest
• Chew gum or eat candy
• Click or tap your pen, pencil or pointer
• Lean into the microphone
39. Body Language
NO-NO’s
• Shuffle your notes unnecessarily
• Tighten your tie or otherwise play with
your clothing
• Crack your knuckles
• Jangle change or key in your pocket
41. Combine
VERBAL SKILLS
• Slow down!
• Don’t read your slides
• Vary voice tone
• Real enthusiasm
• SPEAK-UP
BODY LANGUAGE
• Eye contact
• Stand straight -
breathe
• Don’t over gesture
with pointer, etc.
• Face your
audience
42. Public Speaking Tips
• Breathe deeply
• Take your time
• Test the microphone
• Smile!
• Hydrate your voice
47. Speak Clearly
• Speak at reasonable pace
• Use inflection
• Project your voice. Do not mumble.
• Talk to the audience: Not screen, camera,
notes, or self
• Use professional language.
Avoid idioms / slang.
48. Getting started - greeting the audience
• Good morning, ladies and gentlemen.
• Welcome to my presentation.
• It’s very nice to see you all here today.
• Can we get started?
• Let me say just a few words about my background...
What you need to do first is to greet your audience. Here are some useful phrases:
Then you proceed to the introduction to your topic
49. Making an effective opening
• Give them a problem to think about (Suppose you... Why is it that...)
• Give them some amazing facts.(Did you know that ...)
• Give them a story or a personal anecdote (stories always atract attention)
• Make a funny remark (but be careful with humour, not all jokes work well)
• Record a music piece perhaps (if appropriate for the topic)
51. Ending your talk
Don’t just end up abruptly without giving a conclusion.The
purpose of the conclusion is to “tell the people what you have
told them”.
Follow this scheme:
• Summarise facts
• Give recommendations
• Give proposals
Thank the audience
Invite questions
52. “Make sure you have finished
speaking before your
audience has finished
listening.”
-Dorothy Sarnoff
53. Dealing with Questions
TRACT technique
1. Thank the questioner
2. Repeat the question
3. Answer the question
4. Check with the questioner if they are
satisfied
5. Thank them again
54. What if I don’t know the answer?
• Open it to the floor
• Take details and answer later
• Repeat the question back if you don’t
understand it
55. Easy as A B C
“I can’t Answer that
question Because …, but
I Can tell you…”
57. Remember
During Handling Questions
Do not get confused
You are not supposed to know everything
Anticipate and keep answers ready
Sometime questions themselves give you a lead
to highlight your point of view
Questions show people are listening!
58. Summary
• Preparation is key!
• Practice!
• Watch out for tone and body language
• Questions are good, but prepare for
them.
• Fears can be tempered with good
preparation
William Butler Yeats, was an Irish poet and one of the foremost figures of 20th century literature, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature as the first Irishman so honoured
Martin Luther Occupation : Clergyman, activist
Winston Churchill:Officeholder
Hitler
John Kennedy
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi:
Nationality : Indian
Claim for fame : Leadership of Indian independence movement,, philosophy of Satyagraha, Ahimsa or non-violence., pacifism
Nilson Mandella
Pope John Paul II:Christian Leader
NEED MORE ILLUSTRATION
If giving a group presentation, rehearse as a group to do the following:
Check timing of presentation
Provide feedback to each other on things like:
Looking at the projection screen too much
Talking too fast
Mumbling
Reading from their notes or the projection screen
If doing an individual presentation, rehearse the presentation with a friend or faculty member who can give you feedback.
Rehearse without your PowerPoint until you are not dependent on it to prompt you as to what you say next. The slide show is not the center of this presentation; you are.
Rehearse with your PowerPoint in the classroom. If possible, project your slide presentation in the room where you are giving the presentation and check it out for readability from the back of the room, color contrast, clarity of images, and so forth.
Talk to your audience (eye contact, conversational style)
Engage your audience by asking questions
Keep it interesting:
- share interesting tidbits
- give unique examples/analogies
- humor disturbs slumber
Jargon language: language that public don’t understand what we talking about
My bad - If a teen has made a mistake, the phrase “my bad” is frequently employed as a cover. It means what it appears to mean: “I was bad!”
Frenemy - This term is a combination of the words "friend" and "enemy." It is a person who appears on one hand to be your friend but, at the same time is antagonistic towards you.
Like fitness
Practice in actual room – full simulation
Ask questions
Organise visual aids, notes and handouts
Prepare for audience questions
Mindfulness
Dress professionally. Dress like you are giving this presentation at a national conference of international experts, or assume your mother will see the video of this presentation.
Face your audience. Position your body so you can see the whole audience without moving your head significantly. You can move around, and use your hands to emphasize points, but focus on your audience.
Audience focus: maintain eye contact with audience for the majority of the presentation, not with computer screen, not with the projection screen or speaker notes. You can see if people are nodding off, looking confused, or want to ask a question and take action. If someone nods off, ask them a question.
Ignore the camera. Just pretend it isn’t there.
When you do need to point to something on the screen, do so quickly and re-orient yourself back to facing the audience.
Display high energy. Be enthusiastic. Don’t lean on the podium or other furniture. Stand up straight. Holding on to the podium to keep your knees from knocking is allowed. Especially, don’t prop your chin on your hand.
Intelligibility=understandability Variability=expresses differences in meaning
Articulation (enunciation)= the precision and clarity with which you utter the sounds of speech. Chiefly the job of the jaw, tongue, and lips. Most articulation problems come from laziness on the parts of these organs.
Pronunciation=traditional or customary utterance of words. Common faults are the misplacement of accent, omitting sounds, adding sounds,and verbalizing silent letters.
Vocalized pauses=uh, um, ah. Know your subject.
Overuse of stock expressions=OK, like, you know. Conveys a lack of originality.
Substandard grammar
Force=variability of volume
Pitch=highness or lowness
Emphasis=stressing certain phrases or sections
Most people give you 2/3 minutes
You've heard it before: First impressions are powerful. Believe it. The first 2-3 minutes of the presentation are the most important. The audience wants to like you and they will give you a few minutes at the beginning to engage them -- don't miss the opportunity. Most presenters fail here because they ramble on too long about superfluous background information or their personal/professional history, etc.
Get closer to your audience by moving away from or in front of the podium. The podium is a barrier between you and the audience, but the goal of our presentation is to connect with the audience. Removing physical barriers between you and the audience will help you build rapport and make a connection.
Don’t talk & move
Don’t talk over a video
Try looking at individuals rather than scanning the group. Since you are using a computer, you never need to look at the screen behind you — just glance down at the computer screen briefly. One sure way to lose an audience is to turn your back on them. And while you're maintaining great eye contact, don't forget to smile as well. Unless your topic is very grim, a smile can be a very powerful thing.
Let your enthusiasm come out
Biggest element that separates mediocre presenters from world class ones is the ability to connect with audience in honest and exciting way.
Movement – hand gestures, intonation
Clear and understandable speaking. Speak at a reasonable pace, not too fast or slow. Use inflection to maintain interest.
Project your voice. Volume needs to be adequate for the entire room to hear you. If voice is soft, use a microphone. Do not mumble.
Talk to the audience. Not the screen, the camera, your notes, or yourself.
Use professional language. Avoid idioms and slang.
There are several ways how to attract the audience right from the beginning. Think of
one of the following techniques to introduce your talk:
Some useful phrases
What I want to do this morning is to …..
My talk will take about 30 minutes.
During my presentation, I’m going to be focusing on four main areas.
I’ll be giving out copies of my transparencies at the end.
If you have any questions, or comments you’d like to make,
please don’t hesitate to stop me.
Introduction is probably the most important part. The
Purpose of the introduction is “to tell the audience what
you are going to tell them”. You should remember that there
is no second chance for a first bad impression. If you start off badly
you will spoil everything.
When you come to the end of your presentation you need to indicate this to the people.
Ending your talk : useful phrases
Wrapping up
This brings me to the end of my presentation.
Let me just run over the key points again…
To sum up briefly…
To conclude …
As we’ve seen…
So, my recommendation is ….
I would welcome any suggestions.
Thanking the audience & Inviting questions
Thank you for your attention and if you have any questions I’ll be pleased
to answer them.
I’ll be happy to answer any questions.
Are there any questions you’d like to ask?
Make sure you tell the audience that you will be taking questions at the end of your presentation. When you finish your presentation, instead of asking ‘Does anyone have questions’, ask something like ‘What questions do people have?’ or a specific
question related to your presentation like ‘Do you agree with (part of your presentation’. Look at the questioner.
Remain neutral and attentive.
Listen to the whole question.
Pause before you respond.
Address the questioner, then move your eyes to others.