1. FRESH AND PROCESSED FOODS CHAPTER1

2. Define fresh and processed foods and give examples from each category List the criteria for choosing fresh and processed foods Interpret information found on nutrition and food labels Plan nutritious dishes and meals by combining fresh and processed foods Study Scheme

3. CONTENTS Meat Poultry Eggs Seafoods Fruits Vegetables Frozen food Canned food Ready-to-eat food Dehydrated food Define fresh and processed foods and give examples from each category

4. 1. Meat – from animals Meat from Animals Sheep provide mutton Pigs provide pork Deer provide vension

5. 1. Meat – cuts from animals Cuts of Meat from Lamb Shank meat and Leg meat from leg Cuts of Meat from Sheep Blade chop from shoulder (bbg) Loin chop (bgp) Sirloin chop from leg (gb) Rib chop (bgpr) Spare ribs from breast and fore shank (bbgr)

6. 1. Meat – cuts from animals Cuts of Meat from Cow Pot roast from chuck (bsr) Back ribs(g) Brisket(bs) Ground beef from fore shank(bsb) T-bone steak from short loin(bg) Flank steak(bb) Sirloin steak(bgp) Rump roast from round(brs)

7. 2. Poultry Refers to domesticated birds reared for their meat and eggs. Examples are chickens, ducks, turkeys, pigeons and geese. Poultry contains mainly proteins and some fats, vitamins, iron and phosphorus.

8. 3. Eggs Eggs are a good source of necessary proteins but high in cholesterol and should be consumed every three days. Types of eggs include chicken, quails, ostriches and ducks. Fresh eggs have firm yolks and thick whites and the shell should be intact and free of dirt.

9. 4. Seafoods – hierarchy

10. 4. Seafoods – fin fish White fish contains little oily fat Cod Halibut Sea bass Pomfret Oily fish are high in omega-3 fatty acid Salmon Sardine Trout Herring

11. 4. Seafoods – shell fish Crustaceans are covered with an external skeleton with two pairs of antennae Molluscs have soft flesh covered by shells Muscular feet Outer shells open up when cooked

12. 4. Seafoods – shell fish Examples of Crustaceans Lobster Crab Crayfish Prawn Examples of Molluscs Oyster Mussel Scallop Squid

13. 5. Fruits – types

14. 5. Fruits Tropical fruits Fruits that grow in the tropics, that have tropical climates. Examples include Rambutans, Guavas, Bananas and Papayas. Citrus fruits Fruits that are high in Vitamin C. Examples include Oranges, Grapefruits, Lemon and Lime.

15. 5. Fruits Melon fruits Fruits that have a tough outer rind and sweet tasting flesh. Examples include Watermelons, Honeydews and Rockmelons. Berries Fruits that develop from several overies in a flower. Examples include Raspberries and Blackberries.

16. 5. Fruits Pomes Fruits that contain seeds in the centre. Examples include Apples and Pears. Stones / Drupes Fruits that contain one seed in the centre. Examples include Peaches, Plums and Cherries.

17. 6. Vegetables – types

18. 6. Vegetables – examples Tuber – Potato, Yam Bulb – Garlic, Onion Stem – Asparagus, Celery, Sugarcane Grain – Barley, Maize, Oats, Rice, Wheat Seed – Bean, Pea, Cashews, Peanut Flower – Broccoli, Cauliflower Leaf – Cabbage, Lettuce, Spinach

19. 7. Frozen Foods Kept below freezing point to prevent bacteria from multiplying. Foods can be kept longer. Examples Ice cream Frozen peas Fish fingers Frozen chicken

20. 8. Canned Foods Sealed and subjected to high temperatures. Can be kept for a long time. Examples Pickled vegetables Honey Baked beans Sauces

21. 9. Ready-to-eat Foods Can be eaten straight from the packaging Examples Cereal Biscuits Milk Cheese Yogurt

22. 10. Dehydrated Foods Liquid content is removed to prevent micro-organisms from reproducing. May require soaking before cooking Examples Instant noodles Instant coffee or tea Jelly crystals

23. END