A quiz about monuments and archaeological sites, main historical events and local history. Project Erasmus+ (Bulgaria, Greece, Lithuania, Poland, Turkey) and about the cities of Istanbul, Kulupenai,Pobiedizka, Rhodes και Svishtov

1. Meeting in Rhodes, 3/10/2016,
7th Junior high School of Rhodes.

2. About: I)the most important
historical events II) the most
important monuments and
archaeological sites and III) our local
history
A Quiz

3. Monuments and
archaeological sites

4. In the picture you can see a palace of the
Bronze Age in Greece.
Where is it located?
What is the name of the civilization which
flourished there?

5. It is located on the island of Creta.
It is Knossos palace, the center of the
Minoan civilisation.

6. In the picture you can see the “Lions’ Gate”of
the acropolis of the most important and
richest palatial center of the Late Bronze Age
in Greece.
Where is it?

7. In Mycenae, in the region of
Peloponnese.

8. Which archaeological site is considered as the
biggest megalith ensemble in the Balkans? Where is
it?
From which periods are the buildings and
archaeological findings of this area?

9. ➢It is Perperikon on a rocky peak in
Bulgaria (in the Eastern Rhodope
range).
Human activity in the area dates back to 5000 B.C.
Ceramics found on the place date from the Early Iron
Age, as well as the impressive round altar, almost 2 m in
diameter, hewn out of the rocks. A giant palace and an
imposing fortress built around date from the time of
the Roman Empire. A church, ( 5th c.) was also
excavated.

10. Where is Poland’s best known fortified
settlement situated which dates from the
Iron Age?

11. On the island of Lake Biskupin
which is now a peninsula.

12. Where are these ancient buildings
located?

13. On the Acropolis of Athens, capital of
Greece.

14. What is the name of this temple of the
5th c. BC on the Acropolis of Athens?

15. The Parthenon

16. ▪ Name two well preserved ancient
theaters where dramas are presented
until now.
Where are they?
From which era do they date?

17. 340-330 BC
Theater of Epidaurus, in Greece

18. Aspendos theater near Antalya in Turkey, 155AD.

19. In which tomb are the mural paintings
considered as Bulgaria's best-preserved artistic
masterpieces from the Hellenistc period (323-30BC) ?

20. In the Thracian Tomb of Kazanlak
(Казанлъшка гробница, Kazanlǎška
grobnica).

21. Where do these colossal stone heads, which
belong to statues,lie?
When were they sculpted? By whom?

22. On Mount Nemrut National Park, in
Turkey.
They formed part of the tomb and
temple complex built by Antiochus I
( 69–34 BC), who reigned over the
Commagene kingdom.

23. How was the roman legionary base called,
which later became a Roman town on the
Danube in northern Bulgaria near Svishtov?

24. Novae

25. Which is its name?
Where is this building located?

26. ➢It is located in Istanbul, Turkey.
Its name is AyaSofia

27. Ever since 1935 AyaSofya has been a Museum.
Name two of the former uses of the building.

28. I. AyaSofya was a christian orthodox church
(cathedral) built in the architectural type of
the domed basilica by the emperor Justinian
in the capital of the Byzantine Empire,
Constantinople (Istanbul) in 537.
II. After the conquest of the Empire by the
Ottomans it was converted to a mosque
(1453-1931).

29. From which period do these churches date,
which are situated in central Greece (Boeotia)?
How are they called?

30. From the 10th and 11th centuries,
during the Byzantine period.
The smaller church is dedicated to
Theotocos (Virgin Mary).
The catholicon(the main church) is
dedicated to Saint (Hossios) Loukas.

31. Where was one of Poland’s main defensive and
administrative centers located in the middle
ages(10th-11thc. AD)?
Who was it constructed by?

32. On Ostrów Lednicki, an island in the
southern portion of Lake Lednica
between the cities of Gniezno and
Poznań.
During the reign of the first ruler of
the Polish state, Mieszko I, and
Boleslaw the Brave.

33. This site was inhabited from the end of the
Paleolithic era until the end of the 14th century.
Where is it?
When was it first mentioned as capital?

34. In Lithuania, Kernavė.
It was first mentioned in 1279, as the
capital of the Grand Duke Traidenis.

35. In the picture you can see the primary
fortress of the second Bulgarian Empire (1185
to 1393). Give its name.

36. Tsarevets (fortress) near Veliko
Tarnovo.

37. Where is this castle situated which was one of the
largest medieval fortresses in western Europe and
an example of medieval military architecture?
Whom was it constructed by?

38. It is situated in Poland. In northern
Poland’s Pomeranian region, along the
Nogat River, in the ‘Vistula River delta’ near
the ‘Baltic Sea’.
It is Malbork Castle.
It was founded by the Teutonic Knights, the
‘Catholic religious order of Germany’
between 1274-1457.

39. This is Wawel Royal Castle in Poland: Where
exactly is it?
By whom was it inhabited?

40. In the centre of Krakow upon the
Vistula River.
It was the residence of the kings of
Poland from 13th to 18th century.

41. This castle was one of the main centres of the Grand
Duchy of Lithuania which held great strategic
importance from the 14th c.
Where is it exactly? What is its name?

42. It is located in Trakai, an island in
Lake Galvė.
It is the Trakai Island Castle (Trakų
salos pilis).

43. In which country’s capital is this cathedral situated ?
To whom is it dedicated?

44. This is Vilnius Cathedral(Lithuania).
(Vilniaus Šv. Stanislovo ir Šv.
Vladislovo arkikatedra bazilika)
It is dedicated to St. Stanislav and St.
Vladislav.

45. In which city is this mosque situated?
How is it called?

46. It is in Istanbul, Turkey.
It is called Sultan Ahmet Mosque
(Sultan Ahmet Camii).
It was built between 1609 and 1616
during the rule of Ahmet I.
It is also called the Blue Mosque
because of the colour of its interior
decoration.

47. What is the name of this cathedral situated in the
capital of one of the countries involved in this
program?
When was it constructed?

48. It is Alexander Nevsky Cathedral in
Sofia, capital of Bulgaria.
Its construction began in the end of
19th c. but most of it was constructed
between 1904 and 1912.

49. The most important events

50. When and where were the first Olympic games
held in Antiquity?
What about in the modern era?

51. In Olympia, Greece, 776 BC.
The first international Olympic
Games held in the modern era, took
place in Athens, Greece, in 1896.

52. When did the greek become the
official written and spoken
language in the areas of eastern
Mediterranean?

53. From the period of Alexander the
Great until the 6th century AD, greek
became the official written and
spoken language in the areas of
eastern Mediterranean and it was
appointed as the Hellenistic or
Alexadrian Koine (common).

54. Whose Empire did Greece become part
of after the conquest by the Romans?

55. Greece became part of the Byzantine
Empire (Eastern Roman Empire)
from 4th c.AD to 15th.

56. When was the first Bulgarian Empire
founded ?
By whom?

57. It was founded circa 681 when
Bulgarian tribes led by Asparukh
moved to the northeastern Balkans.
The first Bulgarian Empire existed
between 7th and 11 c. AD.

58. From which period does this relief in
Bulgaria date?What does it depict?

59. It is the Madara Rider. It dates from
the period of the First Bulgarian
Empire (c. 710),
It is a large rock relief carved on the
Madara Plateau east of Shumen,
northeast Bulgaria.

60. When were Poland and Bulgaria
christianised?

61. Paganism in Bulgaria was abolished
in favour of Eastern Orthodox
Christianity under Boris I in 864.
In Poland ,Mieszko I accepted the
Christening
from hands of the German bishop in
966.

62. Which period of Bulgaria’s medieval
history is called cultural golden age?

63. The period of the rule of Simeon the
Great (893-927) is called Cultural
golden age.
The capital Preslav was built in
Byzantine fashion to
rival Constantinople.

64. The Battle of Manzikert ended to a decisive
defeat of the Byzantine army on August 26th, 1071
by the Seljuk Turks. What is the importance of this
historic event?
Alp Arslan
humiliating
Emperor
Romanos IV.
From a 15th-
century
illustrated
French
translation of
Boccaccio's De
Casibus
Virorum
Illustrium.

65. It marked the decline of the Byzantine
Empire.
The result of this disastrous defeat was
the loss of the Eastern Roman Empire's
Anatolian heartland.
Manzkert Battle let the Anatolia’s doors
open for Turkish People.

66. When did the battle of Grunwald take place?Who
were involved?How did it end?

67. The battle was fought on 15 July 1410
during the Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic
War.
It ended with the victory of the Polish-
Lithuanian army.
The result of the battle : the
Jagiellonian dynasty became the most
important in Europe.

68. When was the capital of the Byzantine
Empire , Constantinople, conquered by
the Ottoman Army?

69. Constantinople was conquered by
Ottoman Turks under the command
of Sultan Mehmed II on 29th May
1453. It was renamed Istanbul.
Due to this conquest, Ottomans
became an Empire.

70. The Constitution that was adopted by the Great
parliament of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth is the
world's second-oldest codified national constitution after
the 1789 U.S. Constitution.
When was it signed?

71. It was signed May 3rd 1791

72. When was Greece recognized as an
independent state?

73. It was recognized as an independent
state by the London Protocol of
February 3rd 1830 , an agreement
between the three Great Powers (United
Kingdom, France and Russia), which
amended the decisions of the 1829
protocol and established Greece as an
independent, sovereign state.

74. When do Bulgarians celebrate their
liberation from the Ottoman Empire?

75. The day that the treaty of San
Stefano was signed , March 3rd (1878)
is celebrated as Liberation Day in
Bulgaria.
According to the treaty, the Ottoman Empire gave back
to Bulgaria most of the territory conquered in 14th
century. It was never implemented, being superseded
by the Treaty of Berlin .

76. Which state was the winner in Gallipoli
Campaign(Battle of Gallipoli or the Dardanelles
Campaign) in 1915-1916 during WWI?
Why was this victory so important?

77. The Ottoman Empire (Turkey) won the Allied
Powers (English, French, Greeks, Russians,
Australian and New Zealand Army Corps ).
The control of the naval way via
Dardanellia by the Allied Powers was
prohibited.
Capturing the Ottoman capital of Istanbul
was also prohibited.
.

78. When did Lithuania become an
independent state?

79. On February 16th, 1918.

80. Who won in Warsaw Battle (1920) ?
Which were the consequences of this historic
event?

81. The Polish beat the Bolshevik
Russians.
Consequences: a) independence of
Poland
b) stop to the plans of spreading
Bolshevik revolution in Western
Europe.

82. Who was in head of the “National
War of Independece in Turkey (1919-
1923)?

83. Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk )

84. When was the Turkish Republic
founded? Who was in head?

85. On October 29, 1923.
The leader was Mustafa Kemal
(Atatürk)
The Turkish Republic succeeded the
Ottoman Empire.

86. Name at least two modern reforms that
were introduced in the Turkish Republic
(1922-1937).

87. Change of headgear and dress.
Adoption of the new Turkish alphabet.
Abolition of titles and by-names.
Full political rights, to vote and be
elected, to women.
New penal law. New civil code.

88. Greece in WWII:How was the country
engaged in the war?

89. Greece was attacked by the Italians
in 1940 and then by the Germans
1941.
Despite the resistance of the Greek
army, Greece was occupied until
1944.

90. When did democracy unlawfully give
place to dictatorship in Greece? How long
did it last?

91. On April 21, 1967 conspirator army
officers overthrew the government
and imposed dictatorship. It lasted
until 1974.

92. Why was Martial law imposed in
Poland (1981-1983)? Who was the
leader of the opposition to the
government’s powers?

93. The government wanted to destroy
the Union « Solidarity” by imposing
martial law, which drastically
restricted normal life. The leader who
founded the Union was Lech Wałęsa.

94. When did Greece become a member
of the European Union?

95. It became a member of the EU on
January 1st,1981.

96. What were the demands of people from the three
Baltic States, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania who
formed a human chain from Tallinn to Vilnius
through Riga on 23rd August, 1989?

97. On 23 August 1989,- the 50th anniversary of
the Molotov- Ribentrop Pact , according to
which the Baltic states were occupied by
the Soviet Union, the three Baltic States,
Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania demanded
independence for themselves and
expressed their will in the “Baltic
Way”.

98. When was the independent state of
Lithuania restored?

99. On March 11th, 1990, after 50 years
under the Soviet regime,the
Independent State of Lithuania was
restored.

100. When was Lech Wałęsa elected
president of Poland?

101. The round table talks between the
government and the “Solidarity” opposition
led to semi-free elections in 1989.
In December 1990, Wałęsa was
elected President of Poland.

102. What do Lithuanians commemorate
every year on January 13th?

103. They commemorate the resistance of
Lithuanian people against the Soviet
Army, who attacked Vilnius on January
13th,1991 in order to capture the TV Tower,
the Parliament, the radio and television
buildings.
They also commemorate all the victims
of Soviet totalitarian regime.

104. Local history

105. The name of the Polish town
Pobiedziska derives from the word
‘pobieda’.What does it mean?

106. Victory!
The name was given by Kazimierz
Odnowiciel in 1048AD.

107. What happened in Pobiedziska in
1331?

108. The town was destroyed by the
invasion of the Teutonic Knights
who stopped its development.

109. The inhabitants of Pobiedziska took
part in Wielkopolska uprising in
1918.Who did they fight against and
take control of their town?

110. They took control of the town from
the German officials.

111. How else was the town of Svishtov
known as in the Roman period?

112. It was identified with the Roman
colony Novae.

113. When was Svishtov liberated from
the Ottoman rule?

114. It was liberated on June 27th,1877 in
the area of Tekir Dere (today
Monuments).

115. What was the name of Istanbul
during antiquity and the medieval
era?

116. In antiquity it was a trade colony
called Byzantium .It was also called
Constantinople as the capital of the
Byzantine Empire in medieval time.

117. Which year did the former capital of
the Byzantine empire become the
capital of the Ottoman empire?What
was the name of the conqueror?

118. That was in 1453 by Fatih Sultan
Mehmet the Conqueror.

119. Who moved the capital from
Istanbul to Ankara?Why?

120. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk moved the
capital from Istanbul to Ankara due
to the foundation of the Turkish
Republic.

121. What does the word Kulupenai in the
so called District mean?

122. The name Kulupenai comes from the
stream Kulupis which means the
small river with lots of stones and
pebbles in it.

123. In which political parts was the
village community of Kulupenai
divided after WWII?

124. The village community was divided
in two parts:The first was loyal to
the Soviet regime .The second was
against the soviet system.

125. What did the Forest Brothers do in
Kulupenai?

126. They fought against the soviet rule
(guerilla war) and were killed.

127. When was the city of Rhodes
founded?

128. It was founded in 408 BC .

129. What was the name of the Order of
Knights to whom the island of
Rhodes was sold in 1309?Which event
put an end to the Knights’ period?

130. It was the Order of the Knights
Hospitaliers of Saint John of
Jerusalem.In 1522 the city of Rhodes
was besieged by the Ottoman Turks
which marked the beginning of the
Ottoman rule.

131. How long did the Italian occupation
on the island of Rhodes and the rest
of the Dodecanese last?

132. It started from 1912 and ended in
1947 when the Dodecanese region
was reunited with Greece.